اثر پیش تیمار پراکسیدهیدروژن و محلول‌پاشی مس بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد کمی ذرت هیبرید سینگل کراس 704 تحت تنش کمبود آب
محورهای موضوعی :
عبداله ایاران
1
(گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران)
محمدرضا دادنیا
2
(Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran)
مجتبی علوی فاضل
3
(گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز)
شهرام لک
4
(هیات علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز و رئیس دانشگاه ازد اسلا می واحد اهواز)
طیب ساکی نژاد
5
(گروه فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه آزاد، اهواز، ایران)
کلید واژه: ارتفاع بوته, عملکرد دانه, قطع آبیاری, کاتالاز, کاروتنوئید و کلروفیل a,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد پیش تیمار پراکسیدهیدروژن و محلول‌پاشی مس بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد کمی ذرت تحت تنش کمبود آب، آزمایشی به صورت کرت¬های دو بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي با چهار تکرار طی سال¬های زراعی 97-1396 و 98-1397 در مزرعه¬ای واقع در شهرستان باغملک اجرا شد. کرت اصلی رژیم آبیاری با 4 سطح نرمال، قطع آبیاری 40 ، 55 و 70 روز بعد از ظهور تاسل، کرت فرعی محلول‌پاشی مس با دو سطح شاهد و 30/0 کیلوگرم خالص در هکتار از منبع سولفات مس 50 درصد 25 روز بعد از ظهور تاسل و کرت فرعی فرعی تیمار بذر با پراکسید هیدروژن با 3 سطح شاهد،30 و 60 میلی‌مولار بود. نتایج نشان داد که برهم‌کنش سه‌گانه رژیم آبیاری، محلول‌پاشی مس و پراکسیدهیدروژن بر محتوی کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، کارتنوئید کل، فعالیت کاتالازی، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در ردیف و عملکرد دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی¬دار بود. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته و تعداد دانه در ردیف از تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی مس و کاربرد 60 میلی‌مولار پراکسیدهیدروژن در شرایط آبیاری نرمال حاصل شد. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد دانه (07/9530 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و محلول‌پاشی مس و کاربرد 60 میلی‌مولار پراکسیدهیدروژن حاصل شد که نسبت به قطع آبیاری 40 روز بعد از ظهور تاسل و عدم محلول‌پاشی مس و عدم کاربرد پراکسیدهیدروژن حدود 42 درصد افزایش نشان داد. فعالیت کاتالازی در شرایط قطع آبیاری 40 روز بعد از ظهور تاسل و محلول‌پاشی مس و کاربرد 30 میلی‌مولار پراکسیدهیدروژن حدود 67 درصد نسبت به شرایط آبیاری نرمال و شاهد افزایش یافت. به¬طور کلی نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی مس و کاربرد 60 میلی‌مولار پراکسیدهیدروژن در شرایط رطوبتی مناسب می¬تواند موجب افزایش مقدار کلروفیل، عملکرد دانه و در کل بهبود تولید ذرت شود.
In order to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and copper foliar application on some physiological traits and quantitative yield of corn under water deficit stress, a Split split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications, plants were planted in during two years (2017-19) in Baghmalek. The main plot of the irrigation regime with 4 normal levels, stopping irrigation 40, 55 and 70 days after the appearance of tassels, the sub-plot of copper foliar spraying with two control levels and 0.30 kg net per hectare from the source of copper sulfate 50% 25 days after the emergence of tassel and sub-plot of seed treatment with hydrogen peroxide with 3 control levels, 30 and 60 mM. The results showed that the triple interaction of irrigation regime, copper foliar application and hydrogen peroxide on chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b, total carotenoid, catalase activity, plant height, number of seeds in a row and seed yield was significant at the probability level of 1%. The highest plant height and the number of seeds in the row were obtained from copper foliar spraying treatments and the application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide under normal irrigation conditions. Also, the highest seed yield (9530.07 kg/ha) was obtained under normal irrigation conditions and copper foliar spraying and the application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide, which showed an increase of about 42% compared to the cessation of irrigation 40 days after the emergence of tassels and the absence of copper foliar spraying and the absence of hydrogen peroxide application. The activity of catalase increased by 67% in the condition of stopping irrigation 40 days after the appearance of tassel and copper foliar application and application of 30 mM hydrogen peroxide compared to normal and control irrigation conditions. In general, the results of the experiment showed that copper foliar spraying and application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide in suitable humidity conditions can increase chlorophyll content, grain yield and overall improvement of corn production.
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