اثر میزان بذر مصرفی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد چند رقم جو دیم در شرایط آب و هوایی مراغه

محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

بهمن عبدالرحمنی ¹ , علیرضا توکلی ²

1 - مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران
2 - مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/01/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/03/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/06/01

کلید واژه:  مناطق سردسیر,  آبیدر,  ترکم بوته,  دایتون,  سهند,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده جهت تعیین مناسب‌ترین میزان بذر مصرفی و رقم جو در مناطق سردسیر، پژوهشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار طی دو سال زراعی 1392-1390 در مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، ایستگاه مراغه انجام شد. در این پژوهش سه رقم جو سهند، آبیدر و دایتون در سه میزان 300، 400 و 500 بذر در متر مربع مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. رقم آبیدر از نظر وزن هزار دانه، درصد پوشش سبز، شاخص بهره‌وری بارش، عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه نسبت به سایر ارقام برتری داشت. هم چنین تراکم 400 بذر در متر مربع به علت بهبود صفات درجه باردهی، شاخص بهره‌وری بارش، عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه، تراکم بهینه شناخته شد. اثر متقابل رقم در میزان بذر از لحاظ وزن هزار دانه، شاخص برداشت، درجه باردهی، شاخص بهره‌وری بارش و عملکرد دانه، ارتفاع بوته، درصد پوشش سبز در مرحله گلدهی و تعداد دانه در سنبله معنی‌دار بود. سهند در تراکم 500، آبیدر و دایتون در تراکم 400 بذر در متر مربع بیشترین عملکرد را داشتند. در مجموع، رقم آبیدر با تراکم کاشت 400 بذر در متر مربع بیشترین درصد پوشش سبز در مرحله گلدهی، شاخص برداشت، درجه باردهی، شاخص بهره‌وری بارش، عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه را داشت و از این لحاظ برای کشت پاییزه جو دیم در منطقه مراغه و نیز سایر مناطق آب و هوایی مشابه قابل توصیه است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract    To achieve the suitable seed rate and barley cultivar in cold regions, a research was conducted as factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications during 2013- 2015 at Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh Station, Iran. Three barley cultivars of Sahand, Abidar and Dayton were evaluated in 300, 400, and 500 seeds/m2 seed rates. Abidar was better than others in thousand kernel weight, green cover percentage, rainfall productivity index, and biological and grain yields. Also, the seed rate of 400 seeds/m2 was the best regarding better productivity degree, rainfall productivity index, and biological and grain yields. Interaction between cultivar and seed rate was significant in thousand kernel weight, harvest index,  productivity degree,  rainfall productivity index, grain yield, plant height, green cover percentage in flowering stage and grains number in spike. Sahad in 500, and Abidar and Dayton in 400 seeds/m2 seed rates had the highest yield. On the whole, Abidar in 400 seeds/m2 seed rate had the most green cover percentage in flowering stage, harvest index, productivity degree, rainfall productivity index, biological and grain yield, thus could be recommended for rainfed barley fall cultivation in Maragheh and other similar regions.

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