Effects of Sodium Bentonite on Blood Parameters, Feed Digestibility and Rumen Fermentation Parameters of Male Balouchi Sheep Fed Diet Contaminated by Diazinon, an Organophosphate Pesticide
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
م.ه. اعظمی
1
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
)
ع.م. طهماسبی
2
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
)
و. فروهر
3
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
)
ع.ع. ناصریان
4
(
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
)
کلید واژه: sodium bentonite, blood parameter, nutrient digestibility, diazinon, male Balouchi sheep, ru-men parameter,
چکیده مقاله :
The remnants of pesticides in livestock feeds have been increased by excessive using of these pesticides so as to meet extreme demands for more feeds. Finding a new strategy for reducing pesticides negative effects is absolutely necessary. Therefore, evaluation of the effects of sodium bentonite on blood parameters, feed digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters in sheep fed diets contaminated by diazinon, an organophosphate pesticide, was the aim of this study. Eight canulated male Balouchi sheep (40±2 kg) assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in four 21-day-period. Treatments were: 1) control group, 2) control + 4% sodium bentonite, 3) control + 21 ppm diazinon and 4) control + 4% sodium bentonite + 21 ppm diazinon. Dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility were not affected by treatments. Sodium bentonite decreased pH variation after feeding. Ammonia nitrogen of rumen liquor was the same among treatments before feeding however 3 and 6 hours after feeding, amount of ammonia nitrogen was significantly higher in groups fed pesticide contaminated diets (P<0.05). Hemoglobin, white blood cells and hematocrit were not affected by treatments but red blood cells and acetylcholinesterase activity were significantly reduced in groups fed pesticide contaminated diets (P<0.05). Results of present study showed that using sodium bentonite as a binder was effective to reduce negative effects of diazinon on pH variation and acetylcholinesterase activity and it has no effect on hemoglobin, white blood cells, hematocrit and nutrient digestibility. Therefore, sodium bentonite can be used as an effective diazinon binder in sheep diet.
به علت استفاده بیش از حد آفت‌کشها به منظور تأمین تقاضای بالای خوراک، بقایای آنها در خوراک دامها زیاد شده است. یافتن راهبردی جدید جهت کاهش آثار مضر آفت‌کشها کاملاً ضروری به نظر میرسد. بنابراین وارسی آثار بنتونیت سدیم بر فراسنجههای خونی، قابلیت هضم خوراک و فراسنجههای تخمیری شکمبه در گوسفندان تغذیه شده با خوراک آلوده به دیازینون (آفت‌کش ارگانوفسفره) هدف این مطالعه بود. 8 گوسفند نر بلوچی (2±40 کیلوگرم) به یک طرح آزمایشی فاکتوریل 2 × 2 با چهار دوره 21 روزه، اختصاص داده شدند. تیمارها شامل: جیره شاهد، جیره شاهد به همراه 4 درصد بنتونیت سدیم، جیره شاهد به همراه 21 ppm آفت‌کش دیازینون و جیره شاهد به همراه 4 درصد بنتونیت سدیم و 21 ppm آفت‌کش دیازینون بودند. قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، پروتئین خام، NDF و ADF تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت (05/0>P). بنتونیت سدیم نوسانات اسیدیته شکمبه را پس از مصرف خوراک کاهش داد. سطح نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه تیمارهای مختلف قبل از خوراک‌دهی مشابه بود اما 3 و 6 ساعت پس از مصرف خوراک سطح نیتروژن آمونیاکی به طور معنی‌داری در گروهی که خوراک آلوده به دیازینون مصرف کردند بیشتر بود (05/0>P). هموگلوبین، شمار سلولهای سفید و هماتوکریت تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفتند اما شمار گلبولهای قرمز و فعالیت آنزیم استیل کولین استراز به طور معنی‌داری در جیرههای حاوی آفت‌کش کاسته شد (05/0>P). نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که استفاده از سدیم بنتونیت به عنوان یک جاذب برای کاهش اثرات منفی دیازینون بر نوسانات اسیدیته و فعالیت آنزیم استیل کولین استراز مؤثر است. علاوه بر این اثری بر هموگلوبین، شمار گلبولهای سفید، هماتوکریت و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی خوراک ندارد. بنابراین بنتونیت سدیم میتواند به عنوان یک جاذب مؤثر دیازینون در جیره گوسفندان استفاده شود.
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