بررسی تطبیقی شاخص‌های پایداری اجتماعی در انواع بافت‌های شهری (مطالعه موردی سه محله در بافت‌های جدید، میانی و قدیم در شیراز)
محورهای موضوعی : کالبدی
مریم روستا
1
(استادیار و عضو هیأت علمی بخش شهرسازی- دانشکده هنر و معماری – دانشگاه شیراز)
مهسا چیزفهم دانشمندیان
2
(دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران)
کلید واژه: شیراز, پایداری اجتماعی, بافت شهری, فرم شهری, اجتماع محلی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش در پی آن است که ضمن تدوین چارچوبی از شاخص‌های پایداری اجتماعی در بستر مطالعات شهری، وضعیت این شاخص‌ها را در سه پهنه فرمی با ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناسی متفاوت، بررسی نماید.سه محله اسحاق‌بیگ، قاآنی و کوی پزشکان در سه بافت قدیم، میانی و جدید شهر شیراز انتخاب شده و با روش پیمایش کمّی و به کمک پرسشنامه (450 نمونه) به ارزیابی ابعاد و شاخص‌های پایداری اجتماعی در این سه محله پرداخته شده است. در این پرسشنامه 6 عامل از عوامل پایداری اجتماعی در قالب 19 شاخص مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته‌اند. داده‌های حاصل با آزمون تی تک نمونه و آزمون واریانس و آزمون توکی در محیط نرم افزار SPSS تحلیل شده اند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد سطح دو عامل تعاملات اجتماعی و مشارکت اجتماعی در محله تاریخی و ارگانیک اسحاق بیگ بیشتر از دو محله دیگر است. اما چهار عامل حس امنیت، عدالت اجتماعی، روح اجتماعی محله و سکونت خوب، در بافت جدید و مرتفع محله پزشکان بیشتر از دو محله دیگر بوده است. نتایج حاصل از برآیند عوامل نشان می‌دهد که در بافت‌های فشرده، ارگانیک و تاریخی، فرصت‌های تعامل و مشارکت اجتماعی فراهم‌تر است اما در بافت‌های جدید شهری، رضایت از سکونت، امنیت و عدالت اجتماعی وضعیت بهتری دارد.
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