مروری بر ارزیابی روش¬های تعیین آسیب¬پذیری برخی از آبخوان¬های ایران به روش دراستیک
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت منابع آب
محمدرضا پاکباز
1
(گروه مهندسی عمران، موسسه آموزش عالی عقیق، اصفهان، ایران.)
مهران ایرانپور
2
(استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد لنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران)
کلید واژه: آب زیرزمینی, آسیب¬پذیری, ایران, آبخوان, دراستیک,
چکیده مقاله :
برای مدیریت آب زیرزمینی، تعیین آسیب¬پذیری و ریسک آب زیرزمینی اجتناب ناپذیر است. همچنین رفع آلودگی آب¬ زیرزمینی، هزینه¬های زیادی را در بر خواهد داشت، از این¬رو لازم است از روش¬های مناسب و مقرون به صرفه برای پیشگیری از آلودگی منابع آب زیرزمینی استفاده گردد. از جمله عواملی که سبب کاهش کیفیت آب زیرزمینی می¬گردد؛ وجود منابع مهم آلایندههای منتشر شده و نقطه¬ای ناشی از فعالیت¬های انسانی در سطح زمین و نفوذ این آلاینده¬ها به آبخوان¬هاست. به همین منظور جلوگیری از آلودگی این آب¬ها در مدیریت منابع آب زیرزمینی، ضروری است. هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی روش¬های تعیین آسیب¬پذیری آبخوان¬ها با استفاده از مدل دراستیک در 12 منطقه واقع در برخی نقاط کشور ایران است. ارزیابی هر منطقه بر اساس شاخص¬های متفاوتی ارائه شده است که به مجریان برطرف¬کننده آلودگی¬های سیستم¬های آب زیرزمینی در جهت انتخاب، استفاده مجدد و یا ارائه روش-های جدید کمک می¬کند. به¬علاوه در توضیح هر روش، چالش¬ها و شكاف¬های تحقیقاتی دشت¬های موجود مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند که می¬توانند موضوع کارهای تحقیقاتی در آینده باشند.
Determining the vulnerability and risk of groundwater is necessary for groundwater management. Cleaning up polluted groundwater is a costly undertaking. Various factors degrade groundwater quality, including point sources and diffuse sources of pollution, often linked to human activities that allow pollutants to enter aquifers. Therefore, it is necessary to use suitable and affordable methods to prevent pollution of ground-water resources at the source. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the methods of determining the vulnerability of aquifers using the drastic model in 12 regions located in some parts of Iran. The evaluation of each region is presented based on different indicators which help the removing pollution executors of underground water systems in order to choose, reuse or present new methods. In addition, the challenges and research gaps of the existing plains were evaluated in the explanation of each method, which can be the subject of future research works.
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