واکنش ارقام گندم با عادات رشدی متفاوت به تاریخ کاشت در منطقه معتدل مبارکه اصفهان
محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعیفرود بذرافشان 1 , نجمه ضیایی قهنویه 2 , داوود افیونی 3 , امید علیزاده 4 , مهدی زارع 5
1 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد فیروزاباد
2 - زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد فیروزآباد
3 - مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی اصفهان
4 - گروه شناسایی و مبارزه با علف های هرز، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران
5 - زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزآباد
کلید واژه: دیرکاشت, زودکاشت, تیپ رشدی, کاشت تأخیری, کاشت زودهنگام,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور تعیین اثر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد شش رقم گندم با عادت‌های رشد متفاوت، پژوهشی در دو سال زراعی 1395-1396 و 1397-1396 به صورت کرت-های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شهرستان مبارکه اصفهان انجام شد. سه تاریخ کاشت 20 مهر، 20 آبان و 20 آذر به عنوان تاریخ کاشت‌های زود هنگام، معمول و تأخیری در نظر گرفته شدند. ارقام گندم شامل پیشگام و الوند با عادت‌های رشد بینابین، زارع و حیدری با عادت رشدی زمستانه و سیروان و پیشتاز با عادت رشدی بهاره بودند. زودکاشت ارقام با عادت رشدی بهاره و زمستانه موجب افزایش عملکرد و تأخیر در کاشت موجب افت آن شد. عملکرد ارقام با تیپ رشدی بینابین در تاریخ‌های کاشت 20 مهرماه و 20 آبان‌ماه تفاوت معنی‌داری با هم نداشت اما تأخیر در کاشت موجب افت عملکرد در این ارقام شد. بنابراین، توصیه می‌گردد در منطقه معتدله مبارکه اصفهان، ارقام با عادت رشد بهاره و زمستانه و ارقام با رشد بینابین از اواسط مهرماه تا اواسط آبان‌ماه کاشته شده و از تأخیر در کاشت آنها پرهیز گردد.
To determine the effect of planting date on yield and yield components of six wheat cultivars with different growth types, a research was conducted in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications during two growing seasons of 2016 and 2017 in Mobarakeh region, Iran. Three planting dates of 12 October, 11 November and 11 December were considered as early, usual, and delay planting dates, respectively. Wheat cultivars were Pishgam and Alvand with mid-growth habit, Zare and Heidari with winter habit and Pishtaz and Sirvan with spring growth habit. Early and delay planting cultivars with spring and winter growth habits resulted in yield increasing and decreasing, respectively. The yield of cultivars with intermediate growth type had no significant differences in planting dates of 12 October and 11 November, but the delay in planting caused the loss of yield in these cultivars. Therefore, it is recommended to plant cultivars with spring and winter growth habits and cultivars with intermediate growth type from mid-October to mid-November in the temperate region of Mobarakeh and to avoid delay in planting them.
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