شواهد تجربی از تعامل متن و خواننده در دانشآموزان جهشی پایة چهارم: آیا سواد خواندن معیاری برای تسریع تحصیلی محسوب میشود؟
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی تحولیحمیدرضا حسنآبادی 1 , ابراهیم طلایی 2 , آزاده سیدمیرزایی جهقی 3 , گلرخ برارپور 4
1 - استادیار روانشناسی تربیتی
دانشگاه خوارزمی
2 - دانشیار تعلیم و تربیت دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3 - کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی تربیتی دانشگاه خوارزمی
4 - کارشناسی ارشد تحقیقات آموزشی
دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: درک مطلب, سواد خواندن, جهش تحصیلی, سرآمد,
چکیده مقاله :
مهارتهای خواندن و درک مطلب از مهمترین نیازهای یادگیری دانشآموزان است و انتظار میرود دانشآموزان جهشی و سرآمد در این مهارتها عملکرد قابل قبول داشته باشند. در این مطالعه ملی، میزان درک مطلب دانشآموزان دختر و پسر جهشی (128 نفر) و همتایان غیرجهشی آنان، شامل همتایان همسن و غیرهمپایه (122 نفر) و همتایان همپایه و غیرهمسن (114 نفر) بررسی شد، که بر مبنای ضریب هوش، جنس، سطح تحصیلات و شغل والدین و وضعیت اقتصادی اجتماعی همتا شده بودند. درک مطلب خواندن در دو حیطة اطلاعاتی و ادبی بهترتیب از طریق دو داستان مورچه و زرافه، از مجموعة آزمونهای بینالمللی بررسی عملکرد تحصیلی سواد خواندن پرلز و پری پرلز (2001، 2006) اندازهگیری شد. برای تحلیل دادههای گردآوریشده از تحلیل واریانس دوعاملی آمیخته (طرح یک بین ـ یک درون) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد عملکرد خواندن و درک مطلب در بین سه گروه مورد بررسی و همچنین بین دو گروه دختر و پسر تفاوت معنادار ندارد. استلزامهای نتایج پژوهش برای سیاستگذاران، برنامهریزان و کاربران نظام آموزشی مورد بحث قرار گرفت.
the most important learning needs of students are reading and reading comprehension skills and it is expected that accelerated and gifted students will have an acceptable performance in these skills. In this study, reading comprehension of 3 participants group evaluated that including: 1) accelerated students (N=128, females 53 and males 75), 2) non-accelerated students with the same age but in different grade (N=122, females 50 and males 72) and 3) non-accelerated students in the same grade but different age (N=114, females 47 and males 67).participants were matched based on their general intelligence, gender, educational level and occupation of the parents and the social-economic status. Reading comprehension was assessed in two informational and literary domains by two stories, the Ant and the Giraffes, from the International Study on PIRLS Literacy (2001, 2006). The data were analyzed using a mixed-design analysis of variance model. The results indicated that reading and reading comprehension performances were not significantly different between the three groups. There was no sex difference in reading and reading comprehension performances. The implications of the findings for educational policymakers, planners, and users were discussed.
آرانی، آ. (1373). بررسی وضعیت تحصیلی دانشآموزان جهشی.فصلنامهتعلیمو تربیت، 10(37)، 91-81.
سیف، ع. ا. (1391). اندازهگیری، سنجش و ارزشیابی آموزشی. تهران: انتشارات دوران.
نصری، ق. (1384). بررسیتأثیرجهشتحصیلیدانشآموزانابتداییبرپیشرفتتحصیلیآناندرسالهایبعدازجهش. پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد رشته تاریخ و فلسفه آموزش و پرورش، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران واحد مرکز.
Baker, L., & Scher, D. (2002). Beginning readers' motivation for reading in relation to parental beliefs and home reading experiences. Reading Psychology, 23(4), 239-269.
Barbara, A. K. (2009). Encyclopedia of giftedness, creativity, and talent. Thousand Oaks, CA.
Block, C. C., & Pressley, M. (2002). Comprehension instruction: Research-based best practices. New York: Guilford Publications.
Butler, A. C., Chapman, J. E., Forman, E. M., & Beck, A. T. (2006). The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(1), 17-31.
Cattell, R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54, 1-22.
Colangelo, N., Assouline, S. G., & Gross, M. U. M. (2004). A nation deceived; how schools hold back America’s brightest students: The Templeton National Report on Acceleration. Iowa City: Belin Blank International Centre for Gifted Education and Talent Development.
Dembo, M. H. (1981). Teaching for learning: Applying educational psychology in the classroom. Santa Monica: Goodyear Publishing Company.
Duke, N. K. (2004). Strategies for Building Comprehension of Informational Text. Leadership, 61(6), 40-44.
Duke, N. K., & Pearson, P. D. (2008). Effective practices for developing reading comprehension. The Journal of Education, 189(1, 2), 107-122. DOI: 10.1598/0872071774.10
Gonzalez, E. J. (2003). Scaling the PIRLS Reading Assessment Data. In M. O. Martin, I. V. S. Mullis & A. M. Kennedy (Eds.), PIRLS 2001 technical report (pp. 151-168). Chestnut Hill, MA: TIMSS and PIRLS International Study Center, Lynch School of Education, Boston College.
Gross, M. U. (2006). Exceptionally gifted children: Long-term outcomes of academic acceleration and non-acceleration. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 29(4), 404-429.
Harris, J. C. (2006). Intellectual disability: Understanding its development, causes, classification, evaluation, and treatment. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kintsch, W. (2005). An overview of top-down and bottom-up effects in comprehension: The CI perspective. Discourse Processes, 39(2, 3), 125-128.
Kintsch, W. (2012). Psychological models of reading comprehension and their implications for assessment. In J. P. Sabatini, E. R. Albro, & T. O'Reilly (Eds.), Measuring up: Advances in how we assess reading ability (pp. 21–38). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Education.
Kintsch, W., & Vipond, D. (2014). Reading comprehension and readability in educational practice and psychological theory. Perspectives on Learning and Memory, 4,329-365.
Kulik, J. A. (2004). Meta-analytic studies of acceleration. In N. Colsnhrlo, S. G. Assoulinr, & M. U. M. Gross (Eds.), a nation deceived: How schools hold back America’s brightest students (pp. 13-22). Iowa city, IA: Connie Belin and Jacqueline N. Blank International Center for Gifted Education and Talent Development.
Landi, N. (2010). An examination of the relationship between reading comprehension, higher-level and lower-level reading sub-skills in adults. Reading and Writing, 23(6), 701-717.
McClarty, K. L. (2015). Life in the fast lane effects of early grade acceleration on high school and college outcomes. Gifted Child Quarterly, 59(1), 3-13.
Melton, C. M., Smothers, B. C., Anderson, E., & Fulton, R., Replogle, W. H., & Thomas, L. (2004). A study of the effects of the accelerated reader program on fifth grade students 'reading achievement. Reading Improvement, 41(1), 18-23.
Mullis, I.V. S., & Martin, M. O. (2007). Overview of PIRLS 2006. In M. O. Martin, I. V. S. Mullis, & A. M. Kennedy (Eds.) PIRLS 2006 technical report (pp. 1-8). Chestnut Hill, MA: TIMSS and PIRLS International Study Center, Lynch School of Education, Boston College.
Murfi, H., & Obermayer, K. (2009). A two-level learning hierarchy of concept based keyword extraction for tag recommendations. ECML PKDD Discovery Challenge, 497, 201-214.
Quinn, J. M., Wagner, R. K., Petscher, Y., & Lopez, D. (2015). Developmental relations between vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension: A latent change score modeling study. Child Development, 86(1), 159-175.
Samuels, S. J., Lewis, M., Wu, Y. C., Reininger, J., & Murphy, A. (2004). Accelerated Reader vs. non-Accelerated Reader: How students using the accelerated reader outperformed the control condition in a tightly controlled experimental study. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
Snow, C. (2002). Reading for understanding: Toward an R & D program in reading comprehension. Santa Monica, CA RAND Corporation
Steenbergen-Hu, S., & Moon, S. M. (2011). The effects of acceleration on high-ability learners: A meta-analysis. Gifted Child Quarterly, 55(1), 39-53.
Twist, L., Schagen, I., & Hodgson, C. (2007). Readers and reading: The national report for England 2006 (PIRLS: Progress in International Reading Literacy Study). Slough: National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER).
Vollands, S. R., Topping, K. J. & Evans, R. M. (1999). Computerized self-assessment of reading comprehension with the Accelerated Reader: Action research. Reading & Writing Quarterly: Overcoming Learning Difficulties, 15(3), 197-211.
Wood, C., Jackson, E., Hart, L., Plester, B., & Wilde, L. (2011). The effect of text messaging on 9‐and 10‐year‐old children's reading, spelling and phonological processing skills. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 27(1), 28-36.
_||_