مرور نظام‌مند مقالات منتشر شده با موضوع «طراحی محیطی برای کاهش جُرم» در فضاهای شهری ایـران (1398ـ 1378)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
علیرضا محمدی
1
(استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
کلید واژه: مقالات علمی ـ پژوهشی, طراحی محیطی برای کاهش جُرم, شهرهای ایران, مرور نظام‌مند,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش مرور نظام‌مند مقالات فارسی منتشر شده در نشریات علمی - پژوهشی فارسی با موضوع طراحی محیطی برای پیشگیری از جُرم (سپتد ) است. در این پژوهش که از نوع مقطعی و اسنادی است، مقالات منتشر شده طی 20 سال اخیر (98-1378) با استفاده از چک لیست استاندارد جی. بی. آی غربال شده است. در نهایت با استفاده از 8 معیار جی. بی. آی. ، تعداد 38 مقاله انتخاب و در تحلیل نهایی وارد شده‌اند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند بیش از 80 درصد مقالات «سپتد» از سال 1390 به این سو، منتشر شده‌اند. واحدهای دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی با انتشار 8 مقاله (21.05 درصد) و نشریه‌های مدیریت شهری و پژوهشنامة نظم و امنیت انتظامی هر کدام با انتشار 3 مقاله (7.87 درصد)، بیشترین سهم را در انتشار مقالات با موضوع «سپتد» داشته‌اند. از بین مقالات منتشر شده، 45.73 با استفاده از روش اسنادی تهیه شده‌اند. در 44.73 درصد از مقالات، شهر به عنوان محدوده مطالعاتی انتخاب شده است. رشته‌های جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری با انتشار 13 مقاله (34.21 درصد)، معماری با 11 مقاله (28.95 درصد) و شهرسازی با 7 مقاله (18.42 درصد)، بیشترین سهم را در تولید مقالات داشته‌اند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که دستة اول از مطالعات (اسنادی)، به معرفی و تشریح «سپتد» پرداخته‌اند. دستة دوم مقالات (پیمایشی) تلاش کرده‌اند از «سپتد» برای اندازه‌گیری میزان امنیت فضاهای شهری استفاده کنند و دستة سوم تلاش کرده‌اند آن را به عنوان یک راهنمای استاندارد شهرسازی تجویز کنند. نتیجه این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد، اغلب مقالات به تکرار، به معرفی «سپتد» ، اصول و نظریه‌های پیرامونِ آن پرداخته‌اند و نظریه‌پردازی مستقل و بومی انجام نشده است. مطالعات آتی می‌توانند به بسط نظریه‌های بومی شهرسازی برای برای کاربست این موضوع در حوزة شهرسازی ایران، متمرکز شوند.
The aim of this study was to systematically review the Persian papers published in the Persian scientific-research journals on the topic of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED). In this cross-sectional and documentary study, articles published over the last 20 years (1999-2020) have been screened using the standard checklist of The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Finally, using 8 JBI criteria, 38 articles were selected and included in the final analysis. The findings show that more than %80 of CPTED articles have been published since 2011. Islamic Azad University units with the publication of 8 articles (%21.05) and Urban Management and Law Enforcement Affairs Journals with the publication of 3 articles (%7.87) had the highest share in the article’s publication on "CPTED". Of the all published articles, 45/73 were prepared by documentary method. In %44.73 of the articles, the city was selected as the study area. Geography and urban planning had the highest share in article production with 13 articles (%34.21), architecture with 11 articles (%28.95) and urban planning with 7 articles (%18.42). The findings indicate that the first set of (documentary) studies have introduced and described "CPTED". Second-hand articles (surveys) have attempted to use "CPTED" to measure the security of urban spaces, and a third has attempted to prescribe it as a standard urban planning guide. The results of this study show that most articles have repeatedly introduced CPTED, its principles and theories surrounding it, and indigenous and independent theorizing has not been conducted. Future studies can focus on expanding indigenous theories of urban planning to apply this theme in the field of urban planning in Iran.
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