The Effect of Energy Sources and Levels on Performance and Breast Amino Acids Profile in Cobb 500 Broiler Chicks
محورهای موضوعی : Camelس.م. اکبری 1 , ع.ا. صادقی 2 , م. امین افشار 3 , پ. شورنگ 4 , م. چمنی 5
1 - Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, Karaj, Iran
5 - Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Performance, Broiler, Amino acids, energy sources, breast meat,
چکیده مقاله :
The present study conducted to investigate the effect of energy sources and levels on performance and breast meat amino acids profile in Cobb 500 broiler chicks. A total of 600 1-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks with an average weight of 39 ± 0.50 g were randomly divided into five treatments. Each treatment was further divided into four replicates. Chicks were fed a basal diet based on corn and energy level was same as Cobb 500 manual as control group, the basal diet with 3% lesser energy than control (T1), the basal diet with 6% lesser energy than control (T2), the basal diet based on corn and fat level according to Cobb 500 instruction manual (T3), the basal diet based on corn and fat with 3% upper energy (T4) for 42 days. Results showed that the best and the worst performance were for T4 and T2, respectively. Also, feed intake of chicks increased significantly in T4. Body weight gain was also significantly higher in the treated group with the basal diet based on corn and fat with 3% upper energy (T4). As result relevant although the lowest feed conversion ratio was for control and T3 on 14 and 28 days but also it was at the lowest on T3 on 42 days. The breast muscle function and amino acid profiles showed that there were significant effects between arginine (Arg), glutamic acid (Glu), proline (Pro), alanine (Ala), aspartic acid (Asp), serine (Ser), glycine (Gly), isoleucine (Ilo), lysine (Lys), valine (Val) and phenylalanine (Phy) amino acids (P≤0.01). The highest level of amino acids (g/g DM basis) was for Glu, Asp, Arg, Lys, Ser, Phe and Pro. In conclusion, it seems that inclusion of higher energy level than broiler nutritional requirements recommendation for Cobb 500 chicks could give better performance and affect the quantity and quality of their breast meat and its amino acids profile. In order to achieve higher weights, more energy is needed than the recommendation of Cobb 500, but to have better feed conversion ratio the recommended energy level is the best.
این تحقیق برای بررسی اثر سطح و منبع انرژی بر ترکیب آمینو اسیدهای ماهیچه سینه و صفات عملکردی جوجه‌های گوشتی سویه کاپ 500 انجام گردید. تعداد 600 جوجه گوشتی یکروزه با میانگین وزن50/0 ± 39 گرم به طور تصادفی در 5 تیمار و 4 تکرار و 30 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار قرار گرفتند. جوجه‌های که با جیره هایی بر پایه ذرت و بر اساس توصیه‌های کاتالوگ سویه کاپ تغذیه شده بودند به عنوان گروه شاهد در نظر گرفته شدند. جوجه‌هایی که در جیره آنها 3 درصد کمتر از گروه شاهد انرژی وجود داشت به عنوان تیمار 1 و گروهی که جیره آنها 6 درصد کمتر از گروه شاهد انرژی داشتند به عنوان تیمار 2 انتخاب شدند. گروهی که جیره آنها بر پایه ذرت و چربی و مطابق با توصیه‌های کاتالوگ سویه کاپ تنظیم گردیده بودند به عنوان تیمار 3 در نظر گرفته شدند و جوجه‌هایی که جیره آنها بر پایه ذرت و چربی و سطح انرژی آنها 3 درصد بیشتر از تیمار 3 بودند به عنوان تیمار 4 انتخاب گردیدند. طول دوره پرورش 42 روزه بود. نتایج نشان داد که بهترین و بدترین عملکرد به ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای 4 و 2 بود. همچنین مصرف غذا در جوجه‌های تیمار 4 به طور معنی‌دار افزایش یافته بود. افزایش وزن در تیمار 4 که جیره غذایی بر پایه ذرت و چربی و انرژی 3 درصد بیشتر از توصیه‌های کاتالوگ سویه کاپ بود، به طور معنی‌داری نسبت به سایر تیمارها بالاتر بود. اگرچه بهترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی در سن 14روزگی مربوط به تیمارهای شاهد و در سن 28 روزگی مربوط به تیمارهای شاهد و 3 بود، اما در سن 42 روزگی پایین‌ترین ضریب تبدیل را تیمار 3 نشان داد. نتایج بدست آمده نشان دادند که آمینو اسیدهای آرژینین، گلوتامیک اسید، پرولین، آلانین، آسپارتیک اسید، سرین، گلایسین، ایزولوسین، لیزین، والین و فنیل آلانین تفاوت‌های معنی‌داری نشان دادند (01/0>P). از نظر عددی بالاترین مقدار آمینو اسید به ترتیب مربوط به اسیدهای آمینه (گرم/100 گرم وزن خشک)، گلوتامیک اسید، آسپارتیک اسید، آرژینین، لیزین، سرین، فنیل آلانین و پرولین بود. به طور کلی نتایج نشان دادند که، سطح انرژی بالاتر از توصیه‌های غذایی کاتالوگ سویه کاپ 500 می‌تواند عملکرد را بهتر نماید و کمیت و کیفیت گوشت سینه و ترکیب آمینو اسیدهای آن را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. همچنین از نظر افزایش وزن، انرژی بیشتر از سطح کاتالوگ این سویه، توصیه می‌شود. اما از نظر ضریب تبدیل غذایی، بهترین سطح انرژی بر اساس توصیه‌های نیازهای غذایی کاتالوگ سویه کاپ 500 می‌باشد.
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