Baharestan Sokhon: 4 (53)

Open Access Article

1 - ‌‌Thematical Metaphor in the Selected Poetry from Araghy Style Poets
Farideh Naderi Zonooz Zhaleh Serati Mohammad Pashaei Mehtarloo Hossein Hajizadeh

Abstract Thematical metaphor emphasizes on the relation between language and speculation and relates it to thinking rather than a mere language issue; and from this point of view it can be said that metaphors are the means for  grasping the ideas. Modeling, exposi More

Abstract Thematical metaphor emphasizes on the relation between language and speculation and relates it to thinking rather than a mere language issue; and from this point of view it can be said that metaphors are the means for  grasping the ideas. Modeling, exposition, rebuilding the implication, concealing the ideology, emotionalism of the view point and creating the sincerity are of its functionalism. Though we don't want to delve into these functions of the whole poetry, we try to use the thematical texture of metaphor to reflect the specific thoughts of the poets in this case. The present essay is to study and analyze the poetry of Araghy Style poets based on thematical metaphor they organize their poetry. The style of the poets who adopt each other's type of composition with new mental scheme are the same and close to each other. This discussion, has been influenced from the paternal poetry and weighs its favourability and lack of adaptability. What is obvious is that the poets of this era have accepted each other's pattern and utilized from each other in one of the three levels of thinking, expression and language. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Countenance of Lover and Beloved in the Diwan ( book of poetry ) of Naziri Nishaboori
Mohammad Amin Ehsani Estahbanati Ali Asghar Yari Estahbanati

Abstract Description of love and explanation of the spiritual conditions of lover and beloved in the literature has special and widespread manifestation. The high frequency of topics on love and literature and culture of nations proves this matter. In the Persian liter More

Abstract Description of love and explanation of the spiritual conditions of lover and beloved in the literature has special and widespread manifestation. The high frequency of topics on love and literature and culture of nations proves this matter. In the Persian literature, expounding of love, whether in numerous abstract love or in mystical heritage, divine love of man to love God or God's love to human being are of the most exquisite and luminous gems of man's thought. At this time, the Indian style, especially Naziri Nishaboori's poetry because of taking advantage of this style, has notable stance. Naziri's lyrics express his internal conditions of mind and are so exquisite that they appeal any listener even if he/she is tasteless. In this research the love and love circumstances are scanned in brevity. This paper has been written in descriptive – analytic method and the findings show that Naziri Nishaboori had special attention to the matter of love and utilized from Araghy style as a previous tradition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Studying the Mythological Elements in the Lyric Works of Amir Khosrow Dehlavi
Parisa Gholamzadeh Nikjou Ayyub Kooshan Rostam Amani

Abstract The mythological and epical elements have so rooted in the Persian literature that they have even been reflected in the lyric and mystical works. The existence of these elements In lyric poetry is the topic of our discussion in this essay. Our aim is to ex More

Abstract The mythological and epical elements have so rooted in the Persian literature that they have even been reflected in the lyric and mystical works. The existence of these elements In lyric poetry is the topic of our discussion in this essay. Our aim is to excavate and explain the reflected mythological elements in Amir Khosrow Dehlavi's lyric works. We want to show those unstudied elements in his poetry. The background of this research are : the reflection of rites in Dehlavi's diwan studying the elements of public culture and the related miracle in it. The research has been done in descriptive-analytic method plus logical reasoning. The procedure is to find distiches linked with the title and their documentation and analyzing each of them. The total reasons attained are :mythological and epic elements in Persian lyric works which have been reflected  in Dehlavi's poetry from which the most prolific reflected elements are the water of animal, Majnoon, Yoosef, Eskandar, Khezr prophet, Nowrooz ; and the least prolific ones are mythological and epical elements as Simorgh, Zal Zar, Yaghoob Rostam and Dara. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Psychological Studying of the Characters in the Two Novels of " The unrefined Wine " and " The Captive of the Time " from Esmail Fassih
Tara Yazdan Doost

AbstractThe narrative works of Esmail Fassih, because of having psychological points and contradictory characters together with positive and negative behavior is a suitable streamline to find the real characteristic types in the world external to the novel. The present More

AbstractThe narrative works of Esmail Fassih, because of having psychological points and contradictory characters together with positive and negative behavior is a suitable streamline to find the real characteristic types in the world external to the novel. The present research deals with the two stories of " The unrefined wine " and " The captive of time " from Esmail Fassih. They are in descriptive – analytic method with intra – disciplinary approach. To elaborate more, we studied the characters of the story with Machiavellian authority type A which is tenacious and self-florishing one. In addition to enumerating the intended themes and attracting the readers, Fassih, introduces the other personalities in his novels, with the conclusion that the axis of his discussion is the bright and dim characters with positive and negative thoughts; though some of them typically are the combinations of two or more characters. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Specifying the Relation of the Foundations of Mystical Anthropology with Ethical commentaryBased on Hume's Aesthetics
Seyyedeh Zahra Tabatabaei Tabatabaei Khalil Bahrami Ghasrchamani Ghasrchamani Javad Ostad Mohammadi

Abstract        Mystical ethics, as one of the strict and profound moral approaches, with its rich and comprehensive anthropology has provided a necessary and sufficient streamline to pose the moral commentary to achieve the highest&nb More

Abstract        Mystical ethics, as one of the strict and profound moral approaches, with its rich and comprehensive anthropology has provided a necessary and sufficient streamline to pose the moral commentary to achieve the highest  ethic teachings. David Hume, a Scottish philosopher, is of the experimentalist school pioneers who considers the ethics in an important stance and even appeals him in the higher level. It has been tried in this essay, to study the relationship of mysticism of anthropology with ethical commentary focused on Hume's aesthetics. Since morality and beauty are both based on the feeling of taste, then are of the same quality. Hume believes that whatever as a result of exquisiteness creates pleasure, is considered preponderance. Therefore, the distinction between virtue and meanness is pleasure and toil. Beauty, as the writers of this essay believe, is of the significant ideas in exposing the ethics in Hume's philosophical system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Analysis the Story of Bijan and Manijeh Based on the Mythology of Fertility
Kobra Jalili Mo'akher Hamid Reza farzi Ebrahim Pour Darghahi Pour Darghahi

AbstractOne of the surviving methods of the myths is their continuum in fiction and story., specifically the folk stories. Some stories in this case tell the myths related to the nature of fertility.The importance of such myths are so that James Frazier calls it the fun More

AbstractOne of the surviving methods of the myths is their continuum in fiction and story., specifically the folk stories. Some stories in this case tell the myths related to the nature of fertility.The importance of such myths are so that James Frazier calls it the fundamental bases of all myths and Mehrdad Bahar labels it as one of the main columns of  myths. The myths of the nature ( fertility ) are those which are in connection with nature's death and its resurrection. Delving in some stories in Persian literature one can find the traits of the myths in nature and fertilization rites. The story of Bijan and Manijeh, in this essay, has been studied in connection with a thematical analytic method. The writers' assumption is that in the deep structure of this story one can find the symbols of myths in the nature. Based on this theory and with its thematical analysis we come to the conclusion that the myths of the nature and the rites of the fertility have been proved. Death and birth of the nature have been symbolically manifested and can be seen in its characters. Furthermore, there are other symbolic elements and archetypes in the text that are in relation with the main theme and have been analyzed thereof. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Analysis of Illusion : imagery , seclusion Atmosphere in Mysticism and Their Reflection on the Soul of the Mystic
Neda Bassari Aziz Hojjaji Kahjoogh Arash Moshfaghi

AbstractIn Islamic mysticism, the similitude atmosphere which in fact is between soul and matter is called middle or imagery atmosphere which is in essence the symbol of requisiteness of runic manifestation on the mysticism and a collection of the paradoxes and superfic More

AbstractIn Islamic mysticism, the similitude atmosphere which in fact is between soul and matter is called middle or imagery atmosphere which is in essence the symbol of requisiteness of runic manifestation on the mysticism and a collection of the paradoxes and superficial sketches. The Islamic law interprets the isthmus world as the imagery world which doesn't have any relationship with human being's thinking power and stands in much higher position than wisdom. Illusion or " false imagery " is always mixed with dream and sometimes creates fear  to a mystic in mystical atmosphere. Enclosure of the mystic in the atmosphere of seclusion is the reflection of his internal and external dialectics in opposing and revision of his amazed soul. This research has been done on the library study based on descriptive – analytic method. The ultimate aim of this research is to prove that imagery is in the border of illusion and reality. Dreams dominate the secluded mystic and the reflection of the suspended and baseless phenomena, in the seclusion atmosphere which are imprinted in the mind and soul of the poet are standards to create mystical works. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - A Comparative Study of the Most Important Elements of the Play in the Poetry of Badr Shaker Assyab and Nima Youshij
Forough  Elahi

AbstractDrama or play is a Greek word which means state, action, and incident which only reminded Greek plays, but nowadays it is not exclusive to a theater but its elements and traits such as dialog, character, incident, struggle ….. and has also appeared in oth More

AbstractDrama or play is a Greek word which means state, action, and incident which only reminded Greek plays, but nowadays it is not exclusive to a theater but its elements and traits such as dialog, character, incident, struggle ….. and has also appeared in other arts and is considered one of the best methods of expression in the contemporary Arabic and Farsi poetry.In the mean time, Badr Shaker Assyab and Nima youshij, having passed of the ancient structure and theme, have entered the dramatic elements in the field of poetry. Freedom from restrictions of rhyme, rhythm, a variety of poetical meters in prosody, extensive use of myth, symbol and their ability in creating new images and tendency to realism led to the opening of new chapter in the innovation of these two well-known Persian and Iraki poets. The present research has been done in descriptive – analytic method based on the comparative literature of American style and has dealt with the most important dramatic of conflict, incidence, dialog, characterization in the above mentioned poets. The results indicate that the dramatic poems of these two poets are in the category of exquisite plays which have been composed to give pleasure to the readers, not for being performed on the stage. Both poets were successful in the conscious  usage of the most significant dramatic elements in their poetry. However, the important distinction is that Nima had more declamatory approach to Syab in composing such poetry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - The Language of Mysticism and its Relationship with shat'h ( self-contradiction )
Vadood Valizadeh

AbstractIn this research we are to explore the reasons of discrepancy in the words of the mystics and study their language to see why shat'h has appeared. There have been numerous ideas about it and its relationship with the language. Some people believe that there is n More

AbstractIn this research we are to explore the reasons of discrepancy in the words of the mystics and study their language to see why shat'h has appeared. There have been numerous ideas about it and its relationship with the language. Some people believe that there is no discrepancy  in the real world but only it appears in speaking . Then there is no opposition, in essence, in the real world. Some experts have had the notion that the mystics have used such esoteric literature to hide the fact from the unworthy people. The others believe that it is because of the personal experiences of some mystics. Other ideas in this case have also been presented. Although each of these tenets may have its own applicability, what appeals much is that the Sufi sects , in talking about the plaintive meaning of metaphysics, had to use the ordinary expressions and it was then that shat'h became popularized. Anytime they used the implications in the sphere of eternity and immortality of man in the material life and its circumstances in society, discrepancy emerged in their works. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Exploration in the Novel of " Ahoo Khanom's Husband " Based on Albert Bandora's Theory in Social – Cognitive Learning
Farhad Hamedi Kamran Pashaei Fakhri Parvaneh Adel Zadeh

Abstract Since studying of the ideas of theoretician thinkers in the domain of learning and getting its implications can be used as a guide for researchers and those who are interested in the subject, the main focus of present research has been led to the study of Albe More

Abstract Since studying of the ideas of theoretician thinkers in the domain of learning and getting its implications can be used as a guide for researchers and those who are interested in the subject, the main focus of present research has been led to the study of Albert Bandora's social-cognitive theory and logical extraction of its implications in the novel of The Ahoo Khanom's Husband written by Ali Mohammad Afghani .Also, the reason that we have chosen this theory is the extension of Bandora's ideas in social, cognition in the domain of learning. The question posed is : which components of social – cognitive theory of Bandora are seen in the above-mentioned novel? The method used in this paper is descriptive – analytic. Of the findings of present research, instances such as observational learning and the components like : attention, remembrance, recreation, and motivation based on which we have studied and analyzed Ahoo Khanom's Husband. All of these indexes have been extensively explained in the text. Manuscript profile

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