اثر تمرینات هوازی بر میتوفاژی میتوکندریایی
محورهای موضوعی : میکروبیولوژی
فرانک امینی
1
,
محمدعلی آذربایجانی
2
,
شاهین ریاحی
3
,
لیدا مرادی
4
1 -
2 - 2- گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
3 - 3- گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد تهران شرق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ، ایران
4 - گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ، ایران
کلید واژه: میتوفاژی, تمرینات هوازی, فشار اکسایشی, التهاب, آپوپتوز,
چکیده مقاله :
میتوکندری یکی از اندامک های پویای سلولی بوده که اختلال در عملکردش موجب تضعیف عملکرد سلول و در نهایت مرگ سلولی می گردد. میتوفاژی اتوفاژی انتخابی میتوکندری های آسیب بوده که به واسطه حذف میتوکندری های ناکارآمد موجب بهبود عملکرد های بیولوژیک سلولی می گردد. مسیر سیگنالینگ PINK1–Parkinاز مهمترین مسیر های تنظیم میتوفاژی می باشد. اختلال در میتوفاژی دلیل اصلی بسیاری از بیماری های متابولیک، نورودیژنریتیو، سرطان ها و سالمندی می باشد. شواهد به دست آمده از مطالعات انسانی و حیوانی نشان می دهد تمرینات هوازی به واسطه تنظیم و فعال سازی مسیرهای سیگنالینگ، میتوفاژی میتوکندریایی را توسعه داده و موجب حفظ سلامتی در سطح سلول و به دنبال آن کاهش بروز بیماری ها می گردد. هرچند مکانیسم مولکولی دقیق اثر تمرینات هوازی در توسعه میتوفاژی میتوکندریایی مشخص نیست، اما نتایج مطالعه متعدد نشان می دهد کاهش فشار اکسایشی، التهاب، آپوپتوز و افزایش مایوکاین های ضد التهاب همراه با تمرینات هوازی منظم با فعال سازی مسیرهای سیگنالینگ میتوفاژیک به ویژه مسیر سیگنالینگ PINK1–Parkin، میتوفاژی را در بافتهای گوناگون و در شرایط سالمندی، چاقی، بی تحرکی و اختلالات متابولیک تنظیم نموده و از توسعه بیماری های متعدد جلوگیری می نماید. نقش تنظیمی تمرینات هوازی بر میتوفاژی تاکید کننده کارایی این تمرینات بر محافظت بافتی و توسعه سلامتی می باشد.
Mitochondria is one of the dynamic organelles in the cell, the dysfunction of which weakens the function of the cell and ultimately causes cell death. Mitophagy is the selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria, which improves cell biological functions by removing dysfunctional mitochondria. The PINK1-Parkin signaling pathway is one of the most important mitophagy regulation pathways. The PINK1-Parkin signaling pathway is one of the most important mitophagy regulation pathways. Disruption of mitophagy is the main cause of many metabolic, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers and aging. The evidence obtained from human and animal studies shows that aerobic exercise develops mitochondrial mitophagy by regulating and activating signaling pathways and maintains health at the cell level, thereby reducing the incidence of diseases. Although the exact molecular mechanism of the effect of aerobic exercise on the development of mitochondrial mitophagy is not known, the results of several studies show a reduction in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and an increase in anti-inflammatory myokines along with regular aerobic exercise by activating mitophagic signaling pathways, especially the PINK1 signaling pathway. -Parkin regulates mitophagy in various tissues and in the conditions of old age, obesity, inactivity and metabolic disorders and prevents the development of many diseases. The regulatory role of aerobic exercises on mitophagy emphasizes the effectiveness of these exercises on tissue protection and health development.
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