ارزیابی اثر مهارکنندگی عصاره اسیدین Phallusia nigra بر فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز
محورهای موضوعی :
فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری
اسماء تاجیک
1
,
موسی کشاورز
2
,
احمد همایی
3
1 - گروه زیستشناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران
2 - گروه زیستشناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران
3 - گروه زیستشناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/06/04
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/06/20
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/01
کلید واژه:
آلفا آمیلاز,
IC50,
آکاربوز,
ضددیابت,
DNSA,
Phallusia nigra,
چکیده مقاله :
افزایش سطح قند خون نقش مهمی در ایجاد دیابت دارد، لذا مهار آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز موجب مهار تبدیل پلیساکاریدها به گلوکز یا کاهش آن میشود. در بیماران دیابتی، این آنزیم میتواند در جذب گلوکز از دستگاه گوارش موثر باشد و از افزایش سریع قند خون جلوگیری میکند. اسیدینها به عنوان گروهی از فون دریایی سرشار از متابولیتهای ثانویه زیست فعال شناخته شدهاند. این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی اثر بازدارندگی فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز در گونه (Savigny, 1816) Phallusia nigra انجام شده است. نمونههای P. nigra، مربوط به جزایر قشم و هرمز بود. در شرایط خلاء با استفاده از دستگاه روتاری، عصارهگیری از نمونهها به ترتیب قطبیت یعنی اتیلاستات، متانول و آب-متانول انجام شد. درصد فعالیت مهارکنندگی آلفا آمیلاز براساس روش DNSA در محیط بیرونی هم بررسی گردید و از آکاربوز به عنوان کنترل مثبت استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که در بین تمام عصارهها بیشترین درصد مهارکنندگی مربوط به آکاربوز در غلظت 000 میکرو گرم بر میلی لیتر برابر 65/69 درصد و کمترین مقدار آن مربوط به عصاره آب–متانول در غلظت 500 میکرو گرم در میلی لیتر و برابر با 39/15 درصد میباشد. بیشترین فعالیت مهارکنندگی به صورت آکاربوز > اتیلاستات> متانول > آب-متانول مشاهده شده است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که بین میزان مهارکنندگی آنزیم و غلظت عصارهها رابطه مستقیم وجود دارد. در این بررسی عصاره اتیلاستاتی بیشترین اثر مهارکنندگی آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز با IC50 برابر با 244/ 1327 میکرو گرم بر میلی لیتر، سپس عصاره متانولی با IC50 برابر با 68/1529 میکرو گرم بر میلی لیتر را دارد. عصاره آب - متانولی کمترین اثر مهارکنندگی با IC50 و برابر با 01/2334 میکرو گرم بر میلی لیتر را دارد. درصد بازدارندگی آکاربوز نسبت به سایر عصارهها بالاتر است (IC50 برابر با 40/1158 میکرو گرم بر میلی لیتر). با توجه به قدرت بازدارندگی عصارههای P. nigra، میتوان از آنها در آینده در زمینه تولید داروهای ضد دیابتی با حداقل عوارض جانبی نامطلوب یا بدون آن عوارض استفاده کرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Increased blood sugar levels play an important role in the development of diabetes. Thus, inhibition of alpha-amylase enzyme inhibits the conversion of polysaccharides to glucose or reduces it. In diabetics, this enzyme can be effective in absorbing glucose from the gastrointestinal tract and preventing a rapid rise in blood sugar. Ascidians are known as a group of marine fauna rich in bioactive secondary metabolites. This study was aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effect of alpha-amylase activity on Phallusia nigra. Specimens of P. nigra belonged to Qeshm and Hormoz islands. Under vacuum, using a rotary evaporator, the samples were extracted from polarity, i.e. ethyl acetate, methanol and water-methanol, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of alpha-amylase inhibitor activity was evaluated based on DNSA method in vitro and acarbose was used as a positive control. The results revealed that among all extracts, the highest inhibitory percentage was related to acarbose at a concentration of 2000 µg/ml equal to 69.65% and the lowest value was related to water-methanolic extract at a concentration of 500 µg/ml and equal to 15.39%. The highest inhibitory activity was observed as acarbose>ethyl acetate>methanol>water-methanol. Furthermore, the results showed a direct relationship between the level of enzyme inhibition and the concentration of extracts. In this study, ethyl acetate extract had the highest inhibitory effect of alpha-amylase enzyme with IC50 equal to 1327.244 µg/ml, followed by methanolic extract with IC50 equal to 1529.68 µg/ml. Water-methanolic extract had the lowest inhibitory effect with IC50 and equal to 2334.01 µg/ml. The inhibitory percentage of acarbose was higher than other extracts (IC50=1158.40 µg/ml). Due to the inhibitory power of P. nigra extracts, they can be used in the future in the production of anti-diabetic drugs with minimal or no adverse side effects.
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