Number 44 Volume 12

Open Access Article

1 - Environmental evaluation on heavy metals in coastal sediments of the Bandar-e- Imam and Deylam, North Persian Gulf, Iran
Ghodratollah rostamipaydar hooman moradpour

Evaluation of heavy metals is essential to monitoring of soil pollution, maintain the quality of the environment and human health. The aims of these study to assess concentrations of heavy metals in Bandar-e-Imam and Deylam coastal sediments. The data collected during 2 More

Evaluation of heavy metals is essential to monitoring of soil pollution, maintain the quality of the environment and human health. The aims of these study to assess concentrations of heavy metals in Bandar-e-Imam and Deylam coastal sediments. The data collected during 2015, in 20 stations, 43 samples were collected from coastal sediments and heavy metals were analyzed by ICP-MS and atomic absorption. Then, statistical parameters and important geoenvironmental index such as geoaccumulation index(Igeo), Enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor(Cf), degree of contamination(Cd), Pollution load index(Pli) and ecological risk index(Er) was calculated and for the best distributoin we used inverse distance weighting interpolation (IDW) and radial basis function (RBF) with five sub-branch of the local polynomial method (LP) and global (GP). Based on the results of chemical analysis the average of the chromium, mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium is 54.27, 0.07, 5.49, 10.13 and 0.25 mg/kg respectively. As following the concentration of heavy metals is compared with similar studies in the world. The study area has a heavy manufacturing industries and harbor position, so heavy metal pollution showed a dominant performance of anthropogenic activities and in comparison, risk of contamination in the Bandar-e- Imam  is higher than the Deylam shoreline. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Geochemical studies of stream sediment to determine the shear zone-related gold mineralization (Case study of Alut area in Kurdistan province)
Fardin Ahmadi Mahyadin Mohamadpour

Geochemical studies of stream sediments are one of the most common methods in mineral exploration, specifically used for gold prospecting. In this study, the univariate statistical parameters, such as the comparison of the maximum and minimum of each element with the ba More

Geochemical studies of stream sediments are one of the most common methods in mineral exploration, specifically used for gold prospecting. In this study, the univariate statistical parameters, such as the comparison of the maximum and minimum of each element with the background were used in order to identify the Influential elements. Then histogram and probability diagram were prepared. Subsequently influential components and Elements that are closely linked together, were identified using multivariate statistical methods such as Principal Component Analysis. These analyses indicate that six elements (including Au, Hg, Be, Mo, Ti, and Sn) are more important than others. The components of 3 and 7 as influential components were identified and these components were mapped. In the next step, the model of influential elements was creating on a logarithmic scale. The result of the modeling indicates that 80% of classification is correct. Subsequently, the gold-element data were divided into three sub-communities including background (code 0), the Community of background to the anomaly (code 1), and the anomaly-community (code 2). Finally, the gold distribution pattern based on these sub-communities was prepared that three parts of the region were presented as potential areas. For 8 elements the map of discriminant analysis shows that Au and As have opposite treatment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Assessment of environmental and geographical potential of agriculture in tourism development, Zirab Region
Azita Zand sahar Dehyori Masoumeh Arfaei Mehdi Shokohifar

The purpose of this study is assessment of environmental and geographical potential of agriculture in tourism development, Zirab Region. The statistical society consists of 860 members of this cooperative. This is applied research with emphasis on correlation study popu More

The purpose of this study is assessment of environmental and geographical potential of agriculture in tourism development, Zirab Region. The statistical society consists of 860 members of this cooperative. This is applied research with emphasis on correlation study population consisted of 1192 patients supervision rural households and 12 rural managers zirab section is that 100 households were selected random and rural managers help. The main tool is the survey questionnaire. Rural development and the dependent variable data analysis software has been used 22 SPSS. In order to assess the validity and reliability of research tool, it is benefit from Cronbach’s alpha and the level of coefficient of Cronbach’s alpha in this research is 0.79 that shows high level of dependability and validity of designed questions. The results indicate that there is a meaningful relationship between Agro tourism, rural development was also stressed that the support of government policies have been effective in agrotourism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Evaluation of heavy metal (Zn, Cu, and Cd) contamination in the organs of wetlands Phragmites Australis and Typha Angustifolia in Anzali wetland
Farzin Sayyad Ghorbani Shirin

Heavy metals are among the most important environmental pollutants that enter the sea through coastal areas and rivers and accumulate through the food chain in aquatic organisms (Ebadi et al., 2005). These elements enter the environment as a result of natural and human More

Heavy metals are among the most important environmental pollutants that enter the sea through coastal areas and rivers and accumulate through the food chain in aquatic organisms (Ebadi et al., 2005). These elements enter the environment as a result of natural and human factors, especially industrial, agricultural and urban wastewater, and accumulate through aquatic food through chain food (Ismaili et al., 2009). Industrial activities increase the burden of heavy metals in the rivers. Aquatic plants have a high ability to measure heavy metals through the process of absorption and accumulation in their tissues due to deposition in the aquatic environment and nutrition from the bed. In this research, we measured the concentration of three heavy metals, Zn, Cu and Cd in sediment samples of wetlands and tissues of wetland Phragmites Australis and Typha angustifolia in Enzily Aziz wetland. For this purpose, three sampling stations were selected in the western part of the wetland and sampled in July 1397. From each station, 1 standard sediment sample was collected with standard van Wang standard and one sample of Phragmites Australis and Typha angustifolia was randomly harvested. Samples in the laboratory after drying and powdering were analyzed by acid digestion method and based on ASTM 2000 standard. The results of this study indicate that the average amount of zinc element in Phragmites Australis tissue from 3 stations was 2266.8 ppm, the average copper element was 8.7 ppm and the average element of cadmium was about 198. ppm. The average amount of zinc element in the tissue of Typha angustifolia was between 3 stations sampled at 315.6 ppm, the average element of copper was 10.66 ppm, and the average element of cadmium was about 49 ppm is. The concentration of zinc in the bedding of the wetland was about 26234 ppm, the concentration of Cozum element was about 22.2 ppm and cadmium was about 1.14 ppm. Evidence suggests increased zinc concentrations compared to other heavy metals found in the root tissues of Phragmites Australis and Typha angustifolia. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigating the potential of convergence and rock explosion and comparing via the Finite Element numerical Method
Aref Jaberi Fooad Zamani

on of the efficacious parameters in sketching elements is evaluating the geology dangers of underground excavations including squeezing and rock  explosions in tunnels. the water transmission system  was constructed from azad dam to degolan- ghorveh plain in o More

on of the efficacious parameters in sketching elements is evaluating the geology dangers of underground excavations including squeezing and rock  explosions in tunnels. the water transmission system  was constructed from azad dam to degolan- ghorveh plain in order to supply water to dehgolan - ghorveh plains. The squeezing and rock e xplosion phenomena were predicted considering the weekness of rock mass of the tunnel track, the overburden thickness and its settlement in the active zone. in the present research, the tunnel was initialy divided in to 5 zones by using the results of geological and borehole drillings. The squeezing and rock explosion in these 5 zones will be discussed later. The tunnel was situated in non squeezing and extreme squeezing zone. Regarding the previous investigations and also the emorical and semi empirical metheds. The tunnel had low potentidity in the view of rock explosion. finally, the Hook and Marinos and critical strain methods were compared via the Finite Element numerical Method using phase2 software. in order to investigate the occured replacement in the tunnel. based on the previous analysis , it was realized that the critical strain method had the most similarities with the  numerical method. as for as the results of numerical and critical strain methods are matched, S3 and S5 zone can be the most unstable zones Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Influence of environmental resources on water pollution and sediment of river bed caused by waste dump at Agh-Dareh mines
Reza Shirinabadi Ehsan Mosavi

As there are mines in Takab, an area situated in the southeast of western Azerbaijan- Iran, and the acidic canals produced in mines and waste dumps as well as layers and marl formations with high permeability around this area, the produced canals provide the conditions More

As there are mines in Takab, an area situated in the southeast of western Azerbaijan- Iran, and the acidic canals produced in mines and waste dumps as well as layers and marl formations with high permeability around this area, the produced canals provide the conditions of releasing heavy metal elements which will bring about defects on the environment and the rivers of this area.  The results of the chemical analyses and the studies indicate that mining activities have affected the natural situation of this area and they have also made several malformations in this area. On the other hand, the climatic rainfalls and the topographical conditions of this area have directed chemicals to penetrate into the area and rapidly contaminate there. Due to the samples taken from two distinct parts of the waste dump, it is indicated that the contamination in this area is mostly caused by chemicals containing arsenic, antihuman and mercury. The southern part of the rivers is highly contaminated. These malformations are mostly observed in sediments and the water of this area.  In fact, the regional farming has been deeply affected. As a result, detecting the contaminated areas and proposing alternatives such as making suitable bedding for waste dump establishments and controlling the waste water by building concrete bulkheads can be considered as the most important solution to overcome the aforementioned proble Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Relationship Between Heavy Metals and Some Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Garangochay Watershed
ramin salmasi

Heavy Metal contamination in Garangochay watershed was reported. Primary experiments of the stream water samples showed Heavy Metal concentrations were several times higher than standard ones. The purpose of this research is that with attention to Heavy Metal pollution More

Heavy Metal contamination in Garangochay watershed was reported. Primary experiments of the stream water samples showed Heavy Metal concentrations were several times higher than standard ones. The purpose of this research is that with attention to Heavy Metal pollution of the water samples, are the soils polluted with these metals. If answer is positive, which soil properties are related to these metals?  For this purpose, after field investigations and the soil sampling and analyses of soil physico-chemical properties and heavy metals, correlation coefficients and cluster analyses of data were determined. Results showed that Cu with OC and Al, Cr, and Mn with clay percentages of soil samples had positive correlation. Five main clusters were determined with cluster analysis that was in agreement with correlation coefficients. Positive correlations between clay and OC of the soil samples with some metals indicate that these 2 soil components with metals fixing, reduce their release into environment. Other researches are necessary to determine geology and anthropogenic sources of these metals. Manuscript profile

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