ارزیابی نقش سرمایه های روستایی در شکل گیری و پایداری کسب و کارهای گردشگری(مطالعه موردی: روستاهای هدف گردشگری استان زنجان)
سیده سمیرا موسوی
1
(
کارشناسی ارشد گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
)
فرهاد جوان
2
(
استادیار گروه مدیریت جهانگردی، دانشکده میراث فرهنگی، صنایع دستی و گردشگری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
)
جمشید عینالی
3
(
دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
)
کلید واژه: سرمایه‌های روستایی, گردشگری روستایی, پایداری, کسب و کار, زنجان.,
چکیده مقاله :
گردشگری روستایی به‌عنوان یکی از راهبردهای مهم توسعه پایدار، زمینه‌ساز رشد اقتصادی، حفظ فرهنگ‌های محلی و بهبود کیفیت زندگی در مناطق روستایی است. بهره‌گیری از سرمایه‌های روستایی نقش کلیدی در شکل‌گیری، توسعه و پایداری کسب‌وکارهای خرد گردشگری دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش سرمایه‌های روستایی در شکل‌گیری، توسعه و پایداری کسب‌وکارهای خرد گردشگری در روستاهای هدف استان زنجان انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر توصیفی - تحلیلی و نوع آن از نظر هدف، کاربردی است. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از روش‌های اسنادی و میدانی استفاده شده است. جامعه نمونه 8 روستای هدف گردشگری در استان زنجان است و از مجموع 8812 خانوار ساکن در نقاط روستایی نمونه، با فرمول کوکران، حجم نمونه 327 خانوار محاسبه و این افراد با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفي انتخاب شدند. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل دادههای پژوهش از آزمون‌های آماری مختلف نظیر t تک نمونه‌ای، تحلیل خوشه‌ای، همگونی کای دو، همبستگی اسپیرمن، رگرسیون خطی و آزمون ناپارامتری کروسکال-والیس استفاده گردید. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که سرمایه‌های طبیعی، ساخته‌شده (فیزیکی) و مالی بیشترین تأثیر را در شکل‌گیری و پایداری کسب‌وکارهای خرد گردشگری داشته‌اند. همچنین، بین شاخص سرمایه‌های روستایی و کسب‌وکارهای گردشگری رابطه معناداری در سطح 99 درصد مشاهده شد. روستاهای سوکهریز، شیت و درسجین به ترتیب از نظر سرمایه‌های انسانی و نهادی، طبیعی، و مالی-اجتماعی، در رتبه‌های بالاتری نسبت به سایر روستاهای نمونه قرار دارند.
چکیده انگلیسی :
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Rural tourism, as one of the key strategies for sustainable development, fosters economic growth, preserves local cultures, and enhances the quality of life in rural areas. Utilizing rural capital plays a crucial role in the establishment, development, and sustainability of small-scale tourism businesses. This study was conducted with the aim of examining the role of rural capital in the formation, development, and sustainability of small tourism enterprises in target villages of Zanjan Province. The research is descriptive-analytical and applied in nature. Data was collected using both documentary and field methods. The sample community consists of eight target tourism villages in Zanjan Province. Out of a total of 8,812 rural households in the sample area, the sample size was calculated as 327 households using Cochran's formula, and participants were selected using a random sampling method. To analyze the research data, various statistical tests such as the one-sample t-test, cluster analysis, chi-square homogeneity test, Spearman correlation, linear regression, and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test were employed. The findings indicate that natural, built (physical), and financial capital have had the greatest impact on the formation and sustainability of small tourism businesses. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between rural capital indicators and tourism businesses at the 99% confidence level. Among the sampled villages, Soukeh Riz, Shit, and Darsajin ranked highest in terms of human and institutional capital, natural capital, and financial-social capital, respectively. |
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