ارزیابی و تأثیر مؤلفههای سرمایه اجتماعی بر توانمندسازی زنان روستایی مطالعه موردی: دهستان شیان، شهرستان اسلام آباد غرب مشخصات
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعهوکیل حیدری ساربان 1 , سهیلا باختری 2 , وحید طالعی حور 3
1 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل
2 - کارشناس ارشد برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل
3 - کارشناس ارشد برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل
کلید واژه: سرمایه اجتماعی, توسعه روستایی, توسعه اجتماعی, توانمندسازی زنان, شهرستان اسلام آباد غرب,
چکیده مقاله :
سرمایه اجتماعی یکی از مهم‌ترین مفاهیم در حوزه علوم اجتماعی است که در علوم دیگر نیز کاربردی گسترده دارد و دارای ارتباط تنگاتنگی با توانمندسازی زنان است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر مؤلفههای سرمایه اجتماعی بر توانمندسازی زنان روستایی انجام شده است. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و بر اساس ماهیت توصیفی- تحلیلی است. گردآوری دادهها به دو روش کتابخانهای و میدانی (پرسش‌نامه و مصاحبه) بوده است. روایی صوری پرسش‌نامه به وسیله پانل کارشناسان مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. جهت تعیین پایایی، تعداد 35 پرسش‌نامه در منطقه توزیع شد که مقدار آن برای کل بخشها بر اساس آلفای کرونباخ 74/0 برآورد شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش زنان 13 روستای دهستان شیان با جمعیت 3329 نفر است. حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول کوکران 355 نفر برآورد شد که پراکندگی تعداد نمونهها در روستاها به صورت طبقهای و به نسبت جمعیت آن‌ها بوده است. نتایج بدست آمده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نشان دهنده این است که بین سرمایه اجتماعی و توانمندسازی زنان رابطه مثبت و معنیدار وجود دارد. نتایج رگرسیون چند متغیره نیز نشان داد مؤلفههای اعتماد، مشارکت و انسجام 42/0 از تغییرات توانمندسازی زنان را تبیین میکند. بر اساس آزمون فریدمن نیز مؤلفه خودتعیینی از بین مؤلفههای توانمندسازی دارای رتبه بالاتری است
Social capital is one of the most important concepts in the social science that it is widely used in other sciences and has a close relationship with women's empowerment. The present research was conducted to study the effects of social capital components on the empowerment of rural women. This study is application from objective aspect and descriptive- analytical from nature aspect. The data was gathered by library and field studies through questionnaires and interviews. Superficial validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. To determine the reliability, the number of 35 questionnaires was distributed in the region and the rate for the whole sector was estimated 0.74 by Cronbach's alpha. The study population consisted of 3329 women in 13 villages of Shiyan rural district. The sample size was estimated 370 people based on the Cochran formula that the distribution of the number of samples in villages have been classificatory and in proportion to their population. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicates that there is a significant and positive relationship between social capital and empowering women. Also result of multivariate Regression indicate components of trust, partnership and solidarity explain 0.42 of changes in women's empowerment. Also according to Friedman test the component of self - determination has highest rank among empowerment components.
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