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Open Access Article
1 - Investigating the Role of Educational Factors to Protect Urban Landscapes in Tehran Metropolitan
S. M. Mirdamadi Sh. Shokri S. Esmaeili -
Open Access Article
2 - Identifying Obstacles to Implementing a Participatory Green Space Management System: A Qualitative Study Using the Delphi Method
hadis daneshyar seyad mehdi mirdamadi mehrdad niknami farhad lashgararaBackground and Objective: Identifying the obstacles and challenges facing the implementation of participatory management in Tehran Municipality and being aware of the harms and dealing with them in an academic and compassionate way can facilitate the institutionalizatio MoreBackground and Objective: Identifying the obstacles and challenges facing the implementation of participatory management in Tehran Municipality and being aware of the harms and dealing with them in an academic and compassionate way can facilitate the institutionalization of the goals of participatory management and knowledge-based development at the level of the administrative system of the country's municipalities. The present study was carried out with the aim of identifying and implementing the challenges of participatory green space management in Tehran Municipality.Material and Methodology: In this project, the opinions of experts extracted and categorized. The final research model was developed using the classical Delphi technique. The members of the Delphi panel consisted of ten green space experts from Tehran Municipality, District 4, who participated in the research process using purposive sampling. Atlas ti win 7 and SPSS win18 software used to process information and analyze statistical data.Findings: In this research, the qualitative study of barriers and challenges to participatory green space management, barriers and challenges classified into six components of organizational structural barriers, managerial barriers, individual barriers, legal executive barriers, organizational culture barriers and time.Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, in the structural-organizational barriers section, the level of transparency expected by managers from employees is not clear and in the organizational culture barriers section, the lack of citizen participation is the most important challenges and obstacles to implementation. Participatory management system of green space in Tehran Municipality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Estimation and survey of parks and green spaces per capita in Khomein city using remote sensing and satellite imagery
Mahshad Baghery Amir Ansari Azadeh Kazemi Mahmoud Bayat Sahar Heidari Masteali Fatemeh AhmadlooBackground and Objective: Urban green space has a very important role in the sustainability of the city. Green space per capita is one of the main factors to planning and management of a city. In this study, green space per capita estimation of Khomein city was investig MoreBackground and Objective: Urban green space has a very important role in the sustainability of the city. Green space per capita is one of the main factors to planning and management of a city. In this study, green space per capita estimation of Khomein city was investigated. Material and Methodology: Satellite imagery was used to measure green space and parks per capita. For this purpose, using Sentinel-2 imagery, land use map was developed in four classes including: Bare lands, habitat, urban parks and farmlands. The urban park layer was extracted and combined to the four district of Khomein city layer. Then, the green space per capita of each area was calculated. Findings: Green space per capita survey using remote sensing approach shows a severe shortage of urban green space in this city, especially zone 3 in the southeast of the city with 1.66 m2 per capita, meanwhile, this zone had the lowest value among all zones. In this city, green space has an inappropriate distribution and the highest green space per capita value was 3.43 in zone 1. Zones 2 and 4 had an average of 3.22 and 3.27 m2, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: the results show that the green space per capita of the city is very low compared to the standards and requires special attention of decision makers to increase and expand the green space in the city. So in the near future, a comprehensive analysis of the green space and the reasons for this shortage should be addressed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Role of Legal and Criminal Safeguards in Supporting Private Urban Green Space
shirin shirazian mohammad shahpariThe context and purpose of laws and regulations has always been one of the most important and effective tools of governments to preserve the fundamental values of society; Thus, since the 1972 Stockholm Conference, environmental values have been defined as one of th MoreThe context and purpose of laws and regulations has always been one of the most important and effective tools of governments to preserve the fundamental values of society; Thus, since the 1972 Stockholm Conference, environmental values have been defined as one of the fundamental values of human society. All countries are required to develop safeguards to protect the environment. One of the important components of the environment is vegetation, which is known in cities as urban green space. In Iran, several environmental laws have been developed at various levels, including legal, criminal, administrative and regulations. Therefore, laws and regulations are set and developed as tools of urban decision-making structure in order to protect and preserve these spaces in order to achieve the goals of urban sustainability and environmental justice.The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical which has been tried to collect laws, regulations related to the preservation and development of urban green space and also to identify challenges, gaps and shortcomings in the implementation and legal maintenance and development of urban green spaces and its privacy, take action. One of the most important laws in the field of urban green space is the bill on protection and expansion of green space in cities (approved in 1980) and the law amending the law on protection and expansion of green space in cities (approved in 2009). In order to preserve and develop urban green spaces, these laws have resorted to some legal and more criminal enforcement guarantees.The results of this study indicate that the laws and regulations related to green space in Iran are old and have many gaps and criticisms and in some cases it seems that it cannot meet the support needs as well as the development and maintenance of urban green space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Impact of Urban Parks on PM10 Suspended Particles, Through Using GIS Software
majid Abbasspour Amir Hossein Javid Saeide SaeidiAbstract The goal of this article is to analyze the impact of green space and urban parks on reduction of PM10 suspended particles and compare the resulted figures with the surrounding areas. In this research Laleh Park and its surroundings were selected. Laleh park wit MoreAbstract The goal of this article is to analyze the impact of green space and urban parks on reduction of PM10 suspended particles and compare the resulted figures with the surrounding areas. In this research Laleh Park and its surroundings were selected. Laleh park with 35 hectares of land is located in district 6 of Tehran municipality limit .The park was developed 45 years ago and has performed as important asset in the district where served Tehran citizens by variety of uses such as recreational, sports, and amusement. For this purpose , long term studies were conducted and frequent visits made to project site ,where eventually 14 monitoring stations equipped with standard instruments were installed to take field samples of PM10 suspended particles ,twice daily (morning and evening ),for a period of one year. On the basis of these measurements, the average seasonal and annual PM10 suspended particles were compared with figures obtained from the surrounding city pollution monitoring stations. Also in this area, meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, speed and direction of wind were measured. Through using GIS software as a potential system, dispersion pattern of particles in the environment was analyzed. Continuing the process, software (matlab) was able to show the spectrum of dispersion pattern from park central square to maximum radius of 3000 meters. Finally, the positive correlation between presence of space and reduction of suspended particles in the environment is shown based on PM10 dispersion pattern graphs drawn through use of GIS software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Integrating of Fuzzy Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation and Fuzzy Analytic Network Process for Urban Parks sitting (Case study: region 8, Tehran municipality)
Yasser Moarab Saeed karimi Negar Foroughi Vahid NikzadBackground and Purpose: The Importance of urban green space is undeniable in the sustainability of cities and their physical, natural and social effects in urban systems. For this reason, existence of urban green spaces in cities and a suitable distribution of them is o MoreBackground and Purpose: The Importance of urban green space is undeniable in the sustainability of cities and their physical, natural and social effects in urban systems. For this reason, existence of urban green spaces in cities and a suitable distribution of them is one of the important issues in urban planning and management. The overall goal of this research is to determine the importance of affecting factors in site selection of parks and urban green spaces and also a suitable site selection of parks and urban green spaces in the study area. Methods: This research is an analytic descriptive research. At first by using library and literature review and Delphi approach effective parameters in site selection of parks and urban green spaces were extracted and then, in FANP method pairwise comparison performed with relevant experts to determine significance and weighted of criteria. Then, data layers standardized in IDRISI software and were prepared in the form of Fuzzy. And finally prepared Fuzzy maps overlaid in GIS software by considering their weights to identify suitable locations for the construction of parks and urban green spaces in region 8 of Tehran municipality. Findings: In this study distance from parameters of (Land use, Accessibility, population, Favorable centers and Ufavorable centers) are used to determine a park and green space site selection of region 8 of Tehran municipality. Each layers map prepared by using GIS and layer standardization in IDRISI software. Then for weighting and combining layers fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) and GIS is used. Conclusion: Five operators of (Gumma, And, Or, Sum, Product) are applied to obtain final maps. Finally, fuzzy sum operator identified as a proper operator in park and green space site selection of region 8 of Tehran municipality. Five classes of very good, good, average, weak and very weak were considered for the final map of this operator. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Management Development of Green Spaces of Civic Urban Views and Presentation of Conceptual Model of Environment (Case Study of Sayyad Shirazi Highway Region 4& 7 of Tehran)
Akramolmolook Lahijanian Majid MahnamAbstractVertical green space development design of martyr Sayyad Shirazi Highway which encompassesregions four and seven of Tehran Municipality was the aim of this case study.The kind of this descriptive study is measurement kind. In the structure of comprehensive desig MoreAbstractVertical green space development design of martyr Sayyad Shirazi Highway which encompassesregions four and seven of Tehran Municipality was the aim of this case study.The kind of this descriptive study is measurement kind. In the structure of comprehensive design ofthe highway civic environment quality, considering the structures of two sides of the highway, 9 zoneswere established and then designing of the green space was done according to the suitability of theplants specifications for each sector. Next step was dispatching questionnaire amongst residents ofSayyad Shirazi’s highway margins, between zone 4 and 7. This questionnaire was set based on fivedegree Likert scale production and includes 22 closed questions which are 5 choices and 5 open ones.Based on the researches’ aims, three hypotheses were set and analyzed by S.P.SS and Excel software.of this research were resulted as below:1- First Hypothesis: Creating vertical and non-vertical green spaces in city axels and Highwaysand also Buildings’ views will help to enrich the quality of environment. Variants of thisresearch were united at a meaningful level and the first hypothesis was approved.2- Second Hypothesis: developing per head green space in region 4 and 7 causes beautificationof urban view. This hypothesis was approved considering its variants and unity index.3- Third Hypothesis: Performing Vertical and non-vertical green spaces will result municipaldevelopment. This hypothesis was approved by its unity at a meaningful level.Diversity of the plants should be used in designs and it is better to consider different colors of theplants in different times of the year of their creeping. In order to reach to this stage, the design ofbuildings should be rational and suitable with the structure of the soil and the land which the buildingis constructed on it to plant suitable flower and trees. Also water and light can be used to enhance thequality of the design.Garrisons’ walls are not suitable to sow plants as they are not built in suitable lands. Different designsshould be considered for minor buildings in the highway and the difference between different levels ofthe lands will help to enrich these designs. Using different elements such as green mass and volume,tree, bush, wayfarer plant and other similar material are advised to be used for this purpose. Based onprevious and present experience using rooted in soils plants is advised as they are much more resistantagainst cold. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Optimal Management of the Park, with An” Emphasis on Sustainable Development Case Study: Rabbit Valley ParkRegion 22 of Tehran
Akramolmolok lahijanian Reza moallemBackground: The aim of the study is land scape green urban park survey as a citizen park. Sorecreation, rehabilitation and reconstruction, optimize the applicable surrounding areas, so thedeveloping, equipment and improvement of spaces and centers was considered in the MoreBackground: The aim of the study is land scape green urban park survey as a citizen park. Sorecreation, rehabilitation and reconstruction, optimize the applicable surrounding areas, so thedeveloping, equipment and improvement of spaces and centers was considered in the region 22 inTehran. So according to this study, developing and improvement of spaces and appropriate andefficient centers meet different needs of citizens. Ecological conditions of this park prepare needs ofcitizens in green space.Method: The region 22 in Tehran is one of new established area and the first place have had plans anddesigns for residency of people, so: Rabbit Valley Park selected for this survey. This research isdescriptive study based on collecting and data analyses. In order to understand needs of citizens inpark, one questionnaire distributed amongst visitors. The questions were including numbers of visitsof park, needs of services, needs of pleasures and so on. Then according to the gathered data, analysisof the data, charts and bars histograms is done by Excel and SPSS programs.The results: According to the found suggestions were as bellows: management of park should haveplan and planning, recreation and reengineering in park is necessary, condition of the park due to thepossibilities and limitations of the park should be repaired, creating a center for recreation andentertainment should establish, the space of park should increase, the park should develop, sports andgames sights should be implemented inside the park. Access to sanitation should be equiped forpeople. Lights should be prepared in the direction the park. , park should be prepared by relaxationand pollution should be reduces and sounds, audio-visual should be prepared in the park. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of parks and green spaces in city of Tehran (case study)
Hassan ali Laghai Hooman Bahmanpour Farnaz HeidariThe significance of urban green spaces –as publicdomain- in modern urban life patterns and their keyrole in land use systems, providing city inhabitantswith a place for leisure time, decreasingenvironmental contamination and establishinga closer relationship betwe MoreThe significance of urban green spaces –as publicdomain- in modern urban life patterns and their keyrole in land use systems, providing city inhabitantswith a place for leisure time, decreasingenvironmental contamination and establishinga closer relationship between people and urbanenvironment is distinguished. This paper dealswith the evaluation of parks and green spacesof district 8 in Tehran. The mentioned districtsuffers from shortage of green spaces and parks,although it owns enough resources and land –incomparison with other districts of city. Theoutcome of operated appraisal will be of useto urban managers and designers when theyallocate and utilize resources. In addition, thestudy explains how people use the area. Thispaper is extracted from a survey which wasconducted on the basis of theories about urbanparks, review of corresponding experiences inIran and in the world, and general comparisonbetween the main parks in the district 8 andother districts. Different scales were taken intoaccount when carrying out the appraisal study.The results are presented in two parts: quantitativeand qualitative; they demonstrate the percapita shortage of green spaces in the district 8;moreover, outcomes demonstrate inappropriatedistribution of green spaces and lack of favorableecological function especially in the second halfof the year. Furthermore, the parks do not possesdesirable level of security and on account of thisthe number of people –of different age groupusing the parks has fallen. Deficit in numberand variety of installations and equipment, andsubstandard play grounds are other negativepoints in these sites. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Determining the optimal per capita use of urban green space in designing a child-friendly city using GIS (Case study: Semnan city)
Mohsen Ghods Oliya Shariati Parnian Sadat AmidFrom childhood, human destiny has been intertwined with the environment and the surrounding space. Many educators believe that the personality of every human being is formed in the first 6 years of his life. On the other hand, the expansion of vertical constructions and MoreFrom childhood, human destiny has been intertwined with the environment and the surrounding space. Many educators believe that the personality of every human being is formed in the first 6 years of his life. On the other hand, the expansion of vertical constructions and the use of minimal space to create houses today do not give the opportunity to build yards and safe alleys for children's physical activities (such as running, playing, exercising, etc.). It is in this context that the role of public green space in the city for adults, especially children, becomes more prominent. Therefore, by examining the needs and problems that children face in urban environments, urban space designers can plan and design appropriate to provide favorable conditions for the physical, mental, emotional and social development of children and the flourishing of their talents and interests. Security and be actively present. However, the problem of lack of green space and its inappropriate distribution can be seen in many cities in Iran. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of water supply and dry air. The city of Semnan, as one of the desert cities with special climatic conditions, needs a favorable urban green space. In the present study, which is written in an applied type and based on a research-analytical method, data collection has been done in the form of documents (library) and field. A questionnaire was prepared to examine the research indicators and distributed among different sections of society. Then, using GIS and analysis, the significance coefficient was assigned to each of the indicators. Finally, according to the research formula of the study proposed by Mr. Kambiz Bahram Soltani, the proposed per capita amount for the use of green space in the city of Semnan due to unfavorable climatic conditions, 28 square meters was proposed. The result of the research shows that the city of Semnan, considering the climatic conditions, is far from the appropriate per capita research proposal. Finally, solutions to improve green space are suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The Role of selected plants planted in the green spaces of Tehran city for removing Air particulated matters
Elham Rajabbeigi Seyed Mohammad Jafari Ramin Erfanian SalimAim: Particulate matters are among the most important air pollutants in urban environment which cause heart and respiratory diseases. Plants play a major role in aerosol removal. In this study, some of important shrub species of urban green space were investigated for t MoreAim: Particulate matters are among the most important air pollutants in urban environment which cause heart and respiratory diseases. Plants play a major role in aerosol removal. In this study, some of important shrub species of urban green space were investigated for their ability of reducing air particulate matter pollutants.Material and Methods: In present study, effect of five shrub species (including privet, oleander, barberry, cotoneaster, Spindle tree), which most planted in Tehran city and their roles to aerosol sedimentation, was investigated. Therefore, leaf surface pollutants were collected and weighed and evaluated relative to the leaf surface. Results: The results showed that barberry collects pollutants more than other mentioned plants, while the efficiency of oleander is less than other species. Conclusion: It seems that the morphology of plant leaves is effective in pollutant absorption. In addition, the amount of aerosol in air can affect the efficiency and absorption of suspended particles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Beyond Green : A Comprehensive Approach to Urban green space Quality and tastes of users in Tehran
farzaneh azadi kianoush Suzanchi mahdi haghighatbin mahdi khansefidThe research tackles the pressing quality crisis in urban areas, particularly in green spaces. Landscape architects argue that the current approach lacks a comprehensive perspective, prompting the study to explore "landscape" from both objective and subjective MoreThe research tackles the pressing quality crisis in urban areas, particularly in green spaces. Landscape architects argue that the current approach lacks a comprehensive perspective, prompting the study to explore "landscape" from both objective and subjective angles. Systematically adopting visual and mental perspectives, the research aims to enhance urban space quality, emphasizing landscapes' dual nature beyond mere greenery. The primary goal of the study is to establish indicators for understanding and measuring landscape quality, drawing on the perceptions of local users of urban green spaces. This approach stresses the significance of considering both citizen perspectives and specialists in the field, treating urban spaces as landscapes. The research seeks to bridge the gap between the current and desired quality, ultimately improving the presence and usage of urban green spaces. The methodology involves a literature review for identifying qualitative indicators and exploring the relationship between them, along with a T-test to examine urban dwellers' preferences. In addition to these foundational aspects, the research findings reveal a pronounced quality imbalance between the two studied regions in Tehran (17 and 2). The observed disparities underscore significant differences in the tastes of urban dwellers and reveal a notable gap between these preferences and specialist beliefs, suggesting a potential avenue for achieving balance by concentrating on mediatory indicators. The study provides valuable insights for prioritizing key indicators based on user perspectives to enhance the quality of urban green spaces . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Per capita green space assessment using GIS Case Study: district 8 of Tehran
Ali GanjipourInvestigation and analysis of applications and users, including urban green space per capita as one of the factors is the environment in urban planning. Poor distribution and lack of urban green space per capita, especially in large cities, including principal concern. MoreInvestigation and analysis of applications and users, including urban green space per capita as one of the factors is the environment in urban planning. Poor distribution and lack of urban green space per capita, especially in large cities, including principal concern. According to the importance of urban green space and its role in reducing pollution and social sustainability in shaping one of the factors in the present study to examine this phenomenon in densely populated areas of Tehran Metropolis is one of the region's eight. The research is descriptive-analytic and data analysis using descriptive statistics and also performed with the ArcGIS،The results indicate the fact that regions with low per capita green space and urban green space is facing a difficult distribution And suggestions for locating and building new parks, including land acquisition, which has a relatively large scale and the detailed plan of development and urban renewal User Name Remember Me is intended offered Meanwhile, according to spaces that after the construction of the highway Imam Ali (AS) in the region and taking possession of it remaining eight are located in the municipality It can be converted to green space per capita than the increase achieved the desired user And measures to overcome the shortage of high-level per capita in the region and establishing social justice in urban planning is to achieve one of the goals At first gardens to collect statistics at regional level and then on mapping gardens using ArcGIS action. With a per capita formula is to estimate them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Application of GIS and Topsis Techniques in Analyzing and Prioritizing of Urban Green Space Case Study: Dehgolan City
Hossein Hataminejhad Mohammad Waysian Naser Mohammadi varzaneh Adel AlizadehToday lack of urban green space is the basic problem of cities. Urban green space is one of the very important land use problems in the city and minimum per capita green space also is a criteria for assessment and determination of sustainable cities. DEHGOLAN city in&nb MoreToday lack of urban green space is the basic problem of cities. Urban green space is one of the very important land use problems in the city and minimum per capita green space also is a criteria for assessment and determination of sustainable cities. DEHGOLAN city in one of cities that does not have the proper distribution of green space, so that its per capita is 57/2 square meters per person. In this city, some neighborhoods do not have any green space and some neighborhoods have more green space. This article aims to provide a suitable model for optimal distribution of green space in city, according to components such as population, communication networks, facilities, space, security and arid areas in the neighborhoods. The deployed research methods is descriptive - analytical and data was collected based on field surveys. TOPSIS and GIS techniques have been used in this study. According to above criteria, each neighborhood has been studied and analyzed separately. Prioritization of green space in the first phase was conducted in six step of TOPSIS. Results in this phase showed that the KLE_MLE district have first priority for green space allocation. In the second stage, firstly the data was collected and database in GIS was formed, then according to the importance of each criteria in green space, appropriate weights were assigned. The results of GIS and TOPSIS combined and KLE_MLE district with /0537 (CL) was taken in the first place. The final result of this study indicates the important applications of TOPSIS and GIS in urban green space Prioritization and provides optimum dispersion pattern based on the criteria and needs of the urban population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Sense of Security in Women Based on Structural Design of Seifiyeh Park
Sonbol Hatami Sara JalaliyanAbstractThe expansion of cities and the growth of populations have led to alteration of urban structures and disturbance of the balance between the urban form and the natural environment which was once the initial bedrock of human settlements. This has been followed by MoreAbstractThe expansion of cities and the growth of populations have led to alteration of urban structures and disturbance of the balance between the urban form and the natural environment which was once the initial bedrock of human settlements. This has been followed by an increase in people’s need for new public and natural places to spend time and relax. In modern cities, parks are constructed to create balance between animate and inanimate urban textures and to provide urban citizens with places to gather and commune with nature.This has sparked a number of studies about these crimes and the possible ways to prevent criminal behaviors in these environments. This study aims to evaluate the security of women in Seifiyeh Park in the Iranian city of Malayer. The methodology of this research is qualitative-quantitative in the form of context analysis and case study. The required data were collected from the statistical population in the study area with the help of questionnaires based on the Cochran formula. The collected data were then analyzed by T-test and regression. The results of this study can help officials protect women against insecurity and aggression in parks and help pave the way for women’s constant presence in these environments without fear of harassment. The goals of this study are evaluation of said park’s design based on the crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) approach, examining its relationship with the amount of security and sense of security and investigation of the relationship between security and women’s participation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Physical Development Planning of Urban Green Space with an Emphasis on Accessibility Factor (Case Study: Babol City)
R. LahmianInterest in urban parks has begun as a result of urban population growth and in recent years, attention has been paid to the sustainability of parks in relation to social and environmental issues. In addition to providing aesthetic and recreational value to parks, these MoreInterest in urban parks has begun as a result of urban population growth and in recent years, attention has been paid to the sustainability of parks in relation to social and environmental issues. In addition to providing aesthetic and recreational value to parks, these parks also play a key role in economic development, improving public health, creating job opportunities and creating self-sufficiency in natural resources, in all of these factors, the access element is one of the most important dimensions in this regard. The objective of this study is physical development planning of urban green spaces with an emphasis on the accessibility factor of Babol city. Through surveys and field observations, the indexes were collected and next, using the hierarchical analysis model, combination of the variables and share of each one in explaining the availability of the access of urban parks separated from neighborhoods were done. Then, using GIS software and location method, new green spaces are proposed based on the needs of citizens and to address the per capita green spaces in Babol. The study shew that the main prerequisites for the development of green spaces are the awareness of managers and intermediate authorities of the municipalities about the benefits of green spaces, the need for all people to participate in the importance of urban environmental quality issues and access to the equipment needed for green spaces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Analysis of The Effect of Urban Green Spaces Reduction on Surface Temperature and Relative Humidity Changes (Case study of Rasht City)
Ruhollah Oji Esmaeil Aghaeizadeh Mehrnush MirabimoghadamNowadays, cities are facing with increasing the urban heat island and reduction of the climate comfort Due to the urbanization and the reduction of urban green spaces. This research, therefore, aims to investigate green space reduction and its effects on relative humidi MoreNowadays, cities are facing with increasing the urban heat island and reduction of the climate comfort Due to the urbanization and the reduction of urban green spaces. This research, therefore, aims to investigate green space reduction and its effects on relative humidity and temperature variability in Rasht, Iran during the period of 1964-2013. To do this, Landsat imagery, daily temperature extremes and relative humidity of the Rasht synoptic station were used. To measure the changes, NDVI, extreme temperature indices and Sen's slope estimator were applied. Results showed that the total green space in Rasht has fallen from about 7,255 hectares to 5,990 hectares and high density green space has dropped from 2855 hectares to 788 hectares. Also, DTR, ID, TN10p indices have been reduced with a 99% confidence. Whereas the indices of TR, TXx as well as TX90p with a confidence of 99%, and maximum relative humidity of Rasht with 95% confidence intervals are increased. Also, trends of the climate parameters are consistent with the green space reduction, and their trends have intensified over three consecutive decades. So that with the population doubling, the city's green space is reduced to about a third of the initial value and the indices such as DTR and FD decreased by about 4 ° C and 35 days, respectively. It seems that the increase of green space is necessary to reduce the effects of the urban heat island and the global warming for sustainable development. It should be taken into consideration in future planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Assessing the Managerial Capabilities of Tehran in Line with Strategic Planning of Urban Green Space Development
Seyedeh Hoda Jazayeri Alireza Poursaeed maryam omidi najafabadiIntroduction: Given the acute crisis and challenges of air pollution in Tehran and the role of efficient urban green space management in the production and promotion of green space indicators, the development of green space management is a necessity and can help to solv MoreIntroduction: Given the acute crisis and challenges of air pollution in Tehran and the role of efficient urban green space management in the production and promotion of green space indicators, the development of green space management is a necessity and can help to solve Pollution crisis should be considered by planners and relevant officials. In this regard, it seems necessary to Assessing the Environmental Capabilities of Tehran in Line with Strategic Planning of Urban Green Space Development.Methodology: Research Methodology: Necessary information was collected using classical Delphi technique in three stages and prioritized using SWOT technique and identified strategies based on quantitative strategy planning matrix (QSPM). The sample consisted of experts, managers and scientific and executive experts and experts related to the subject of research in Tehran who were purposefully selected.Geographical area of research: In this research, the area of Tehran city with an area of about 730 square kilometers was studied.Results and discussion: Based on the findings in the internal factors evaluation matrix for sustainable management of green space in Tehran, the existence of medium and long-term organizational plans for the implementation of urban green space development plans and projects, the most important strength and Lack of management and local planning for green spaces in different areas of Tehran are the most important weakness for green space management in Tehran. Based on the findings of the evaluation matrix of external factors in order to manage the green space of Tehran, the strategic importance of Tehran in the country and the special attention of officials and planners to the development of the city in all dimensions, including the development of green spaces in this city is the most important Opportunity and increase in air pollution and the impact on green space quality are the most important threats facing the management of green space in Tehran.Conclusion: Based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), it can be said that strategies such as effective monitoring of good implementation of laws and regulations in the field of green spaces in Tehran, preparation and development of a comprehensive green space plan and damage management Inhumane such as pests, plant diseases and adverse cases in urban green spaces are considered as the priority of the most important strategies for managing the green space of Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - بهسازی منظر پارک های شهری براساس نیاز شهروندان (مطالعه موردی پارک های گرگان)
منیره معروف عبدالله حاتم زاده همایون کاوه پارکها و فضاهای سبز شهری همچون سایر فضاهای شهری، دچار فرسایش شده و نیازمند مرمت میباشند تا خدمات محیطزیستی و اجتماعی آنها تدوام یابد. در بهسازی فضاهای سبز شهری بایستی اولویتهای شهروندان مطالعه شود. هدف این تحقیق، شناخت اولویتها و نیازهای شهروندان در خصوص بهس More پارکها و فضاهای سبز شهری همچون سایر فضاهای شهری، دچار فرسایش شده و نیازمند مرمت میباشند تا خدمات محیطزیستی و اجتماعی آنها تدوام یابد. در بهسازی فضاهای سبز شهری بایستی اولویتهای شهروندان مطالعه شود. هدف این تحقیق، شناخت اولویتها و نیازهای شهروندان در خصوص بهسازی پارکها و فضاهای سبز عمومی شهر گرگان است. روش انجام تحقیق به صورت اسنادی- تحلیلی و پیمایشی است که بخش اعظم اطلاعات از طریق توزیع پرسشنامه بین ساکنان شهر گرگان اخذ شده و تحلیل نهایی بر روی آن صورت گرفته است. یافتههای تحقیق نشان میدهد که اولویتهای شهروندان مختلف با توجه به متغیرهای جمعیتشناختی و ویژگیهای اقتصادی- اجتماعی آنان در برخی زمینهها کاملا متفاوت بوده و هر قشر نیازهای خاص خویش را دارد. اما، در یک نگاه کلی و بر اساس نظر شهروندان، گونههای گیاهی پارکها و فضاهای سبز شهر گرگان، نیاز به تنوعبخشی داشته و این امر باید با استفاده از همه انواع گیاهان (پهنبرگان، سوزنیبرگان و گیاهان پوششی و فصلی) تحقق یابد. بیشتر مردم بهبود سرویسهای بهداشتی، آب­خوریها و وسایل بازی کودکان را در اولویت میدانند. همچنین، توجه به نیازهای معلولین در بهسازی پارکها، بیشترین اولویت را و پیادهروهای سنگی، بیشترین طرفدار را داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A Sociological Research of Noise Pollution and Noise Control with Urban Green Space Expansion
Narmineh MoeinianAbstractThe purpose of the present study is noise pollution as an environmental, social and urban problem, with the dimensions, quantity and quality of noise pollution and the definition and its physical, psychological and social conditions which are viewed through medi MoreAbstractThe purpose of the present study is noise pollution as an environmental, social and urban problem, with the dimensions, quantity and quality of noise pollution and the definition and its physical, psychological and social conditions which are viewed through medical sociological perspectives and also proposing possible solutions to challenge these problems. Among the solutions urban green space design based upon the natural environmental approach is more desirable. This study is a deep analytical and quantitative research which its data was collected through corpus and documentary methods. Social environmental approaches pertaining the medical sociology and also ecological renewal theory have been applied as a theoretical framework. The findings show that noise pollution is one of the most important problems which seriously threatens physical, mental health and human social relations, to reduce these problems urban green space expansion design and devoting attentions towards it are seen as a base solution of the problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Exploring Citizens’ Aesthetic Perception in Urban Green Space Design: A Study of Ornamental Trees and Shrubs Distribution in Bushehr, Iran
Reza Amareh Behzad Kaviani Shahram Sedaghathoor Mohammadsadegh AllahyariExpanding and restoring urban green spaces represent a growing social demand among citizens in developing countries. However, in Iran, these efforts face significant challenges due to the country's arid regions and the heightened expectations of people regarding visual MoreExpanding and restoring urban green spaces represent a growing social demand among citizens in developing countries. However, in Iran, these efforts face significant challenges due to the country's arid regions and the heightened expectations of people regarding visual and environmental quality. The selection of tree species in urban landscape design plays a crucial role in shaping the aesthetic, emotional, and environmental aspects of urban areas. To evaluate the impact of ornamental trees and shrubs in Bushehr's urban space, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted with a statistical sample of 200 Bushehri citizens, focusing on five species: Bougainvillea sp., Ficus elastica, Conocarpus erectus, Clerodendrum inerme, and Dodonea viscosa. Analysis revealed that "emotional feeling" and "perceived environmental beauty" constituted 70.9% of society’s aesthetic perception variance. Additionally, Friedman’s nonparametric test highlighted significant differences in society’s aesthetic perception of the studied trees, with respondents noting higher perceived cognitive beauty in Bougainvillea sp. and F. elastica. Effective selection of plant species for urban green spaces not only enhances visual appeal but also positively impacts people’s emotional well-being. This requires a thorough consideration of environmental factors and emotional responses. By integrating these concepts into the design, along with raising awareness of arid region species, satisfaction with urban spaces can be partially increased. Manuscript profile
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