List of Articles silymarin

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  1 - Protective effects of Silymarin on Cell-Phone Induced Liver Damage in Rats
  ََAmir Ashkan Mahjoor
  Inroduction & Objective: Different studies have demonstrated the effects of cell phone induced electromagnetic field on hepatic cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the hrpatoprotective effects of silymarin on this kind of damagesMaterial and MethodsSeventy r More

  Inroduction & Objective: Different studies have demonstrated the effects of cell phone induced electromagnetic field on hepatic cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the hrpatoprotective effects of silymarin on this kind of damagesMaterial and MethodsSeventy rats were divided in five groups. One control group and four exposure groups that were exposed to cell phone radiation 5 times a day for 30 days each time 10 minutes. At the end of the study all of the rats were sacrificed and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), total proptein, total bilirubin and albumin were measured. Liver samples were obtained for histopathological studiesResults: Cell phone radiation significantly (P≤005) increased levels of ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin  and decreased levels of total protein and albumin. In groups treated with silymarin improve in biochemical factors were noted. Histopathological findings were consistent with biochemical findingsConclusion:Our results suggest that silymarin has hepatoprotective effects on cell phone induced liver damaged due to free radical scavenger and antioxidant Manuscript profile
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  2 - Effects of Silymarin in Experimental Inflammatory Pain Induced by Formalin and Relation with Histaminergic System
  Mitra Gholizade Nikpey1 Ali Mojtahedin Reza Seyedsharifi
  Inroduction & Objective: The most common pain complaint of patients is one of the oldest forms of human problems.According to the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants,the effects of silymarin, an active ingredient of the Milk thistle, in an experimental model of infl More

  Inroduction & Objective: The most common pain complaint of patients is one of the oldest forms of human problems.According to the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants,the effects of silymarin, an active ingredient of the Milk thistle, in an experimental model of inflammatory pain induced by formalin and examined its relationship with the histaminergic system.Material and Methods:In this study, 42 male Wistar rats were used.Animals were divided into 7 groups in  each group 6 rats as follows: Group 1(Control): Normal Saline (i.p)+Formalin 1% (intraplantar), Group 2,3,4 and 5 Silymarin (50,100,200 and 400mg/kg, ip) respectively + Formalin 1%, Group 6: Ranitidine (20mg/kg, i.p) + Formalin 1%, Group 7: Ranitidine (20mg/kg, i.p) + Silymarin (200mg/kg, i.p) + Formalin 1%.Results: The results showed that intraplantar injection of formalin 1% significantly (PConclusion:The results revealed that silymarin produced antinociception effect in formalin induced pain and this effect probably will be down by interfering with the H2 histamine receptors. Manuscript profile
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  3 - The central effects of silymarin on feeding behavior in broiler chickens and relationship with serotonergic system
  Khadijeh Ahmadihesar Ali Mojtahedin Taher Yalchi Shahin Hajigahramani
  Background and aim: Silymarin is the effective substance of thistle plant, which causes some physiological effects and improves nutritional behavior. This research was conducted to determine the central effects of silymarin on feeding behavior in broiler chickens and to More

  Background and aim: Silymarin is the effective substance of thistle plant, which causes some physiological effects and improves nutritional behavior. This research was conducted to determine the central effects of silymarin on feeding behavior in broiler chickens and to find the mechanism of feed intake and to investigate its relationship with the serotonergic system. Materials &Methods: In this research, 30 pieces of broiler chickens cannulated in the brain were used. In the first stage of the research (28 days old), silymarin was injected in the amount of 20 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. After injection, feed and water intake was measured in 30 to 180 minutes. In the second stage of the experiment (34 days), the relationship between silymarin and the serotonergic system was investigated. The treatments included 1- control, 2- methysergide, 3- ketanserin, 4- methysergide + silymarin, and 5- ketanserin + silymarin. Results: In the first stage, in 60 and 180 minutes, silimarin caused a significant decrease in feed intake (P<0.05). In the second stage, the central injection of the combination of silymarin with methysergide caused a significant decrease in feed consumption, while the central injection of the combination of silymarin with ketanserin had no significant effect on feed consumption. Central injection of silymarin had no effect on water intake in broilers. Conclusion: The results showed that although central injection of silymarin decreased feed intake in broilers, it did not affect water consumption. Also, the central injection of the combination of silymarin with methysergide decreased feed intake in broilers. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Preventive effects of silymarin extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in broilers
  mohammadreza Mohammadi Malayeri abolfazl Dadkhah Tehrani amir Rezaei
     It has been proved that Silymarin is effective in prevention and treatment of human liver diseases such as cirrhosis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of Silymarin extract as a food additive on hepatotoxicity ind More

     It has been proved that Silymarin is effective in prevention and treatment of human liver diseases such as cirrhosis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of Silymarin extract as a food additive on hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in broilers. Ninety broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 9 equal study groups as follow: negative control, positive control which were injected 2ml/kg BW (body weight) ccl4 dissolved  in olive oil (1:1) via IP  in the 24th and 26th days, olive oil control, treatment controls which were receiving 3,6 and 10 mg/kg BW silymarin in 1ml olive oil respectively by gavage from the 21st up to 26th days  and treatment groups which received ccl4 and  3,6 and 10 mg/kg BW silymarin extract respectively. Blood and liver samples were collected to assay ALT, AST and ALP activities as well as pathological changes. The Data were analyzed using ANOVA method by SPSS. The results revealed that carbon tetrachloride significantly increased ALT,AST and ALP activities in comparison with the negative control group (p<0.01). The 3, 6 and 10 mg/kg b.w. silymarin treatments significantly decreased the enzyme activities in comparison with the positive group (p<0.01). Histopathological findings confirmed the biochemical results. In conclusion, the results proved that silymarin treatment could be effective in the prevention of hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in Broilers. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Evaluation of silymarin extraction from Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn seeds by water
  طاهره Hasanloo روشنک Sepehrifar
    The seeds extract of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn is named silymarin and used in treatment of liver diseases, diabetes (II) and hypercholesterolemia. There are different solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile and acetone) for extraction of this compound. Water More

    The seeds extract of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn is named silymarin and used in treatment of liver diseases, diabetes (II) and hypercholesterolemia. There are different solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile and acetone) for extraction of this compound. Water is an inetersting alternative because of its low operating and disposal costs. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of different methods on silymarin production and followed by HPLC analysis of extracted flavonolignans. The highest content of taxifolin, silychristin and silydianin were 0.63, 0.9 and 2.35 mg g-1 DW, respectively in a soxhlet extraction with water for 12 h after a pre-treatment step involving defatting with petroleum ether. The highest content of silybin and isosilybin were extracted 0.24 and 0.15 mg g-1 DW in a soxhlet extraction with water without defatting process. Although the ratio of the extracted componds with water were less than methanolic extraction, for increasing the quality of the products, the water extraction steps should be well studied both in terms of time and methods. Manuscript profile
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  6 - A Study on the Inhibitory Effects of Silymarin on Amyloid Fibrillation of Hen Egg White Lysozyme
  Mohsen Mahdavimehr Ali Akbar Meratan
  An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that polyphenols, compounds frequently occurring in many herbs with antioxidant properties, prevent amyloid fibril formation. However, the mechanisms by which these natural molecules modulate the protein aggregation proc More

  An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that polyphenols, compounds frequently occurring in many herbs with antioxidant properties, prevent amyloid fibril formation. However, the mechanisms by which these natural molecules modulate the protein aggregation process are poorly understood. Silybum Marianum is one of the medicinal plants with a wide range of health benefits. Silymarin, extract of the seeds of Silybum Marianum, contains a mixture of flavonolignans and a flavonoid. In the present study, using a range of techniques including Thioflavin T and Nile red fluorescence assays, Congo red binding assay, Circular Dichroism spectroscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy the efficacy of Silymarin on the inhibition of Hen Egg White Lysozyme (HEWL) fibril formation was investigated. Obtained results demonstrated that Silymarin effectively inhibits fibrillogenesis of HEWL in a concentration-dependent manner. AFM images indicated typical fibrillation in the control solutions, while in samples incubated in the presence of Silymarin extensive inhibition of HEWL fibrillation and amorphous aggregates formation was observed. Based on obtained results, we suggest that preventing of hydrophobic interactions between HEWL amyloidogenic prefibrillar species is the mechanism by which Silymarin inhibits amyloid fibril formation by HEWL. However, additional studies are needed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms involved. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Effects of Silymarin and 17β estradiol on gonadosomatic index and histological changes of oocytes in female Three spot Gourami. (Trichogaster trichopterus)
  T. Naji H. Hosseinzadeh sahafi S. Rezaee
  Effects of silymarin and 17β estradiol (E2) on gonadosomatic index and histological changes of oocytes were investigated in female Three spot Gourami. 100 immature female fish with mean weight of (2.5±0.5g) were evaluated in 8 treatments with 2 control group More

  Effects of silymarin and 17β estradiol (E2) on gonadosomatic index and histological changes of oocytes were investigated in female Three spot Gourami. 100 immature female fish with mean weight of (2.5±0.5g) were evaluated in 8 treatments with 2 control groups. The fishes in different groups were treated with silymarin and E2 separately (10,20,30,50 mg/kg). Control one received 20µL methanol and control two was intact. After 20 days experimental fishes ovaries removed and weighted. Histopathological studies of ovary and gonadosomatic indires of fishes of the 8 tretments were compared with those of control groups, fishes. Statistical analysis showed that the results of comparison of amount of GSI for silymarin in first and second treatments was 1.2% and for third and fourth treatments was 1/8% Amount of GSI for (E2) in fifth treatment was 0.7% and sixth treatment was 1.2% and for seventh and eighth treatments it was 1.75% in comparison with control group which was 0.5% these defferences were significant (P<0.05). This result was approved by histopathological finding which showed that fourth and eighth treatment were more effective because begining moving Germinal vesicle on growth and maturation of oocytes in female three Spot Gourami. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Effect of Silymarin extract on immune system of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ) challenged by diazinon
  K. Ahmadi A. Matinfar A. R. Mirvaghefei B. Ataeimehr M. Banaee
  To date, discharge of agriculture pesticides into surface water is one of the biggest environment problems that can threaten the aquatic life. Impact of pollutants on the fish immune system can result in sensitivity and becoming vulnerable to pathogens. Diazinon, one or More

  To date, discharge of agriculture pesticides into surface water is one of the biggest environment problems that can threaten the aquatic life. Impact of pollutants on the fish immune system can result in sensitivity and becoming vulnerable to pathogens. Diazinon, one organophosphate pesticides that used in many agriculture areas of Iran, is found in surface water. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of diazinon on fish immune system and use of Milk thistle plant extract, Silybum mariamum, in to reducing adverse effects of this toxin on the immune system of rainbow trout. Significantly reduced plasma levels of peroxidase, IgM, total complement, lysozyme of fish that had been exposed to diazinon have well illustrated the impact of diazinon on immune system in long periods. While, no significant change was observed in the fish nourished by complementary diet and challenged by toxin compared with control fish group that indicated this protective and amplified effect of silymarin on immune system of rainbow trout. Manuscript profile
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  9 - The Investigation of silymarin effect on colon ulcer induced acetic acid in mice Balb/C
  وحید حمایت خواه جهرمی حبیب الله جوهری
  Colonulcer is an inflammatory chronic colon disease and free radicals play an important role in its pathogenesis. Free radicals increase the severity of the disease by decreasing the antioxidants. Silymarin is a flavonoid component that itand#39;s extracted of Silybum m More

  Colonulcer is an inflammatory chronic colon disease and free radicals play an important role in its pathogenesis. Free radicals increase the severity of the disease by decreasing the antioxidants. Silymarin is a flavonoid component that itand#39;s extracted of Silybum marianum. Silymarin contains antioxidants and inhibits the inflammatory reactions. The aim of this research is the investigation of anti- inflammatory effect of silymarin in the treatment of colon ulcer induced acetic acid in mice Balb/C spicies.In this study, 32 mice are divided into 4 groups (n=8).These groups include:control group with no colitis report, the Sham group with colitis report that are not treated and the groups with colitis report that received 10 20 mg/kg B.W. of silymarin orally.The treatment groups received silymarin daily, for 1 week after having the disease. The drugs are fed to the mice per oral using gaster tubes. To induce colitis, 1 ml of acetic acid (%4) is injected into the rectum. In the one week after induction of colitis, the animals sacrificed and the damages of the colon investigated in Morris and Murthy methods. The result of this study shown acetic acid causes severe inflammation and damages of the colon. Because colit ulcerative is an acute disease so, use of silymarin is effective in improving of the inflammation and repair of the colon ulcer induced acetic acid. So, use of silymarin can be considered as a way for the treatment. Manuscript profile
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  10 - Effect of silymarin in treatment of experimentally induced cataract in rabbit
  Voria tohidi Saeed Azimpour
  In cataract, less light passes through the lens as a result of blurring of the lens. The ability of lens adaptation reduces with time. As a result, the sensitivity of subtraction will go away. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silymarin in treatment of More

  In cataract, less light passes through the lens as a result of blurring of the lens. The ability of lens adaptation reduces with time. As a result, the sensitivity of subtraction will go away. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silymarin in treatment of cataract in rabbits. For this purpose, 12 rabbits were kept for two weeks prior to injection for assuring of being clinically healthy and their eyes were examined for being free of cataract and other disorders by means of ophthalmoscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy and ultrasonography. Rapid cataract was induced by subcutaneous injection of 1 mg/kg BW of sodium selenite and repeated two more times with 2 days interval (3 mg/kg BW totally). All rabbits were examined by ophthalmoscopy and B-mode ultrasonography daily and slit lamp biomicroscopy with three days interval until cataract was developed at day 9. At this time, Linear Cortical and posterior subscapular cataract were observed in all rabbits. Rabbits were divided in experimental group that received 140 mg/kg BW of silymarin and control group without silymarin treatment at this day. Rabbits in both groups were examined by ophtalmoscopy and B-mode ultrasonography daily and slit lamp biomicroscopy with three days interval up to day 22. four rabbits of each group were euthanized at day 23 for histological examination of the lenses. Reduction in progression of cataract in silymarin treated rabbits were confirmed by slit lamp biomicroscopy and histology. B-mode ultrasonography was unable to show effect of silymarin in reduction of progression of cataract. Manuscript profile