بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر تمایلات رفتاری نسبت به استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات در کارکنان مدارس الکترونیکی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیزهره شکیبایی 1 , عذرا سمنانی 2 , مریم گلی‌توانا 3
1 - استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
2 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
3 - دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
کلید واژه: مدارس الکترونیکی, تمایل رفتاری نسبت به استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات, سازگاری ادراک شده, سودمندی ادراک شده, سهولت ادراک شده, تجربه نسبت به استفاده,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر تمایلات رفتاری نسبت به استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات در کارکنان مدارس الکترونیکی استان گیلان انجام شد. روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بوده است. جامعه آماری، شامل کلیه کارکنان مدارس الکترونیکی استان گیلان به تعداد 2145 بود. حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول کوکران 326 نفر برآورد گردید و از روش نمونه‌گیری غیراحتمالی در دسترس استفاده شد. ابزار پژوهش شامل پرسش‌نامه محقق ساخته برای اندازه‌گیری متغیرهای اثرگذار بر تمایلات رفتاری نسبت به استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات میباشد. جهت سنجش روایی ابزار از روش روایی صوری و روایی همگرا با استفاده از میانگین واریانس استخراج شده (AVE) که بالاتر از 0/5 برآورد گردید، استفاده شد و پایایی ابزار با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ 0/85 و همچنین، با استفاده از اعتبار ترکیبی از طریق ضریب دیلون- گلدنشتاین بالای 0/7 محاسبه شد. تحلیل دادهها از طریق آمار استنباطی و تکنیک آماری مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری با رویکرد حداقل مربعات جزیی انجام شده است. نتایج حاکی از تأثیر هنجارهای ذهنی، سودمندی ادراک شده، سهولت ادراک شده، ریسک ادراک شده، تجربه نسبت به استفاده و انتظار بهبود عملکرد بر تمایل رفتاری نسبت به استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات دارد. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد، سازگاری ادراک شده در رابطه بین سودمندی ادراک شده و سهولت ادراک شده، ریسک ادراک شده، تجربه نسبت به استفاده، انتظار بهبود عملکرد و تمایلات رفتاری نسبت به استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات، نقش تعدیل‌کنندگی دارد.
The research was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting behavioral tendencies toward using information technology in Guilan electronic schools staffs. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all the staff of the electronic schools of Guilan province with the 2145 number of participants. The sample size was estimated to be 326 by Cochran formula as well as available inaccurate sampling. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire to measure the variables affecting behavioral tendencies toward the use of information technology. In order to measure the validity of the tool, face and convergent validity were used through the mean of variance (AVE), which was more than 0.5. Calculating Cronbach's Alpha showed the reliability of the tool was 0.85, also calculating Dillon-Goldstein coefficient combined validity indicated the result above 0.7. Data analysis was carried out by the use of inferential statistics and statistical technique of structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach. The results indicated the effect of subjective norms, perceived usefulness, perceived ease, perceived risk, experience in comparison to the use and the expectation of performance improvement on behavioral tendency toward using information technology. Also, the results showed that perceived adaptation has a moderating role in the relationship between perceived usefulness and perceived ease, perceived risk, experience with use, expectation of performance improvement and behavioral tendencies toward the use of information technology.
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_||_Abdulwand, M. A. (2013). An investigation of the factors affecting the acceptance of internet banking by combining two models of technology acceptance and theory of planned behavior with consumer perceived risk and profit. Marketing Management, 15, 2-14. (in Persian).
Ahmadi Deh Ghotboddini, M., Meshkani, M., & Mohammad Khani, A. (2010). Effect of computer self-efficacy and computer anxiety on the structures of the davis technology acceptance model: New perspectives of social psychology. Psychological Research, 13(1), 51-72. (in Persian).
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Akbar, F. (2013). What affects students’ acceptance and use of technology? Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences. Dietrich College Honors Theses,Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved from http://repository.cmu.edu/hsshonors
Akturan, U., & Tezcan, N. (2012). Mobile banking adoption of the youth market: Perceptions and intentions. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 30(4), 444-459.
Alirezaie, A., Jabbarzadeh, H. Haji Akhundi, A., & Youshanlouie, H. (2014). Adoption of teleworking technology in tehran organizations: Explaining the Role of Social Influence, Motivation and Facilitating Conditions. Information Technology Management, 5(3), 105-122. (in Persian).
Atafar, A., Khazai Poul, J., & Pour Mustafa Khoshkrodi, M. (2013), Factors affecting acceptance of information technology in the tourism industry. Tourism Management, 7(18), 131-156. (in Persian).
Ayeh, J. (2015). Travellers’ acceptance of consumer-generated media: An integrated model of technology acceptance and source credibility theories. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 173-180.
Baradaran, V. (2015). Factors affecting internet banking by legal persons based on the development of technology acceptance model (Case Study: New economy bank), Technology Development Management, 3(1), 99-122. (in Persian).
Bhatiasevi, V., & Yoopetch, C. (2015). The determinants of intention to use electronic booking among young users in Thailand. Hospitality and Tourism Management, 23, 1-15.
Cai, Z., Fan, X., & Du, J. (2017). Gender and attitudes toward technology use: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Computers & Education, 105, 1-13.
Chen, Shih-Chih., Jong, Din. & Lai, Min-Tsai. (2014). Assessing the relationship between technology readiness and continuance intention in an e-appointment system: Relationship quality as a mediator. Med Syst, 38, 1-12.
Cheung Chan, S., & Te Lu, D. M. (2004). Understanding internet banking adoption and use behavior: A Hong Kong perspective. Global Information Management, 12(3), ABI/INFORM Global pg. 21 2004.
Chien, S.-H., Chen, Y-H., & Hsu, C.-Y. (2012). Exploring the impact of trust and relational embeddedness in e-marketplaces: An empirical study in Taiwan. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(3), 460-468.
Chiou, Y. (2012). Perceived usefulness, perceive ease of use, computer attitude, and using experience of Web 2.0 applications as predictors of intent to use Web 2.0 by pre-service teachers for teaching. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A, 72, 4527. Retrieved from EBSCOhost
Chow, M., Herold, D. K., Choo, T. M., & Chan, K. (2012). Extending the technology acceptance model to explore the intention to use second life for enhancing healthcare education. Computers and Education, 59(4), 1136-1144.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340.
Dishaw, M. T., Strong, D. M., & Bandy, D. B. (2002). Extending the task-technology fit model with self-efficacy constructs. Retrieved from www.melody.syr.edu/hci/ amcis02_minitrack/RIP/Dishaw.pdf
Dutot, V. (2015). Factors influencing Near Field Communication (NFC) adoption: An extended TAM approach. High Technology Management Research, 26, 45-57.
Ertmer, P. A., Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A. T., Sadik, O., Sendurur, E., & Sendurur, P. (2012). Teacher beliefs and technology integration practices: A critical relationship. Computers and Education, 59(2), 423-435. Retrieved from http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.02.001
Fazio, R. H., & Roskos-Ewoldsen, D. R. (2005). Acting as we feel: When and how attitudes guide behavior. In T. C. Brock, & M. C. Green (Eds.), Persuasion: Psychological insights and perspectives. Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Inc.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Giovanis, A. N., Binioris, S., & Polychronopoulos, G. (2012). An extension of TAM model with IDT and security/privacy risk in the adoption of internet banking services in Greece. EuroMed Journal of Busines, 7(1), 24-53.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2012). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-151.
Heidari, H., Alborzi, M., & Mosa Khani, M. (2016). Effective factors on encouraging students to use social networks as a virtual learning network. Human Interaction and Information, 3(2), 57-69. (in Persian).
Ho, S. M, Ocasio, M., & Booth, C. (2017). Trust or consequences? Causal effects of perceived risk and subjective norms on cloud technology adoption. Computers & Security. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/doi: 10.1016/j.cose.2017.08.004
Hosseini, S., Mirzaie Alavijeh, M., Ataei, M., Jalilian, F., Karami Matin, B., & Rastegar, L. (2015). Admission of e-learning from the perspective of faculty members of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Medical Education, 14(5), 447-437. (in Persian).
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