تحلیل نقش هنجارهای فرهنگی، هویت اجتماعی و باورهای جمعی در تبیین رفتار جنایی زنان
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی
سید هادی پژومان
1
,
الیاس قاسمی همدانی
2
1 - استادیار، گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شمال آمل، آمل، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد، گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد حضرت آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران
کلید واژه: هنجارهای فرهنگی, هویت اجتماعی, باورهای جمعی, رفتار جنایی زنان, روانشناسی فرهنگی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، تحلیل نقش هنجارهای فرهنگی، هویت اجتماعی و باورهای جمعی در تبیین رفتار جنایی زنان بود. جامعه پژوهش شامل تمامی مطالعات و متون در باره رفتار جنایی زنان بود. نمونه پژوهش متون مرتبط با هنجارهای فرهنگی، هویت اجتماعی و باورهای جمعی زنان بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی بود. جهت گردآوری اطلاعات از روش کتابخانهای و به صورت فیشبرداری از منابع مکتوب و مطالعات پیشین مرتبط استفاده شد. سپس دادههای گردآوریشده با استفاده از تحلیل محتوا مورد بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته ها نشان داد که سه مؤلفهی هنجارهای فرهنگی، هویت اجتماعی و باورهای جمعی نقش کلیدی در مسیرهای زنان به سمت رفتار جنایی دارند. و زنانی که میان هویت فردی خود و هویت تحمیلی اجتماعی تضاد میبینند، ممکن است برای بازتعریف خویش یا مقابله با طرد اجتماعی به گروههای حاشیهای یا رفتارهای جنایی روی آورند. باورهای جمعی نیز که از دل فرهنگ عمومی، رسانهها و نهادهای اجتماعی بازتولید میشوند، نقش تقویتکننده یا بازدارنده دارند. باورهایی که زنان را ضعیف، وابسته و تابع میدانند، عزتنفس آنان را کاهش داده و فشارهای روانی و اجتماعی را تشدید میکنند، در حالیکه باورها میتوانند زمینهای برای کاهش جرمخیزی، ایجاد هویت اجتماعی مثبت را فراهم آورند. در نهایت، این مطالعه نشان میدهد که جرمخیزی زنان پدیدهای چندبعدی است و درک دقیقتر این پدیده نیازمند توجه همزمان به ابعاد اجتماعی، فرهنگی، روانشناختی و ساختاری دارد وتنها با رویکردی جامع و میانرشتهای میتوان راهکارهای مؤثری برای پیشگیری، کاهش جرم زنان و ارتقای عدالت اجتماعی ارائه داد.
The present study object was to analyze the role of cultural norms, social identity, and collective beliefs in explaining women’s criminal behavior. The universe of the study encompassed all the research texts concerning women’s criminal behavior. The sample enfolded text related to cultural norms, social identity, and collective beliefs. The study applied a descriptive-analytical approach. To collect data library method via note taking on index cards was processed. The data, then was analyzed by using content analysis. Findings indicated that cultural norms, social identity, and collective beliefs had a key significant role in the women’s track toward criminal behavior. Individual identity Social forced identity. And women who find out that their individual identity contradicted the socially imposed identity might turn to marginalized groups or criminal behavior to redefine themselves or cope with social exclusion. Collective beliefs, which were reproduced through popular culture, the media, and social institutions, also played a reinforcing or inhibiting role. Beliefs that considered women weak, dependent, and subservient reduced their self-esteem and intensify psychological and social pressures, while beliefs could provide a basis for reducing crime and creating a positive social identity. Finally, this study showed that female criminality is a multidimensional phenomenon and a more accurate understanding of this phenomenon requires simultaneous attention to social, cultural, psychological, and structural dimensions. Only with a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach can effective solutions be provided to prevent, reduce women's crime, and promote social justice.
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