اثر تمرینات هوازی بر میتوفاژی میتوکندریایی
الموضوعات :
فرانک امینی
1
,
محمدعلی آذربایجانی
2
,
شاهین ریاحی
3
,
لیدا مرادی
4
1 -
2 - 2- گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
3 - 3- گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد تهران شرق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ، ایران
4 - گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: میتوفاژی, تمرینات هوازی, فشار اکسایشی, التهاب, آپوپتوز,
ملخص المقالة :
میتوکندری یکی از اندامک های پویای سلولی بوده که اختلال در عملکردش موجب تضعیف عملکرد سلول و در نهایت مرگ سلولی می گردد. میتوفاژی اتوفاژی انتخابی میتوکندری های آسیب بوده که به واسطه حذف میتوکندری های ناکارآمد موجب بهبود عملکرد های بیولوژیک سلولی می گردد. مسیر سیگنالینگ PINK1–Parkinاز مهمترین مسیر های تنظیم میتوفاژی می باشد. اختلال در میتوفاژی دلیل اصلی بسیاری از بیماری های متابولیک، نورودیژنریتیو، سرطان ها و سالمندی می باشد. شواهد به دست آمده از مطالعات انسانی و حیوانی نشان می دهد تمرینات هوازی به واسطه تنظیم و فعال سازی مسیرهای سیگنالینگ، میتوفاژی میتوکندریایی را توسعه داده و موجب حفظ سلامتی در سطح سلول و به دنبال آن کاهش بروز بیماری ها می گردد. هرچند مکانیسم مولکولی دقیق اثر تمرینات هوازی در توسعه میتوفاژی میتوکندریایی مشخص نیست، اما نتایج مطالعه متعدد نشان می دهد کاهش فشار اکسایشی، التهاب، آپوپتوز و افزایش مایوکاین های ضد التهاب همراه با تمرینات هوازی منظم با فعال سازی مسیرهای سیگنالینگ میتوفاژیک به ویژه مسیر سیگنالینگ PINK1–Parkin، میتوفاژی را در بافتهای گوناگون و در شرایط سالمندی، چاقی، بی تحرکی و اختلالات متابولیک تنظیم نموده و از توسعه بیماری های متعدد جلوگیری می نماید. نقش تنظیمی تمرینات هوازی بر میتوفاژی تاکید کننده کارایی این تمرینات بر محافظت بافتی و توسعه سلامتی می باشد.
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