مقایسۀ ارزش‌های والدینی، رضایت والدینی و بهزیستی بر اساس سطح رفاه ادراک‌شده در والدین

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

سیده فاطمه موسوی ¹ (دکترای روان‌شناسی، دانشیار گروه روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، پژوهشکدۀ زنان، دانشگاه الزهرا(س)، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/09/29 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/06/07 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/08/01

کلید واژه: بهزیستی, سطح رفاه, ارزش‌های والدینی, رضایت والدینی,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسۀ ارزش‌های والدینی، رضایت والدینی و بهزیستی در والدین ساکن مناطق مختلف شهر تهران انجام شد. روش: روش پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع علّی-مقایسه‌ای است. جامعۀ پژوهش حاضر دوگروه از پدران و مادران ساکن شهر تهران بودند که از آن میان تعداد 447 والد (225 مادر و 222 پدر) به روش دردسترس از نقاط مختلف شمال، جنوب، مرکز، شرق و غرب شهر تهران انتخاب شدند و از حیث سطح رفاه ادراک‌شده به سه گروه برخوردار، غیربرخوردار و متوسط دسته‌بندی شدند. ابزارهای سنجش شامل پرسشنامۀ اهداف و ارزش‌ها در بزرگسالان (سوئیزو، 2007) با ضرایب همسانی درونی در دامنه 94/0-60/0، شاخص بهزیستی سازمان بهداشت جهانی (WHO-5) با ضرایب همسانی درونی در محدودۀ 94/0-92/0، مقیاس رضایت والدینی کانزاس (جیمز و همکاران، 1985) با آلفای کرونباخ در دامنه 85/0-82/0 بود. یافته‌ها: نتایج حاصل از آزمون تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره نشان داد سه گروه غیربرخوردار، متوسط و برخوردار در پرورش ارزش‌های سنت و همنوایی، قدرت و پیشرفت، ارتباط با دیگران، سخاوتمندی و خیرخواهی، منحصربه‌فردبودن و دینداری در فرزندانشان و نیز میزان رضایت از نقش والدینی ِخود ‏با یکدیگر تفاوت معنادار داشته، اما در بهزیستی با یکدیگر تفاوت آماری معناداری نداشتند (01/0>p). نتایج آزمون تعقیبی نشان داد گروه برخوردار به پرورش ارزش­های همنوایی، پیشرفت، خیرخواهی و منحصربه­فردبودن اهمیت داده و رضایت والدینی بیش‌تری داشتند و گروه غیربرخوردار به پرورش ارزش دینداری در فرزندانشان اهمیت می­دادند. نتیجه‌گیری: سطح رفاه ادراک‌شدۀ خانواده‌ها می‌تواند به عنوان یکی از عوامل مؤثر بر اولویت‌دهی به ارزش‌های فرزندپروری و رضایت والدین از والدگری مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Introduction: This study was administrated to compare parental values, satisfaction, and psychological well-being in parents living in Tehran.
Materials and Method: The research method is descriptive and causal-comparative. The participants included, 447 parents (225 mothers and 222 fathers) who were selected by convenience from different regions of Tehran (north, south, center, east, and west) and categorized into different disadvantaged, average and relatively prosperous based on perceived welfare in the neighborhood. Assessment tools included the Adult Goals and Values Questionnaire with internal consistency in the range of .60-.94, (Suizo, 2007), the WHO Well-being Index ) with internal consistency in the range of .92-.94, and the Kansas Parental Satisfaction Scale (James et al., 1985) with Cronbach's alpha in the range of .82-.85.
Results: The results of MANOVA showed that three groups of parents residing in disadvantaged, average, and relatively prosperous regions had significant differences in the values of tradition and conformity, power and achievement, related to others, generosity and benevolence, separateness, and parental satisfaction, but had no significant difference in psychological well-being (p < .01). The results also showed that parents living in relatively prosperous regions were more likely to nurture values of conformity, achievement, benevolence, and separateness. They had higher parental satisfaction, and parents living in disadvantaged regions focused on religious values in their children.
Conclusion: The perceived level of economic affordability of families can be considered one of the factors affecting the prioritization of parenting values and parental satisfaction with parenthood.

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