ارزیابی سیستم های خاک ورزی حفاظتی و مدیریت علف های هرز بر عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات کدوی آجیلی Cucurbita pepo L
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
سیدمرتضی شکارلو
1
(دانشجوي دکتراي زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزي، واحد خوي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خوي، ايران)
ساسان رضادوست
2
(عضو هيات علمي گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزي، واحد خوي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خوي، ايران)
فرزاد جلیلی
3
(عضو هيات علمي گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزي، واحد خوي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خوي، ايران)
کلید واژه: خاک¬ورزی حفاظتی, عملکرد بیولوژیکی, عملکرد روغن, عملکرد پروتئین, عملکرد دانه,
چکیده مقاله :
این تحقیق به منظور ارزیابی سیستم های خاک ورزی حفاظتی و روش های مدیریت علف های هرز در قالب طرح کرت های خرد شده بر پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شهرستان هاي خوي و ماكو در سال زراعي 99-1398 اجرا شد. کرت اصلی شامل خاک ورزی حفاظتی در چهار سطح شامل (شخم متداول، شخم صفر، چیزل، دیسک) و کرت فرعی مدیریت علف های هرز در چهار سطح شامل (مصرف علف کش، عاری از علف هرز، بدون کنترل و شاهد) بودند. بیشترین تعداد دانه (۲۱۱)، عملکرد بیولوژیکی (7/62 تن در هکتار)، عملکرد روغن (83/33 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد پروتئین (34/6 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در منطقه خوی مشاهده شد و کمترین تعداد دانه (114)، عملکرد بیولوژیکی (1/10 تن در هکتار)، عملکرد روغن (19/7 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد پروتئین (1/66 کیلوگرم در هکتار) تحت تأثیر دیسک و تیمار بدون کنترل علف‌های هرز در منطقه ماکو بود. همچنین، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (828 کیلوگرم در هکتار) تحت تأثیر تیمارهای چیزل و عاری از علف هرز و کمترین آن (756 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار دیسک و بدون کنترل علف هرز مشاهده گردید. به طورکلی، مقایسه میانگین تیمارهای آزمایشی حاکی از برتری تیمار خاک ورزی با چیزل و مدیریت علف های هرز (عاری از علف هرز) در منطقه خوي بوده و به نظر مي رسد در سيستم هاي زراعي جهت حفظ پتانسيل عملكرد محصول و بهبود مديريت تلفيقي علف هاي هرز، انجام عمليات خاك ورزي حداقل و کنترل علف هاي هرز قابل توصيه است.
This study was conducted to evaluate conservation tillage systems and weed management methods in the form of split plot design based on randomized complete blocks with 3 replications in Khoy and Maku counties in 2019-2020 crop year. The main plot included conservation tillage at Four levels including (conventional tillage, zero tillage, chisel, disc) and the sub-plot of weed management at Four levels included (herbicide use, weed-free, uncontrolled and control). The highest number of seeds (211), biological yield (7.62 t.ha-1), oil yield (83.33 kg.ha-1) and protein yield (34.6kg.ha-1) were observed in Khoy region and the lowest number of seeds (114), biological yield (1.01 t.ha-1), oil yield (19.7 kg.ha-1) and protein yield (1.66 kg.ha-1) under the influence of disc and weed-free treatment in Maku region Was. Also, the highest grain yield (828 kg.ha-1) was observed under the influence of chisel and weed-free treatments and the lowest (756 kg.ha-1) was observed in disc treatment without weed control. In general, the comparison of the average experimental treatments indicates the superiority of tillage treatment with chisel and weed management (weed-free) in Khoy region and it seems that in crop systems to maintain crop yield potential and improve integrated weed management Weeding, minimal tillage operations and weed control are recommended.
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