Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning: 1 (1)

Open Access Article

1 - Environmental Quality Analysis of Interior Spaces for Local Housing in Mountainous Regions of Guilan with an Emphasis on Thermal Comfort (The Case Study: Dowsaledeh Village, Rudbar)
Farnaz Farasati Farhang Mozaffar Farshad Nasrollahi Nasrollah Molaei Hashjin

since old times, human beings have been making shelters to deal with external factors and live with comfort. Later, scientists found that the higher the quality of the interior spaces of made environment be, ranging from cooling or thermal comfort, audio and even better More

since old times, human beings have been making shelters to deal with external factors and live with comfort. Later, scientists found that the higher the quality of the interior spaces of made environment be, ranging from cooling or thermal comfort, audio and even better interior ventilation, it will have a significant role in physical and, mental health of the residents.  Because of the ruggedness and impassibility of the most mountainous regions, providing thermal comfort with fossil fuels needs electricity and gas grid, which is difficult to achieve, and is not cost-effective. On the other hand, making roads and power grids equals subsequent loss of hectares of forests and consequently tens of plant and animal species. Due to lack of this comfort, forest and mountain dwellers and tribal people are forced to wander and immigrate unplanned to urban and suburban areas, which in turn have grounded serious problems. Accordingly, this article pays special attention to the indoor thermal comfort in mountainous settlements. The case study is located in Dowsaledeh village (Khorgam, Rudbar) and the main questions that are answered in this research are:  A. how can dominant native rural settlements of mountainous areas of Guilan be studied in terms of thermal comfort during a year on valid scientific methods? And B. In what period of a year do these settlements provide suitable thermal comfort and at what times will it be difficult? Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Evaluation of Urban Defenseless Spaces Using Safety Audit (Case Study: Tehran Harandi Neighborhood)
Hossein Farhdikhah Keramatollah Zyari Mohsen Kalantari

security and sense of it in cities is one of the most important needs of the citizens that the reduction or lack of them affect heavily on the quality of life of citizens and their use of urban spaces, particularly urban public spaces is negatively affected. Meanwhile, More

security and sense of it in cities is one of the most important needs of the citizens that the reduction or lack of them affect heavily on the quality of life of citizens and their use of urban spaces, particularly urban public spaces is negatively affected. Meanwhile, existence of defenseless spaces in a neighborhood is among the main factors that reduce security for citizens. This issue in worn and old urban areas, according to their physical and social condition, is more obvious. The aim of this study is investigating urban defenseless spaces in Harandi neighborhood. This study is among applied one and research method is descriptive and analytical and data collecting is done by documents - field. In field section, direct observation and a questionnaire in chart of model safety assessment examine the issue. For data analysis SPSS software is used. Cronbach Alpha for the questionnaire is designed 0/896 (more than 0/7). The results show that safety space through the neighborhood is inadequate (mean =0/238). The results also indicates that among the studied indicators, the presence of people in space (private space or too much congestion) has the greatest impact on defenseless neighborhood spaces (B=0/237). Finally, to improve making safety of spaces defenseless in neighborhood level solutions are presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Assessment and Analysis of Physical Development and Land Use Changes on Parsabad Moghan City Using Remote Sensing Data
Mohamad Reza Pourmohammadi Mehdi Moazzeni Bahman Hadili

Random urban growth leads to urban development and land use changes. Changes in land use in urban areas typically reflect the economic development and population growth. Parsabad city as a newly established city in recent years has seen rapid physical development as wel More

Random urban growth leads to urban development and land use changes. Changes in land use in urban areas typically reflect the economic development and population growth. Parsabad city as a newly established city in recent years has seen rapid physical development as well. This expansion causes changes in land use of the city and suburbs. The research method is descriptive-analytical, data collection method is documentary and field method, and tools used in this research for analyzing the data include ENVI 5, IDRISI SELVA, and ARC GIS softwares. In this study in order to analyse urban development and land use changes during different periods, remote sensing data, Landsat sensor TM in 1989 satellite images, the ETM 2002 Landsat, and Landsat 8 (OLI) 2015 on June months have been used. For analyzing the changes, Crosstab function in Idrisi Selva’s environement is used. The results showed that build-up urban land area has expanded from 278 hectares in 1989 to 560 hectares in 2002 and 820 hectares in 2015 year. The amount of urban development play a major role at the Loss of other lands, especially barren and farm lands, subsequently led to declination of barren land area from 1059 hectares in 1989 to 192 hectares in 2015. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Assessment of Urban Green Space by Using Network Analysis Strategy to Achieve Sustainable Development (Case Study: Zanjan Biseem Zone)
Issa Ebrahimzade Mohsen Shateryan Sayed Ahmad Hosseini Sohrab Amiryan

Today the city without green space in its various forms is no longer imaginable. Consequences of urban development and the complexity of environmental problems has caused inevitability of expansion and availability of green space. Based on this, abilities and threats fo More

Today the city without green space in its various forms is no longer imaginable. Consequences of urban development and the complexity of environmental problems has caused inevitability of expansion and availability of green space. Based on this, abilities and threats for examining condition of urban green spaces and finally offering the best model in the existing condition and urgent requirement in favorite condition and analysis of these factors used for this paper. In this paper, examining index green spaces that include environmental domain, economic and social framework in the area under study are determined and with respect to the structure of area, so in order to assess the distribution of green space in the city of Zanjan was used indicator of average nearest neighbor, analytic network process model are used for analyzing the mentioned issue SWOT model used into the analysis strategy net model for integration and final strategy. The result of this research shows that the spatial distribution of green space is quite cluster, thus, according to 0.74 square meters per capita, based on the results of network analysis open green space in the area with a score of expanding green spaces in the area surface with 0.6342 is the best strategy, considering index O (cost) above mentioned and the right of priority and appropriate site selection, we can identify the best siting the area for expanding green spaces. The results of this study can help urban programmer in understanding and giving priority to urban issues and find solutions for removing these problems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigating the Social Consequences of Tourism Development in Second Houses (Case Study: Ziarat Village)
Zahra Sharifinia Ali Reza Estelaji

Growing and expanding tourism in today's fashion is one of the important phenomena of the late 20th century. Improving public transportation and the ownership of more private vehicles allowed people to buy second houses instead of healthy non-urban recreation and person More

Growing and expanding tourism in today's fashion is one of the important phenomena of the late 20th century. Improving public transportation and the ownership of more private vehicles allowed people to buy second houses instead of healthy non-urban recreation and personal investment in property purchases. Ziarat Village is considered by the townspeople and tourists of the second houses due to the cool climate, unique landscape, beautiful forests, tourist destinations and low distance to Gorgan since the early 2000's. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between tourism of the second houses and its social consequences in the development of the village of Ziarat. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey and correlation method. Library and field run methodology. The Statistic community of the study is residents of the village of Ziarat, and the sample size is 384 people. The results of the research showed that there is no relationship between increasing social interaction and social mobility preventing emigrants from villages and reviving indigenous knowledge of rural forgotten and developing tourism, in other indicators here is a relationship between the development of tourism in the second houses and its social consequences through village. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Optimal Locating of Rural Waste Disposal with Fuzzy Logic in Zarrindasht County
Mohsen Shayan Ali Akbar Anabestani Sajjad Bazvand

Rural environmental protection is considered as one of rural development requirements. One of the most important issues in rural areas, is the perfect place to dispose waste. The main purpose of this research is spatial analysis operation using GIS technology and FAHP t More

Rural environmental protection is considered as one of rural development requirements. One of the most important issues in rural areas, is the perfect place to dispose waste. The main purpose of this research is spatial analysis operation using GIS technology and FAHP techniques in order to locate the optimal range waste disposal of Zarrindasht city. For this purpose, in the first stage, using nine information layers which includes layers of information, distance to fault, distance from the canals, geology, soil type, distance to roads, distance from settlements, altitude, slope and land use was formed. Then, a questionnaire was designed for this purpose, and was prepared by the consultant engineers responsible for Rural Guide Plans, and finally experts of Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution were completed that, twenty people have answered the questionnaire completely. The results show that the most optimal landfill sites were near roads and most inappropriate places were near the human settlements. The results obtained from FAHP also suggest that the measure of distance from human settlements was dedicated the most weight to themselves by a coefficient 0/232 and measure of the height was dedicated the lowest weight to themselves. The area of 4626-square-kilometer of Zarrindasht, 3.83 percent was quite suitable, 48/98 percent was suitable, 35/82 percent was fairly suitable, 9/03 percent was unsuitable and 2/33 was completely unsuitable for landfill. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Evaluation of Effective Factors on Strengthening Vitality of Urban Walkways (Case Study: Alam-Al-Hoda Walkway in Rasht)
Maryam Ghorbanpour Nader Zali Mokhtar yourdkhani Seyed Reza Azadeh

In recent decades, following the uncontrolled urban expansion and the growing importance of cars, the role of pedestrians in urban areas reduces, this has created dull spaces in cities and reduced the vitality of urban spaces.Therefore the vitality of urban spaces is on More

In recent decades, following the uncontrolled urban expansion and the growing importance of cars, the role of pedestrians in urban areas reduces, this has created dull spaces in cities and reduced the vitality of urban spaces.Therefore the vitality of urban spaces is one of the most important concerns of urban planning knowledge. In this study with the purpose of assessing the status of city walkways vitality and with the descriptive-analytical method, Alam-al-Hoda walkway of Rasht is studied. In this regard, the conceptual model of research with four criteria (land use and activity, physical, access and connection and climatic and environmental) and 16 indexes were considered. Then, these criteria were evaluated by questionnaires within the framework of the Likert scale by 380 users of Alam-al-Hoda walkway. In the land use and activity Criterion diversity of people activities in the walkway, in the physical Criterion urban furniture, in the access and connection Criterion movement fluency on the streets around the walkway and  in the climatic and environmental Criterion, climatic comfort are gained the lowest average of each criteria. Then, the strategies derived from SWOT were ranked by AHP technique and a survey of 20 experts. The results show that the strategy of "equipping of the space based on climate of Rasht in order to increasing the presence of people in the space" gained the first rank and the strategy of "Increasing connection of the walkway" gained the last rank. Finally, based on the strategies, action plans for enhancing the vitality were presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Evaluation of Physical-Spatial Structure of Iranian Cities from Point Of View of Modernism and Postmodernism (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis)
Yousef Zeinolabedin Nobakht Sobhani Faranak Saeidifard Majid Akbari

Investigating stages of physical growth and development in the cities of the world indicates the effect of two paradigms of modernism and postmodernism on the organization and spatial structure of cities. So that the effects of these two paradigms have led to the develo More

Investigating stages of physical growth and development in the cities of the world indicates the effect of two paradigms of modernism and postmodernism on the organization and spatial structure of cities. So that the effects of these two paradigms have led to the development of cities, the establishment and development of communication networks and highways, the creation of satellite towns and suburbs , and the greatest impact on the spatial and physical area of cities. Modernism and the effect of that modernity have had fundamental effects on the social, political, economic, cultural and physical spheres and most of all targeting the transformation of the urban community, including the city's physical-spatial dimensions, also they have greatly changed the concepts of urban culture. On the other hand, postmodernism has also had an impact on the spatial structure of city in terms of economic, social, political and methodological issues. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the spatial structure of Tehran metropolis from the perspective of modernism and postmodernism. The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytic and data collection is based on library and documentary studies. The results show that in modernism, components such as the physical viewpoint and single-dimensional urbanization, the creation of space spheres such as the creation of highways, air networks and architecture and high-rise construction and beady, respectively, were in the first to third positions, also in postmodernism components such as the mixed use and the diversity of housing construction, the existence of the principle of choice in the structure of city, and the average density and combined use of the combination, played a role in the first to third positions in terms of influencing the spatial structure on Tehran metropolis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Evaluating of Life Quality Satisfaction of the Residents in Germi City
Asghar Pashazadeh Hamid Jalalian

The conception of "life quality" has considered in regard to the qualitative aspects of human life, and evaluation of “life satisfaction” has covered to all human groups in various forms. Nowadays, the life quality in cities and the satisfaction of it is som More

The conception of "life quality" has considered in regard to the qualitative aspects of human life, and evaluation of “life satisfaction” has covered to all human groups in various forms. Nowadays, the life quality in cities and the satisfaction of it is something that will be addressed in urban management and planning. In this field, the purpose of the present has been evaluating the satisfaction of life quality in Germi City (Iran) and comparing of the heptahedral quarters of the city which has done using with 62 mental indices classified in eight variable groups. This research has the objective of the survey and is among the applied research. The populations of the investigation are Germi's residents that among them 378 questionnaires- based on Cochran formula- were distributed randomly in classified manner. The reliability of the questionnaire has been measured by using Cronbach's alpha (was found at 0.82). Data analysis has been held by single T- test, ANOVA Test (one-way), Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman Tests as needed. The results show the quality of life in Germi has evaluated in undesired level on behalf of residents and in total the amount of satisfaction from the whole indices is less than the mean (Speculative Mean=3).The one-way ANOVA Test shows there is a difference between individual demographic characteristics of respondents and their idea of urban life quality. Moreover, there are differences between the heptahedral quarters of the city in viewpoint of life quality so that can be classified in four levels. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Identifying Factors Affecting on Rural Immigration to Sardasht City
Reza Movahedi Masoud Samiyan

Most of researches on rural immigration to cities have mainly focused on identifying reasons and factors for taking place this emigration until new solutions and strategies can be presented for rural development planning. Therefore, this study has focused on exploring v More

Most of researches on rural immigration to cities have mainly focused on identifying reasons and factors for taking place this emigration until new solutions and strategies can be presented for rural development planning. Therefore, this study has focused on exploring various factors affecting the rural immigration to Sardasht city. The study was a quantitative and descriptive-analytic in terms of nature but in terms of data collection method it has used a kind of surveying methodology. Data collection tool was a questionnaire that validated by face validity method as well as the questionnaire's reliability tested by using a Cronbach's Alpha technique. Statistical society of the study was emigrants of 10 villages of Sardasht that have been settled in cities and their population was 600 people. Using Cochran formula, 120 of them were selected from the whole society randomly. According to the results of this study, factors affecting emigration of rural immigrants in Sardasht city can be divided into ten factors that these factors, in total, determine more than 74% of effective factors in emigration: economic and supportive (23%), imbalance between rural and urban facilities (10%), communication and information (8%), cultural (8%), geographical (5%), income (4%), infrastructure (4%), weather and climate (3%), social (3%), and personal factors (2%). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Analysis of Effective Factors on Regeneration of Historic Urban Spaces (Case Study: Mashgh Square, Tehran)
Zohreh Fanni Farzaneh Shirzadi

This research is based on approach of restoring the urban space in improving the quality of space through induction spirit of social functions and re-attracting people to urban space. Therefore, we have efforted to provide a conceptual model of main influential and infl More

This research is based on approach of restoring the urban space in improving the quality of space through induction spirit of social functions and re-attracting people to urban space. Therefore, we have efforted to provide a conceptual model of main influential and influencing aspects on urban space’s quality. Then, by examining the views of people and experts, it is explained components and effective factors on the revitalization of Mashgh Complex. It provides a closer analysis of place's quality and could be a basis for the decision making process. The research is of theoretical/practical with analytical-descriptive nature. Its theoretical foundations was set through documentary, library studies and information/data have provided through interviews and questionnaires collected from beneficiaries and experts. The study society contains the residents and business owners as well as professionals and experts in the field of rehabilitation and restoration of environment-physical. Study indicators are four categories of activity-functional, physical-spatial, socio-cultural and vision-view. The results showed that base on the coefficients of 40 studied varieties, variables of arts and cultural activities, informal activities, nightlife, tourism and recreational activities functional scale, lighting, street furniture, closed space, the effect of the arrangement of space on communication and interaction between people, monitoring and security, the presence of people, landscape and scenery, memorability of space are influenced on the regeneration and functional restoration. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Assessment of the Second House Tourism Role on the Quality Of Life of Permanent Residents (Case Study: Saidabad Counnty- Ijrud Township)
Azam Bigdeli Jamshid Einali Alireza Rabet Fariba Abbasi

Rural tourism as a socio-economic activity can play an important role in diversification of rural economy by creating job and income opportunities; this can also help to improve and enhance the quality of life in rural communities. The purpose of this study was to inves More

Rural tourism as a socio-economic activity can play an important role in diversification of rural economy by creating job and income opportunities; this can also help to improve and enhance the quality of life in rural communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of second houses tourism on life quality of permanent residents in rural areas of Saidabad County in Ijrud Township (Zanjan Province). In this applied research we have used descriptive- analytical methods. For data collection, field techniques such as questionnaire and interview were used. For data analyzing, statistical tests such as one sample t-test, correlation and multiple variable regression were used. The sample includes villages in Saidabad County and from the total number of 818 households, 216 cases were chosen by using Cochran formula. The results of study show that tourism developments in the last decade have had positive impacts on the criteria of life quality in rural areas. On the other hand, results of regression analysis, according to R square coefficient (0.924), indicate the positive effect of second houses tourism development on improving the residents' life quality indicators in the study area; so that among the impacts of developing second houses tourism on life quality, economic (0.450) and physical- infrastructural (0.349) aspects respectively have had the most direct impact on life quality index from the viewpoints of local residents; and also the result of path analysis shows that second houses tourism development has had the greatest impact on residents' life quality in economic (0.716) and physical- infrastructural (0.640) dimensions respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Assessment the Development of Sustainable Tourism in Rural Tourism Target (Case Study: Darsajin and Golabar Villages in the Zanjan Province)
Ahmad Roumiani Khadijah Abbas Rashid Fereydoun Khadem

One of the undeniable economic and social facts in human societies is tourism. It is an activity that is accomplished as a response to human being’s inner needs to have relaxation, know various cultures and enjoy natural mint attractions. Rural tourism is one of i More

One of the undeniable economic and social facts in human societies is tourism. It is an activity that is accomplished as a response to human being’s inner needs to have relaxation, know various cultures and enjoy natural mint attractions. Rural tourism is one of its subdivisions that can play an important role on rehabilitating villages, reinforcing employment and the residents’ income, protecting natural, historical and cultural heritage and finally causing a sustainable and uniform rural development based on the cultural and natural capacities of the rural districts. Along this, the present research aimed to study the effect of the residents’ support of developing sustainable tourism in Darsajin and Golabar rural districts, located in Abhar and Ijrod counties, respectively. The present research is of an applied type in which descriptive analytical approach is implemented. To gather the required data, Desk work (library) and field work research methods (questionnaire –observation) were used. Statistical population of the present study is composed of residents of the two target rural districts ( Darsajin  and Golabar) that was estimated 2825 people based on the census done in 2011.Having applied Cochran formula, 290 questionnaires were distributed randomly among the people who were living in the rural districts. In order to analyze the data (one-sample t-test, multivariate regression, correlation tests) and Lisrel model were utilized. Findings indicated that there is significant relationship between social dependency indices, costs received, social participation, benefits received and the residents’ support of developing tourism industry. Moreover, it was represented that supporting the sustainable tourism in the sample districts by residents had positive and direct effects on tourism growth and improved the quality of the residents’ life. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Assessing Development Status of Health - Treatment Indicator by Using Planning Tecniques and Providing a Composite Model (Case Study: Zagros Region)
Nader Shohani Borhan Vesi Nab Sara Kkodayi Sohrab Amirian

Equitable distribution of health facilities is one of the main prerequisites to increase the level of community services and health care. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and rank degree of development of Zagros Mountains regions in health - treatment index by c More

Equitable distribution of health facilities is one of the main prerequisites to increase the level of community services and health care. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and rank degree of development of Zagros Mountains regions in health - treatment index by care planning model (VIKOR, TOPSIS and taxonomy correction). The results of these three models provide integrated model based on the integration techniques. Required data and information which includes 35 variables, refer to the relevant organizations (health, etc.) and the site data has been collected (about 90 years). Research method is descriptive - analytical and used Excel and SPSS statistical software for analyzing data and ArcGIS for better spatial analysis of development through provinces. The results show that there is a vast gap of benefitting of health - treatment index between the provinces, because only Hamadan and Kurdistan provinces are benefiting from it and the provinces of Kermanshah, Ilam and Lorestan are at a low level. Finally, changing speed equation showed that right-modification taxonomy model is more proper way than other models (VIKOR and TOPSIS) to assess the status of development areas because the results of the model has less degree and intensity of change. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Evaluating Satisfaction of Mehr Housing with an Emphasis on Social Sustainability (Case Study: Mehr Housing of Yasouj City)
Solomon Mohammadi doost Mohammad Ali Khanizadeh Fariba Namaziyan

Mehr housing project is the largest national housing scheme that due to its broadness and being a massive new project, it is necessary to examine the results of such experience. Regarding the fact that in the process of urban planning paying attention to social issues a More

Mehr housing project is the largest national housing scheme that due to its broadness and being a massive new project, it is necessary to examine the results of such experience. Regarding the fact that in the process of urban planning paying attention to social issues as an integral part of urban plans is inevitable. We can examine and determine the influential approaches on social concepts by designating social sustainability dimensions. This research was conducted by assuming the lack of social sustainability in residential projects of Mehr housing in Yasouj and its purpose is to identify, evaluate and assess social sustainability indices in Yasouj Mehr housing projects (Sarvak and Terminal). The research method is descriptive _analytical with a practical type. The data collection tools include documentary studies and surveys using questionnaire distribution and interviews with residents. The sample size in this project based on Cochran formula is equal to 300 and the reliability measurement using Cronbach's alpha was 0.81 and data analysis was done using SPSS software. Results, despite enormous difficulties in the above-mentioned project (lack of adequate credit for completing these projects, lack of appropriate public places, absence of educational environment and standard per capita, etc) through the evaluation of social sustainability indicators, site belonging, social trust, social participation, the satisfaction of residents of Sarvak of Mehr housing and Yasouj terminal was estimated at its average level (22/3). This average satisfaction is due to the fact that the residents of these projects are low-income strata of society (disabled and people supported by social institutions). Nevertheless, the apparent fact is that these projects are of low quality when it comes to the standards. Manuscript profile

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