Efficacy of Wheat Based vs. Corn Based Diet Formulated Based on Digestible Amino Acid Method on Performances, Carcass Traits, Blood Parameters, Immunity Response, Jejunum Histomorphology, Cecal Microflora and Excreta Moisture in Broiler Chickens
محورهای موضوعی : Camelم.ح. محمّدی قاسم آبادی 1 , م. ریاحی 2 , م. شیوازاد 3 , ا. زالی 4 , م. ادیب مرادی 5
1 - Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
5 - Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Broiler, Wheat, corn, digestible amino acid,
چکیده مقاله :
A study was conducted to evaluate efficacyof wheat based vs. corn based diets on growth performance, carcass traits,blood parameters, jejunum morphological development, immunity, cecal microflora and excreta moisture in broiler chicks fed according to digestible essential amino acid profile. One hundred forty day old Ross 308 male broiler chicks randomly distributed into ten separated floor pensbased on a completely randomised design. Each treatment consisted of five replicates with fourteen birds each.Body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), immunity and excreta moisture were determined at different periods of ages. At the day 44, five birds of each group were sacrificed to evaluated carcass traits, jejunum histomorphology and cecal microflora. Blood parameters, mortality rate (MR) and European production efficiency factor (EPEF) were measured and determined at day 42 of age, respectively. The results of this study showed that BW, BWG, FI, FCR, MR and EPEF were not significantly different between two groups on the day 42 of age, but BW, BWG and FI were significantly higher (P<0.05) in corn based than wheat based diets on starter phase of feeding and also FI and FCR on the growing phase. Most ofcarcass traits were not significantly different(P>0.05) between two groups except for abdominal fat (AF) percentage which was significantly higher (P<0.05) in corn-based diet. Despite a reduction of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration in the serum of broilers fed thewheat base diet, there were no statistically significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). Humeral immunity response, Newcastle titer, jejunum histomorphology, cecal microflora and excreta moisture were not significantly different (P>0.05) between two groups. In conclusion, wheat based diet is as efficient as corn based diet when diets are formulated based on digestible amino acids method.
مطالعه‌ای جهت ارزیایی کارآمدی جیره‌های برپایه گندم در مقایسه با ذرت بر عملکرد رشد، صفات لاشه، فراسنجههای خونی، توسعه مورفولوژی ناحیه ژژنوم، ایمنی، جمعیت میکروبی سکوم و رطوبت فضولات بر روی جوجه‌های گوشتی تغذیه شده براساس روش پروفایل اسید آمینه قابل هضم ضروری انجام گرفت. 140 قطعه جوجه نر یکروزه گوشتی سویه راس 308 به طور تصادفی در 10 واحد آزمایشی بر روی بستر براساس طرح کاملاً تصادفی توزیع شد. هر تیمار شامل 5 تکرار و 14 پرنده در هر تکرار بود. وزن بدن، افزایش وزن بدن، خوراک مصرفی، ضریب تبدیل غذایی، ایمنی و رطوبت فضولات در دوره‌های مختلف سنی رکورد‌‌گیری شد. در سن 44 روزگی، 5 پرنده از هر گروه جهت بررسی خصوصیات لاشه، هیستومورفولوژی ژژنوم و جمعیت میکروبی سکوم کشتار شد. فراسنجههای خونی، درصد تلفات و فاکتور بازده تولید اروپایی به ترتیب اندازه‌گیری و در سن 42 روزگی تعیین شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که در بین دو گروه از لحاظ وزن بدن، افزایش وزن بدن، خوراک مصرفی، ضریب تبدیل غذایی، درصد تلفات و فاکتور بازده تولید اروپایی در سن 42 روزگی تفاوت معنی‌داری (05/0P>) وجود ندارد، اما وزن بدن و افزایش وزن بدن و خوراک مصرفی با جیره‌های بر پایه ذرت نسبت به جیره‌های برپایه گندم در دوره آغازین تغذیه و همچنین خوراک مصرفی و ضریب تبدیل غذایی در دوره رشد به طور معنی‌داری (05/0P<) بیشتر است. اکثر خصوصیات لاشه در بین دو گروه تفاوت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر نداشتند، به غیر از درصد چربی محوطه بطنی که در جیره‌های بر پایه ذرت به طور معنی‌داری بالاتر بود (05/0P<). گرچه غلظت تری‌گلیسرید، کلسترول تام، لیپوپروتئین با چگالی بالا و لیپوپروتئین با چگالی کم در سرم جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با جیره‌های بر پایه گندم کاهش یافت، با این وجود تفاوت معنی‌داری از لحاظ آماری در بین دو گروه وجود نداشت (05/0P>). در بین دو گروه تیرنیوکاسل، هیستومورفولوژی ژژنوم، جمعیت میکروبی سکوم و رطوبت فضولات تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت (05/0P>). در نتیجه، هنگامی که جیره‌های غذایی براساس روش اسید آمینه قابل هضم فرموله شوند، جیره بر پایه گندم می‌تواند همانند جیره بر پایه ذرت کارآمد باشد.
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