Impact of an Agroforestry System on Grazing, Ruminating, and Resting Behaviors of Dairy Cows

محورهای موضوعی : Camel

آ.آ. اُلیوال ¹ , اف.ب. آرایوجو ² , ت.آ. دلوالِ ³ , جی.آ.سی. اُسوریو ⁴ , م. کامپانا ⁵ , جی.پی.جی دِ مورایس ⁶

1 - Campus Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso State University, Rodovia MT 208, km 147 s/n, Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, Brazil
2 - Campus Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso State University, Rodovia MT 208, km 147 s/n, Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, Brazil
3 - Department of Biotechnology and Vegetal and Animal Production, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Anhangera, km 174 s/n, Araras, Brazil |Itaqui Campus, Federal University of Pampa, Luiz Joaquim de Sá Brito Street, Itaqui, Brazil
4 - Department of Animal Science, Maringá State University, Colombo Avenue 5790, Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Brazil
5 - Department of Biotechnology and Vegetal and Animal Production, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Anhangera, km 174 s/n, Araras, Brazil
6 - Department of Biotechnology and Vegetal and Animal Production, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Anhangera, km 174 s/n, Araras, Brazil

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/12/13 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/12/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/12/11

کلید واژه: rumination, Grazing, Peanut, muvuca,

چکیده مقاله :

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of agroforestry system on the feeding behavior of dairy cows in the Brazilian Amazon region. Nineteen cross breed dairy cows (14.0±3.30 kg/d of milk yield and 450±40.1 kg body weight) were used. The following treatments were evaluated: A) animals were maintained in opened pasture of Brachiaria brizantha during all the day; B) animals were kept in forage peanuts (Arachis pintoi) during the morning (between 07:00 and 1200 h) and in muvuca, a type of agroforestry arrangement, afternoon (between 12:00 and 23:00 h); and C) animals were maintained in forage peanuts during the morning (between 07:00 and 11:00 h) and in opened pasture of Brachiaria brizantha during the afternoon (between 12:00 and 23:00 h). Behaviors of grazing, ruminating, and resting was monitored every ten minutes, and the hourly index was analyzed as repeated measures in a 3 × 3 latin square design study. Between 07:00 and 09:00 h, animals maintained in opened pasture showed higher grazing and lower ruminating index than those animals kept in forage peanuts. During the hottest period of the day, animals maintained in opened pasture showed a higher grazing index. Animals of A and C treatments showed a higher grazing index than those of B treatment, between 15:00 and 17:00 h. Animals maintained in muvuca had increased grazing index, resulting in lower ruminating and resting, at the end of the day. As a whole, the agroforestry system stabilizes the grazing and ruminating index and increases the grazing index during the hottest period of the day.

چکیده انگلیسی:

مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی آثار سیستم جنگل-زراعی روی رفتار تغذیه‌ای گاوهای شیری در منطقه آمازون برزیل انجام شد. 19 گاو شیری آمیخته (14±3.30 کیلوگرم/روز مقدار شیر و 450  ±40.1 کیلوگرم وزن بدن) استفاده شدند. تیمارهای زیر ارزیابی شدند: A) حیوانات در مرتع باز Brachiaria brizantha تمام روز نگهداری شدند؛ B) حیوانات در علوفه بادام زمینی نگهداری شدند (Arachis pintoi) در طول صبح (بین ساعت 7 و 12) و در muvuca، یک نوع از طبقه‌بندی جنگل-زراعی، بعداز ظهر (بین ساعت 12 و 23) و C) حیوانات در علوفه بادام زمینی در طول صبح (بین ساعت 7 و 11) و در مرتع باز Brachiaria brizantha در طول بعد از ظهر (بین 12 و 23) نگهداری شدند. رفتارهای چرا، نشخوار، و استراحت هر 10 دقیقه کنترل شدند، و شاخص ساعت به عنوان اندازه تکرار شده در یک طرح مربع لاتین 3 × 3 آنالیز شدند. بین ساعت 7 و 9، حیوانات نگهداری شده در مرتع باز چرای بیشتر و شاخص نشخوار کمتری نسبت به حیوانات نگهداری شده در علوفه بادم زمینی نشان دادند. در طول زمان‌های داغ روز، حیوانات نگهداری شده در مرتع باز شاخص چرای بالاتری نشان دادند. حیوانات تیمارهای A و C شاخص چرای چرای بالاتری نسبت به آنهایی که در تیمار B قرار داشتند بین ساعت 15 و 17 نشان دادند. حیوانات نگهداری شده در muvuca شاخص چرای بالاتری داشتند، که منتج به نشخوار و استراحت کمتر، در پایان روز شد. در کل، سیستم جنگل-زراعی چرا و شاخص نشخوار را تثبیت کرده و شاخص چرا در طول دوره زمانی داغ روز را افزایش می‌دهد.

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