Influence of Wet and Dry Season on Milk Composition of Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Tunisia
محورهای موضوعی : Camelاچ. حامد 1 , ا. ال فکی 2 , ا. گرگوری 3
1 - Departement des Science de la Vie, Faculte des Science de Sfax, Unite de Physiopathologie Environnementale, Valorisation des Molecules Bioactives et Modelisation Mathematique, Sfax, Tunisia
2 - Departement des Science de la Vie, Faculte des Science de Sfax, Unite de Physiopathologie Environnementale, Valorisation des Molecules Bioactives et Modelisation Mathematique, Sfax, Tunisia
3 - Departement des Science de la Vie, Faculte des Science de Sfax, Unite de Physiopathologie Environnementale, Valorisation des Molecules Bioactives et Modelisation Mathematique, Sfax, Tunisia
کلید واژه: chemical composition, Season, Camel milk, casein fractions,
چکیده مقاله :
This study investigated the effect of season (wet and dry) on milk composition of the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). Milk samples representing the wet and dry seasons were analyzed for total solids (TS), fat (F), solids-non-fat (SNF), ash, crude protein (CP), nitrogen soluble at pH 4.6 (SN), mineral content (MC) and casein fraction (CnF). Camel milk had higher (P<0.05) fat content in the wet season. Crude protein, TS, SNF and SN contents (%) were also higher (P<0.01) during the wet season. Ash content was similar (P>0.05) in the two seasons. The concentrations of Mg, Na and K were affected by season while the concentrations of Ca and Cl were not. The results from the present study indicate that the increase of milk CnF observed in the wet season was not due to the increase in β-casein and α1-casein contents. Among caseins, the κ-casein and α2-casein fractions did not differ between the two seasons. Conversely, milk from summer camels showed higher contents of αs1-casein and β-casein. It was concluded that the effects of season on the chemical composition of camel milk may impact the processing characteristics of camel milk.
این مطالعه برای بررسی اثر فصل (مرطوب و خشک) بر ترکیب شیر شتر جماز (Camelus dromedarius) صورت گرفته است. نمونههای شیر مربوط به فصول مرطوب و خشک برای مواد جامد کُل (TS)، چربی (F)، مواد جامد غیر چربی (SNF)، خاکستر، پروتئین خام (CP)، نیتروژن محلول در 6/4 =pH، محتوای مواد معدنی (MC) و بخش کازئین (CnF) آنالیز گردیدند. محتوای چربی شیر شتر در فصل مرطوب بالاتر بود (05/0>P). مقادیر پروتئین خام، TS، SNF و SN (درصد) نیز در طی فصل مرطوب بالاتر بودند (01/0>P). مقدار خاکستر در دو فصل مشابه بود (05/0<P). غلظت Mg، Na و K تحت تأثیر فصل واقع شده ولی در مورد غلظتهای Ca و Cl این موضوع صادق نبود. نتایج حاصل از تحقیق حاضر نشان میدهد که افزایش CnF مشاهده شده شیر در فصل مرطوب ناشی از افزایش مقادیر بتا کازئین و آلفا یک کازئین نبوده است. در بین کازئینها، بخشهای کاپا کازئین و آلفا دو کازئین در فصول مختلف متفاوت نبودهاند. ولی شیر حاصل از شترها در تابستان مقادیر بالاتری آلفا یک کازئین و بتا کازئین داشته است. نتایج حاصل نشان میدهند که اثرات فصل بر ترکیب شیمیایی شیر شتر میتواند بر خصوصیات فرآوری این شیر تأثیر بگذارد.
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