تأثیر حس تعلق در باززندهسازی محلات ناکارآمد شهری( مطالعه موردی محله خاک سفید منطقه چهار شهرتهران)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
غلامرضا سلطانی تهرانی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی رشته جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،واحد علوم و تحقیقات ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران،ایران)
علی توکلان
2
(استادیارجغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،واحد علوم و تحقیقات،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران ،ایران)
پروانه زیویار
3
(دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،واحد یادگارامام (ره)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران،ایران)
کلید واژه: امنیت, . کلیدواژه ها : باززنده سازی, پویایی, سرزندگی:حس تعلق,
چکیده مقاله :
یکی از مهمترین شاخصه‌های ارتباط انسان با محیط، حس تعلق به مکان است که در راستای تداوم حضور انسان در مکان نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای دارد. تعلق به مکان که بر پایه حس مکان به وجود می‌آید فراتر از آگاهی از استقرار در یک مکان است. بافت‌های فرسوده شهری به دلیل ارزش‌های تاریخی-فرهنگی نیازمند حفظ، احترام و بازآفرینی است و احساس تعلق خاطر به مکان در بین ساکنین بافت‌های فرسوده و کهن سبب پایداری آن، در ابعاد مختلف می‌گردد. امروزه ضرورت شناخت مؤلفه‌های تأثیرگذار بر کیفیت فضا‌های شهری به منظورپاسخگویی به نیاز‌های شهروندان در راستای ارتقای سطح تعاملات اجتماعی آن‌ها، بیش از پیش مهم جلوه می‌نماید. آشنا پنداری شهروند با محل سکونتش در فرآیندی از تجربه و آموزش ایجاد شده و تفاوت حس مکانی در اشخاص در شهر‌ها و بافت‌های مختلف نتیجه تفاوت تجربیات حاصل از فعالیت‌ها و فضا‌ها است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تأثیرحس تعلق به مکان در باززندهسازی محلات فرسوده محله خاک سفید تهران است روش تحقیق، به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی وبه لحاظ ماهیت وروش از نوع توصیفی است. برای تعیین حجم نمونه از فرمول کوکران استفاده شد. پس از دسته‌بندی داده‌ها، در جهت اثبات فرضیات تحقیق و تحلیل‌ها از SPSS استفاده شده است که علی رغم فرسودگی بافت محله حس تعلق به مکان، امنیت، پویایی وسرزندگی در محله قابل مشاهده است. می‌توان چنین نتیجه گرفت این مؤلفه‌ها، موجب پیشبرد اهداف باززندهسازی بافت‌های فرسوده محله خواهند شد.
The process of regeneration of Derelict Fabric is done to revitalize, modernize, and enhance the quality of the environment to achieve a desirable future and to address future issues of urbanization and urban life in order to have a viable city and neighborhood. Sustainable city, in a simple definition, is a city that has the components of security, dynamism and vitality and also provides safe and attractive housing, education, health and culture for citizens. Among the different qualities expressed by different theorists in terms of spaces responsive to user needs can be security, dynamics and vitality. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of security, safety and vitality components on the regeneration process of worn-out neighborhoods in the White Soil neighborhood of Chahar-e-Tehran. The data were collected using a questionnaire which was used to assess its validity by Cronbach's alpha method, whose reliability was confirmed by 0.831. To determine the sample size, Cochran formula was used and 321 questionnaires were calculated and distributed among the residents of 69458 white soil neighborhoods. Then, data were extracted and categorized. In the Findings section, according to the tables, the variables related to the indicators of effective safety and vitality have the highest to moderate acceptance. In spite of the exhaustion of neighborhood texture, security and vitality can be seen in the neighborhood. In other words, it can be concluded that security, dynamism and vitality will advance the goals of regeneration and enhance the process of regeneration of worn-out neighborhoods.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
The feeling of belonging to a place in ancient tissues has always been the most important factor for its durability and stability, both physically and functionally, and semantically and memory-wise. Spatial affiliation refers to a cognitive relationship with a particular environment or space, and in fact attachment to a place is a symbolic relationship created by individuals to a place that gives common emotional, emotional and cultural meanings to a particular space. (Altman & Low, 1992) A spatial place is an identity-building, relative, and historical that never completely disappears. Residential neighborhoods are one of the oldest urban heritage that the sense of belonging of residents makes it sustainable. Users are stated, we can refer to the quality components of the urban environment (sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism and vitality). Among the different definitions of these environmental qualities, it is emphasized that these components indicate the dynamism and vibrancy of the space, and as a result, that space will be suitable for the presence and activity of users. Therefore, these environmental qualities seem to increase the sense of environmental belonging, and through this, among the diverse range of qualities of urban spaces, the mentioned components are undoubtedly one of the influential qualities in creating space (Lynch. 1997.307) )Today, urban and citizenship issues have become the most important issues affecting the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of human life. Before this period, the city was important in its general sense, but in the contemporary period, this importance has been perceived by a wider range of people. Therefore, addressing the new theories of the city, each with the aim of solving urban problems, improving the quality and quantity of life of citizens in cities, improving the quality of the city environment, city management, advancing the city to become more desirable, etc. It is more important than ever. Viability, which ensures sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism and vitality, is divided into three interrelated dimensions: the economy, society and the environment. If the function of any of these three dimensions is disrupted, human settlements can quickly deteriorate, resulting in declining population, poverty, social conflict, and rising health and environmental issues. (Khorasani, 2011:35) In general, a livable city includes a diverse set of characteristics: sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism, vitality and participation. If urban areas do not have viability factors, the only motivation for new residents is to have a shelter, and despite many cultural differences, they live in this part of the city due to low housing prices. Therefore, due to the feeling of separation and alienation from neighbors and residents, it suffers from confusion and confusion, and consequently, social, economic and cultural instability occurs in these neighborhoods.
Methodology
The research method of this article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. Its purpose is to evaluate the Sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism and vitality situation in Khak-e-Sefid neighborhood of Tehran's Chahar district based on the explained indicators. The statistical population studied in this study are residents of Khak-e-Sefid neighborhood, located in the sixth district of Tehran's four municipalities. According to the latest census in 2016, Khak-e-Sefid or Golshan neighborhood has a population of 69,458 people. Thus, the Sense of belonging to a place of the neighborhood is assessed using field data collection (distribution of a questionnaire among the residents of the studied neighborhood). Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size. 321 questionnaires were calculated for the population of 69458 people in Khak-e-Sefid neighborhood and distributed among the residents. To evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, the views of experts, experts and city managers were used. In this study, Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the measurement tool. Cronbach's alpha obtained in this study was 0.831, which indicates that the reliability coefficient is at an acceptable level. Finally, after analyzing the information through SPSS method, finally based on the obtained results, recommendations to improve the performance of neighborhood spaces in order to improve its vitality and sense of belonging to a place and the effect of security, dynamism and vitality on the regeneration of Khak-e-Sefid neighborhood with emphasis on using The model of sustainable neighborhood development will be presented.
Results and discussion
To achieve the purpose of the research and answer the main question of the research on whether the components of sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism and compatibility affect the regeneration of problematic tissues, the variables and indicators that were in the form of a questionnaire were provided to the statistical community. The respondents are residents of Khak-e-Sefid neighborhood of Chahar city of Tehran. Due to the high population of the neighborhood, the sampling method and determining the sample size were used to study the area through the Cochran's formula and 321 questionnaires were distributed among residents. Considering that the components of sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism and adaptation in each city, region and neighborhood are affected by the three dimensions of social, economic and environmental cities that constitute the indicators of urban livability, the response of neighborhood residents to each of the variables The trivia of livability is given in tables in the text of the article.
Conclusion
In answer to the research question, ie the components of sense of belonging to a place security, dynamism and compatibility affect the regeneration of problematic tissues, it should be said that what is effective in the sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism and vitality of an urban neighborhood are things that can result in referring to urban space as a destination. In other words, coming to space and staying in it can make the space safe and lively and lead to the accumulation of memory. According to the results obtained from the tables and analysis of the percentage of frequency variables of livability dimensions, each of which has a high impact on creating sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism and vitality of the neighborhood environment. It is observed that the variables related to the indicators affecting safety and well-being, especially the variables related to the indicators of "recreation and leisure", "cohesion and belonging", "individual and social security" and "participation and solidarity" have the highest to moderate acceptance. It can be concluded that the more livable the neighborhoods and residential areas of cities and of course have the components of sense of belonging to a place, security, dynamism and vitality, the goals and results of urban regeneration and regeneration projects are achieved more quickly and the neighborhoods and residential areas of their past originality are comfortable They will gain more principles.
References
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