Effects of Tourism on Subjective Dimensions of Quality of Life: The Case of Tourist Destination Villages of Marvdasht County
محورهای موضوعی : Rural tourism and recreationندا علییاری 1 , آیت‌اله کرمی 2 , مریم شریف زاده 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
2 - دانشیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج. یاسوج، ایران
کلید واژه: Marvdasht County, Residents' quality of life, tourist destination villages,
چکیده مقاله :
This research aimed at investigating the impacts of tourism on residents' subjective quality of life in tourist destination villages of Marvdasht County, Iran. The statistical population included 170 heads of households living in the tourist destination villages of Marvdasht County, selected by the simple randomization method and based on Cochran’s formula. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability was confirmed. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and Morris’s model. The results of factor analysis showed that the components including cost, local livelihood, and asset accounted for 61.27, 58.77, and 58.06 percent of the total variance in the economic dimension of subjective quality of life, respectively. Social dimension components (including local community and nutrition and health) also captured 66.17 and 60.48 percent and environmental dimension components (including environmental sustainability and physical dimensions) captured 61.28 and 67.87 percent of the total variance in residents' subjective quality of life, respectively. According to the findings, the level of subjective quality of life was medium (with the coefficient of 0.55) based on the Morris method. While the economic (with a coefficient of 0.53) and environmental (with a coefficient of 0.54) dimensions of subjective quality of life were at the medium level, the social dimensions of subjective quality of life (with a coefficient of 0.6) were at the favorable level. Therefore, the highest score of the subjective quality of life in the tourist destination villages was related to the social index. These findings can be used to identify previous policy strategies and design future planning policies.
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثرات گردشگری در کیفیت زندگی ذهنی ساکنان روستاهای هدف گردشگری شهرستان مرودشت صورت پذیرفت. جامعهی آماری این پژوهش، شامل ۱۷۰ نفر از سرپرستان خانوار ساکن در روستاهای هدف گردشگری شهرستان مرودشت است که با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری تصادفی ساده و بر اساس فرمول کوکران انتخاب شد. ابزار گردآوری دادهها پرسشنامهای محقق ساخته بود که روایی و پایایی آن مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و مدل موریس استفاده شد. یافتههای تحلیل عاملی نشان داد که مؤلفههای هزینه، معیشت محلی و دارایی به ترتیب 27/61 ، 77/58 و 06/58 درصد از واریانس کل بعد اقتصادی کیفیت زندگی ذهنی را تشکیل میدهند. همچنین مؤلفههای بعد اجتماعی (شامل اجتماع محلی و بهداشت و تغذیه) به ترتیب 17/66 و 48/60 درصد و مؤلفههای بعد زیستمحیطی (شامل پایداری محیط و کالبدی) به ترتیب 28/61 و 87/67 درصد از واریانس کل کیفیت زندگی ذهنی ساکنان را تبیین مینماید. براساس یافتهها، سطح کیفیت زندگی ذهنی در بین روستاهای هدف گردشگری شهرستان مرودشت براساس روش موریس با ضریب 55/0 در سطح متوسط است. براساس نتایج میزان توسعهیافتگی اثرات گردشگری در ابعاد ذهنی کیفیت زندگی اقتصادی با ضریب 526/0 و زیستمحیطی با ضریب 537/0 در سطح متوسط و در بعد ذهنی اجتماعی با ضریب 603/0 در سطح مطلوب است. بنابراین بیشترین امتیاز کیفیت زندگی ذهنی در روستاهای هدف گردشگری مربوط به شاخص اجتماعی است. همچنین یافتهها مبین سطح مطلوب کیفیت زندگی ذهنی ساکنان روستاهای هدف گردشگری از نظر شاخص اجتماع محلی میباشد. از این یافتهها میتوان برای شناسایی استراتژیهای خطمشی پیشین و طراحی سیاستهای برنامهریزی آینده استفاده کرد.
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