اثر استفاده از کیلاتهای آلی روی، منگنز و کروم بر عملکرد و میکروفلور سکوم جوجههای گوشتی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری
ابوالقاسم رضاپور
1
(گروه علوم دامی، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران)
شهاب الدین قره ویسی
2
(گروه علوم دامی، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران)
کاوه جعفری خورشیدی
3
(گروه علوم دامی، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران)
روح الله عبدالله پور
4
(گروه علوم دامی، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران)
کلید واژه: جمعیت میکروبی, جوجههای گوشتی, ضریب تبدیل خوراک, کیلاتهای آلی, وزن بدن,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر استفاده از کیلاتهای آلی روی، منگنز و کروم بر عملکرد و جمعیت میکروبی سکوم جوجههای گوشتی پژوهش حاضر انجام شد. این مطالعه در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 420 قطعه جوجه یکروزه گوشتی سویه راس 308 در 7 تیمار، 5 تکرار و 15 پرنده در هر پن و به مدت 42 روز انجام شد. تیمارها عبارت از 1) کیلات روی، منگنز و کروم، 2) کیلات روی و منگنز، 3) کیلات روی و کروم، 4) کیلات منگنز و کروم، 5) کیلات منگنز، 6) کیلات روی و 7) کیلات کروم بودند. صفات عملکردی شامل مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک اندازهگیری شدند. در پایان آزمایش میکروفلور سکوم جوجههای گوشتی داده برداری شد. داده¬های جمع¬آوری شده با رویه LSmeans در نرم افزار آماری SAS آنالیز شدند. اثر کیلاتهای آلی بر وزن بدن در دوره آغازین و ضریب تبدیل خورک در دوره رشد معنی دار شد (05/0 > p). بیشترین مقدار افزایش وزن (6/176 گرم) در تیمار حاوی کیلات کروم و کمترین مقدار افزایش وزن (8/152 گرم) در تیمار حاوی کیلات روی مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقدار ضریب تبدیل خورک (1/1) در تیمار حاوی کیلات روی، منگنز و کروم و کمترین مقدار (0/1) در تیمار حاوی کیلات کروم مشاهده شد. اثر کیلاتهای آلی بر جمعیت E.coli سکوم جوجه های گوشتی معنی دار شد (05/0 > p). بیشترین (LogCFU/g 65/5) و کمترین (LogCFU/g 15/5) جمعیت باکتری E.coli به ترتیب در تیمارهای حاوی کیلات روی، منگنز و کروم و کیلات روی مشاهده شد. با توجه به بهبود صفات عملکرد و میکروفلور سکوم جوجههای گوشتی تحقیق حاضر، استفاده از کیلاتهای آلی قابل توصیه است.
To investigate the effect of using organic chelates of zinc, manganese, and chromium on the performance and microbial population of the caecum of broiler chickens, the present study was conducted. This study was conducted in a completely randomized design by 420-day-old broiler chickens of Ross 308 strain in 7 treatments, 5 repeats, and 15 birds per pen for 42 days. The treatments were 1) organic form of zinc, manganese, and chromium chelate, 2) organic form of zinc and manganese chelate, 3) organic form of zinc and chromium chelate, 4) organic form of manganese and chromium chelate, 5) organic form of manganese chelate, 6) organic form of zinc chelate and, 7) organic form of chromium chelate. Performance traits including feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were measured. At the end of the experiment, broiler chickens' cecum microflora was collected. Collected data were analyzed by LSmeans procedure in SAS statistical software. The effect of organic chelates on body weight in the initial period and feed conversion ratio in the growth period was significant (p < 0.05). The highest weight gain (176.6 grams) was observed in the treatment containing the organic form of chromium and the lowest weight gain (152.8 grams) was observed in the treatment containing the organic form of zinc. The highest value of feed conversion coefficient (1.1) was observed in the treatment containing the organic form of zinc, manganese, and chromium, and the lowest value (0.1) was observed in the treatment containing the organic form of chromium. The effect of organic chelates on the E. coli population of broiler cecum was significant (p < 0.05). The highest (5.65 LogCFU/g) and the lowest (5.15 LogCFU/g) E. coli bacteria populations were observed in treatments containing organic forms of zinc, manganese, and chromium and organic form of zinc, respectively. Considering the improvement of performance traits and cecum microflora of broiler chickens in this study, the use of organic chelates is recommended.
1. Abband M., Salarmoini M. 2012. Effects of different levels of chromium picolinate and oil extract of propolis on growth performance and immune response in broiler chicks under heat stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 22(4):105-115.
2. Aksu D.S., Aksu T., Ozsoy B., Baytok E. 2010. The effects of replacing inorganic with a lower level of organically complexed minerals (Cu, Zn and Mn) in broiler diets on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 23(8):1066-1072.
3. Banakar Moghadam M.R., Hajkhodadadi I., Ghasemi H.A., Khalt Abadi Farahani A.H. 2018. Effects of different form of manganese supplementation on performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters of broilers reared under summer temperature conditions. Animal Science Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 123:111-126. [In Persian].
4. Berenjian A., Sharifi S.D., Mohammadi Sangcheshmeh A., Ghazanfari S. 2015. The effect of physiological stress and addition of chromium nanoparticles to the diet on performance and qualitative traits of chicken meat of Japanese quails. Journal of Animal Production, 17(1):19-28.
5. Dibner J.J., Trehy M., Schasteen C.S., Hume J.A. 2004. Use of 2-hydroxy-4 (methylthio) butanoic acid (HMTBA) as a ligand for organic trace minerals. Poultry Science, 83(2):832-838.
6. Dong L., Li Y., Zhang Y., Zhang Y., Ren J., Zheng J., Yang Y. 2023. Effects of organic zinc on production performance, meat quality, apparent nutrient digestibility and gut microbiota of broilers fed low-protein diets. Scientific Reports, 13(1):10803-10817.
7. El-Shenawy A., Salim A.A., Gouda M.Y. 2022. Effects of nano zinc on growth performance, health status, and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella Kentucky. World's Veterinary Journal, 12(1):105-122.
8. Fatholahi A., Khalaji S., Hosseini F., Abbasi M. 2021. Nano-Bio zinc synthesized by Bacillus subtilis modulates broiler performance, intestinal morphology and expression of tight junction's proteins. Livestock Science, 251:104660.
9. Franklin S.B., Young M.B., Ciacciariello M. 2022. The impact of different sources of zinc, manganese, and copper on broiler performance and excreta output. Animals, 12:1067-1075.
10. Hoseini S.K., Sharifi S.D., Bagheri V., Ghazanfari S. 2020. Effect of particle size of chromium-methionine supplement on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality in broiler chicks under physiological stress. Animal Production Research, 9(3):31-45.
11. Jiménez Moreno E., Romero C., Berrocoso J., Frikha M., Gonzalez Mateos G. 2011. Effects of the inclusion of oat hulls or sugar beet pulp in the diet on gizzard characteristics, apparent ileal digestibility of nutrients, and microbial count in the ceca in 36 day old broilers reared on floor. Poultry Science, 90(1):153-155.
12. Ma W., Niu H., Feng J., Wang Y., Feng J. 2011. Effects of zinc glycine chelate on oxidative stress, contents of trace elements, and intestinal morphology in broilers. Biological Trace Element Research, 142:546-556.
13. Mohammadi M., Darman Kuhi H., Ghavi Hossein Zadeh N. 2019. Effects of mineral premix on performance, feathering score, tibia characteristics and minerals accumulation in serum and feather in broiler chicks. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 11(3):341-352.
14. Nafisi M., Rezaei M., Hoseini S.A., Kazemifard M. 2019. Effect of different forms of manganese, zinc and copper on performance, carcass characteristics and immune response broilers. Animal Production, 21(1):113-124.
15. Nguyen H.T.T., Kheravii S.K., Wu S.B., Roberts J.R., Swick R.A., Toghyani M. 2022. Sources and levels of copper affect liver copper profile, intestinal morphology and cecal microbiota population of broiler chickens fed wheat-soybean meal diets. Scientific Reports, 12(1):2249-2262.
16. Pimentel J.L., Cook M.E., Greger J.L. 1991. Immune response of chicks fed various levels of zinc. Poultry science, 70(4):947-954.
17. Reda F.M., El-Saadony M.T., El-Rayes T.K., Attia A.I., El-Sayed S.A., Ahmed S.Y., Alagawany M. 2021. Use of biological nano zinc as a feed additive in quail nutrition: biosynthesis, antimicrobial activity and its effect on growth, feed utilisation, blood metabolites and intestinal microbiota. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 20(1):324-335.
18. Richards J.D., Zhao J., Harrell R.J., Atwell C.A., Dibner J.J. 2010. Trace mineral nutrition in poultry and swine. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 23(11):1527-1534.
19. Sacranie A., Svihus B., Denstadli V., Moen B., Iji P.A., Choct M. 2012. The effect of insoluble fiber and intermittent feeding on gizzard development, gut motility, and performance of broiler chickens. Poultry science, 91(3):693-700.
20. Sahin K., Küçük O., Sahin N. 2001. Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on performance and plasma concentrations of insulin and corticosterone in laying hens under low ambient temperature. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 85(5‐6):142-147.
21. Sahin K., Sahin N., Onderci M., Gursu F., Cikim G. 2002. Optimal dietary concentration of chromium for alleviating the effect of heat stress on growth, carcass qualities, and some serum metabolites of broiler chickens. Biological Trace Element Research, 89:53-64.
22. Saracila M., Panaite T., Tabuc C., Soica C., Untea A., Ayasan T., Criste R.D. 2020. Dietary ascorbic acid and chromium supplementation for broilers reared under thermoneutral conditions vs. high heat stress. Scientific Papers-Animal Science Series: Lucrări Ştiinţifice-Seria Zootehnie, 73(1):41-47.
23. SAS. 2001. Statistical Analysis System User's Guide: Statistics. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
24. Solbi A., Rezaeipour V., Abdullahpour R., Gharahveysi S. 2021. Efficacy of lysophospholipids on growth performance, carcase, intestinal morphology, microbial population and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens fed different dietary oil sources. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 20(1):1612-1619
25. Tufarelli V., Laudadio V. 2017. Manganese and its role in poultry nutrition: an overview. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 5(6):749-754.
26. Vincent J.B. 2000. The biochemistry of chromium. The Journal of nutrition, 130(4):715-718.
27. Wang F., Lu L., Li S., Liu S., Zhang L., Yao J., Luo X. 2012. Relative bioavailability of manganese proteinate for broilers fed a conventional corn–soybean meal diet. Biological Trace Element Research, 146:181-186.
28. Xia M.S., Hu C.H., Xu Z.R. 2004. Effects of copper-bearing montmorillonite on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and intestinal microflora and morphology of male broilers. Poultry Science, 83(11):1868-1875.
29. Yausheva Е., Miroshnikov S., Sizova Е. 2018. Intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens after use of nanoparticles and metal salts. Environmental science and pollution research, 25(18):18109-18120.
30. Yusof H.M., Mohamad R., Zaidan U.H., Arshad M.A., Samsudin A.A. 2023. Effects of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticles supplementation on broiler growth performance, zinc retention, liver health status, and gastrointestinal microbial load. Journal of Trace Elements and Minerals, 4:100072-100098.
31. Zhang H.Y., Piao X.S., Zhang Q., Li P., Yi J.Q., Liu J.D., Li Q.Y., Wang G.Q. 2013. The effects of Forsythia suspensa extract and berberine on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant activities, and intestinal microbiota in broilers under high stocking density. Poultry Science, 92(8): 1981-1988.