The effect of foliar application of chitosan on yield and essential oil of savory (Saturejaisophylla L.) under salt stress
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان داروییسمیه صالحی 1 , زهرا رضایتمند 2
1 - Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 - Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
کلید واژه: Chitosan, Salt stress, Satureja Isophylla L,
چکیده مقاله :
Background & Aim:Satureja Isophylla L. is a medicinal herb which belongs to the family Lamiacease. Salinity affects the growth, the quality and quantity of essential oils of medicinal plants. Chitosan is also considered as a biological elicitor which plays a role in improving production of secondary metabolites of medicinal herbs. The current project was conducted to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of chitosan on growth indices and the quality and quantity of essential oil under salt stress (salinity). Experimental:In this study, savory was treated by chitosan at three levels (0, 0.2 and 0.4 g/l) and NaCl with three concentrations (0, 50, and 100mM). After a two-week treatment, the dry weight of the root and the stem, the herb height, and the number of leaves and lateral branches were measured. In addition, the composition of the herb's essential oil was analyzed and identified by GC/MS. Results: The results showed that salt stress decreased the dry weight of the root and stem, the herb height, and its number of leaves and lateral stems. Chitosan treatment could amend this reduction. Sodium chloride mutual treatment with the concentration of 50 mM as well as that of chitosan with the concentration of 0.2 g/l had a significant effect on the increase of the yield and quality of the essential oil. The results of the GC/MS analysis showed that 14 main compositions were detected in the essential oil, in which the major amount belonged to P-Cymene (3.13%), Y-Terpinene (28.97%) and Caryacrol ( 59.64%). The findings indicated that the utmost amount of Carvacrol was obtained by the increment of salt stress at the salt concentration of 100 mM and with chitosan concentration of 0.4 g/l; moreover, the greatest amount of P-Cymene and Y-Terpinene was obtained by the increment of salt stress with salt concentration of 50 mM and chitosan concentration of 0.4 g/l. Recommended applications/industries: Chitosan is recommended to be exploited in industry as it has moderating effects against salt stress in addition of the increment influence on the certain secondary metabolites of savory.
مقدمه و هدف:گیاه مرزه Satureja isophella L.)) یکی از گیاهان دارویی متعلق به خانواده نعنا است. تنش شوری در رشد و نمو و کیفیت و کمیت اسانس گیاهان دارویی اثر دارد. نقش کیتوزان نیز به عنوان یک الیسیتور زیستی در بهبود تولید مواد ثانویه گیاهان دارویی عنوان شده است. تحقیق حاضر به منظور بررسی اثر غلظت های مختلف کیتوزان بر برخی شاخص های رشد و کمیت و کیفیت اسانس گیاه مرزه تحت تنش شوری انجام گرفت. روش تحقیق: در این تحقبق گیاه مرزه تحت تیمارهای کیتوزان در سه سطح (4/0، 2/0 و 0) درصد و تیمار با آب نمک (Nacl) در غلظت های (100، 50 و 0) میلی مولار قرار گرفت. پس از دو هفته از تیمار دهی وزن خشک ریشه و ساقه و ارتفاع گیاه و تعداد برگ و شاخه های جانبی گیاه اندازه گیری شد، همچنین تجزیه و شناسایی اجزاءاسانس گیاه بااستفاده از دستگاه GC/MS انجام گرفت. نتایج وبحث: نتایج این تحقیق نشان می دهد که تنش شوری باعث کاهش وزن خشک ریشه و ساقه و ارتفاع گیاه و تعداد برگ و شاخه های جانبی گیاه می شود و تیمار کیتوزان می تواند این کاهش را تعدیل نماید. تیمار متقابل کلرید سدیم در غلظت 50 میلی مولار وهمچنین کیتوزان در غلظت 2/0 در صد اثر معنی داری بر روی افزایش حجم و کیفیت اسانس در گیاه مرزه دارد. که با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده از آنالیز GC/MS 14 ترکیب اصلی در اسانس تشخیص داده شد که بیشترین ترکیبات P-Cymene به میزان 13/3 ، Y-Terpinene به میزان 97/28 و Caryacrolبه میزان 64/59 بدست آمده است. نتایج نشان می دهد که با افزایش تنش شوری در غلظت 100 میلی مولار نمک و غلظت 4/0 کیتوزان بیشترین میزان کارواکرول و در غلظت 50 میلی مولار نمک و 4/0 کیتوزان بیشترین میزان P-Cymene و Y-Terpinene بدست آمده است.
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