Translation and Culture: A Case Study of Culture-specific Items in the Persian Renderings of The Alchemist
محورهای موضوعی : نشریه زبان و ترجمه
Ehsan Honarjou
1
(
Department of Foreign Languages, Language Center, Imam Sadeq University, Tehran, Iran
)
کلید واژه: culture, Domestication, Foreignization, Culture-specific items (CSIs),
چکیده مقاله :
This study aimed at investigating domestication and foreignization strategies in Persian translations of The Alchemist by Coelho based on Vinay and Darbelnet’s taxonomy. To this end, the study benefited from a corpus-based comparative content analysis design within a qualitative approach. The corpus of this study consisted of 80 pages of the mentioned novel, selected through simple random sampling, and their Persian translations by Hejazi and Ghahreman. Analysis of the elicited data was conducted using descriptive statistics (i.e., calculation of frequency and percentage of domestication and foreignization strategies and chi-square test. The results obtained from data analysis showed that Hejazi has used the following strategies: Calque (foreignization), equivalence (domestication), adaptation (domestication), and literal translation (foreignization). In like manner, the results revealed that Ghahreman too has used calque (foreignization), equivalence (domestication), adaptation (domestication), literal translation (foreignization), modulation (domestication), and omission (domestication) in translating the culture-specific items (CSIs). This finding approves the previously-conducted research findings that the difficulty in translating cultural aspects of language forces translators to utilize a variety of translation strategies in rendering them.
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی راهبردهای بومی‌سازی و خارجی‌سازی در ترجمه‌های فارسی کتاب کیمیاگر اثر کوئلیو بر اساس طبقه‌بندی وینی و داربلنت انجام شد. برای این منظور، مطالعه از یک طرح تحلیل محتوای مقایسه ای مبتنی بر پیکره در یک رویکرد کیفی بهره برد. مجموعه این پژوهش شامل 80 صفحه از رمان مذکور است که به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شده و با ترجمه فارسی حجازی و قهرمان انتخاب شده است. تجزیه و تحلیل داده های استخراج شده با استفاده از آمار توصیفی (محاسبه فراوانی و درصد راهبردهای بومی سازی و خارجی سازی و آزمون کای اسکوئر) انجام شد. (اهل سازی)، انطباق (اهل سازی) و ترجمه تحت اللفظی (بیگانه سازی) به همین ترتیب، نتایج نشان داد که قهرمان نیز از حساب (بیگانه سازی)، هم ارزی (اهل سازی)، انطباق (اهل سازی)، ترجمه تحت اللفظی (بیگانه سازی)، مدولاسیون استفاده کرده است. (اهل سازی) و حذف (اهلیت) در ترجمه موارد خاص فرهنگ (CSIs) این یافته یافته های پژوهشی انجام شده قبلی را تأیید می کند که دشواری در ترجمه جنبه های فرهنگی زبان مترجمان را مجبور می کند از انواع استراتژی های ترجمه در ارائه آنها استفاده کنند.
Arvela, P. (2013). Ethnic food: the other in ourselves. In D. Sanderson and M. Crouch (Eds.), Food: Expressions and Impressions (pp. 45-56). Oxford, United Kingdom: Inter-Disciplinary Press.
Aubert, F. H. (1984). translation modalities - a descriptive model for quantitative studies in Translatology. Romansk Forum, 6, 3-28.
Davoudi Sharifabad, E., Yaqubi, M., & Tengku Mahadi, T.S. (2013). The application of domestication and foreignization translation strategies in English- Persian Translations of News Phrasal Verbs. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(1), 94-99.
De Camargo, D.C. (2004). Translation research on similarities and differences in technical, journalistic, and literary texts. Retrieved December 1, 2018, from https://ww w.researchgate.net/publication/262739995_Translation_research_on_similarities_and_differences_in_technical_journalistic_and_literary_texts
Elnaili, S. (2016). Investigating domestication and foreignization strategies in translating Sinbad of the Arabian Nights. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue on Translation, 5, 21-32.
Habtoor, H.A., & Al-Qahtani, A.A. (2018). English Cultural Expressions Translation: Strategies Used in Rendering Narnia Chronicles into Arabic. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 8(8), 1015-1023.
Jianghua, W. (2006). Towards Translation Strategies and Their Application. Doctoral Thesis. Shanghai Normal University, China.
Natalia, L. G. (2014). Translation strategies of cultural words and their readabilities in the Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins. Sarjana Sastra (SS) thesis. Dian Nuswantoro University. Faculty of Humanities.
Saberi, D. (2015). Translators’ Strategies for the Translation of Cultural Markers from English into Persian in a Literary Text. MA thesis. The University of Putra Malaysia. The School of Graduate Studies.
Sabzalipour, M., & Pishkar, K. (2015). Translation strategies of proper nouns in children’s literature. Journal of Applied Linguistics and language research, 2(6), 73-79.
Sadeghi, A.R. (2012). Characteristics and necessities of developing a multicultural curriculum in Iran. Cultural Strategy, 18, 93-121.
Seif Sheshnavi, M., & Deedari, R. (2014). Investigating translation strategies of culture-specific items in alignment with Nord’s binary translation typology: A case study of unaccustomed earth. Journal of Language and Translation, 4(2), 85-94.
Shirinzadeh, S.A.R., & Tengku Mahadi, T.S. (2014). Foreignizing or domesticating tendencies in Pazargadi's English translation of Hafez's lyrics: A case study. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(20), 2350-2358.
Venutie, L. (1995). The translator's invisibility: A history of translation. London & New York: Routledge.
Vinay, J.P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative Stylistics of French and English. A Methodology for Translation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Yifeng, S. (2009). Cultural translation in the context of globalization. Retrieved from http://ww w.thefreelibr ary.com/Cultural+translation+in+the+context+of+globalization-a0225786294.
Zare-Behtash, E., & Firoozkoohi, S. (2009). A diachronic study of domestication and foreignization strategies of culture-specific items: in English-Persian translations of six of Hemingway’s Works. World Applied Sciences Journal, 7 (12), 1576-1582.
