The Effect of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Extract in Comparison to Antibiotic on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Ileal Microflora, Antioxidant Status and Meat Quality of Broilers
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
م. سالارمعینی
1
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
)
ا. سلاجقه
2
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
)
م.ح. سلاجقه
3
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
)
م. افشارمنش
4
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
)
کلید واژه: meat quality, intestinal morphology, broilers, lavender,
چکیده مقاله :
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)extract as an alternative to flavophospholipol on performance, carcass characteristics, antioxidant status,meat quality, intestinal morphology and ileal microflora of broilers. A total of 220 day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in a completely randomized design with five treatments each replicated four times (11 birds per replicate) for 42 days. Experimental diets consisted of a basal diet without any additives as a control group and supplemented with flavophospholipol (100 ppm) or three levels of lavender extract (200, 300 or 400 ppm). Body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were measured during the starter (1- 10 d), grower (11- 24 d) and finisher (25-42 d) periods. Meat quality indices and jejunum histomorphology were analyzed at 42 days of age. In addition to the mentioned measurements, ileal contents were assayed for Coliforms and Lactobacillus strains. The results revealed that lavender extract at 400 ppm level significantly increased feed intake during the whole rearing period, especially in finisher period and also improved body weight gain and feed conversion ratio during the grower, finisher and entire rearing periods. There were no significant differences in the carcass traits and the relative weight of internal organs of the broilers (including breast, thighs, liver, heart, gizzard and abdominal fat). All lavender supplementation levels significantly decreased crypt depth and increased villus height: crypt depth ratio compared to the control group. The Coliform counts in the ileal digesta significantly decreased in birds fed with 400 ppm lavender extract. The thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance and cooking loss were significantly decreased by supplementing the basal diet with 300 or 400 ppm lavender extract. In overall, the results of this experiment showed that lavender extract, esp. at 400 ppm level, could be used as a good alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in the diet of broiler chickens.
این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثرات عصاره اسطوخدوس (Lavandula angustifolia) به عنوان جایگزین آنتی‌بیوتیک فلاووفسفولیپول بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه، وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، کیفیت گوشت، ریخت‌شناسی و جمعیت میکروبی روده جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام شد. در مجموع 220 قطعه جوجه خروس گوشتی (راس 308) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تیمار و چهار تکرار (11 پرنده در هر تکرار) به مدت 42 روز مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. تیمارهای غذایی عبارت بودند از جیره پایه بدون هیچ افزودنی به عنوان گروه شاهد و جیره پایه حاوی فلاووفسفولیپول (100 قسمت در میلیون)، یا سه سطح عصاره اسطوخدوس (200، 300 یا 400 قسمت در میلیون). وزن بدن، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل در دوره‌های آغازین (1 تا 10 روز)، رشد (11 تا 24 روز) و پایانی( 25 تا 42 روز) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. شاخص‌های کیفیت گوشت و ریخت‌شناسی ژوژونوم در 42 روزگی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. علاوه بر این، در پایان دوره محتویات ایلئوم برای سویه‌های کلی‌فرم و لاکتوباسیلوس مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتنتایج این بررسی نشان داد استفاده از عصاره اسطوخدوس (در سطح 400 قسمت در میلیون) سبب افزایش مصرف خوراک درکل دوره و بخصوص دوره پایانی پرورش گردید. همچنین، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در دوره‌های رشد، پایانی و کل دوره بهبود یافت. هیچ تفاوت معنی‌داری در رابطه با خصوصیات لاشه و وزن نسبی اندام های داخلی (سینه، ران، کبد، قلب، سنگدان و چربی محوطه شکمی) بین تیمارها مشاهده نشد. استفاده از گیاه اسطوخودوس در همه سطوح، سبب کاهش معنی‌‌دار عمق کریپت و افزایش نسبت طول پرز به عمق کریپت در ژژونوم گردید. تعداد کلی‌فرم‌ها در محتویات گوارشی ایلئوم جوجه‌هایی که از 400 قسمت در میلیون عصاره اسطوخودوس استفاده کرده بودند به شکل معنی‌داری نسبت به دیگر تیمارها کاهش یافت. میزان اندیس تیوباربیتوریک اسید و افت ناشی از پخت و پز گوشت پرندگانی که از جیره حاوی 300 یا 400 قسمت در میلیون عصاره اسطوخدوس تغذیه کرده بودند به طور معنی‌داری کمتر از سایر تیمارها بود. در مجموع، نتایج این بررسی نشان داد عصاره اسطوخودوس، بخصوص در سطح 400 قسمت در میلیون، می‌تواند به عنوان یک جایگزین مؤثر برای آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های محرک رشد در جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
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