List of Articles externalizing problems

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  1 - The Efficacy of Mindfulness based Intervention on Subclinical Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms and Externalizing Problems in Adolescents
  Ashkan Naseh Leila Heydarinasab Mohammad Reza Shairi
  the present study examined the efficacy of mindfulness based intervention in reducing subclinical attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems in adolescents. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self–report (YSR) of Achenbach S More

  the present study examined the efficacy of mindfulness based intervention in reducing subclinical attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems in adolescents. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self–report (YSR) of Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) were administered to a sample of 253 adolescents and their mothers. Twenty four of adolescents who scored borderline in attention problem subscale, scored high in externalizing problems scale of CBCL, and their scores had been confirmed by the Youth Self-report were selected and randomly assigned into either experimental (n=12) or control (n=12) groups. The experimental group received 8 mindfulness based intervention sessions for 8 weeks. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results indicated that attention deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems reduced significantly in experimental group compared to control group. The findings of this study may be of practical importance for prevention and treatment of adolescents' attention deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems in clinical settings and schools. Manuscript profile
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  2 - The Internalizing and Externalizing Behavioral Problems in Children: Birth Order and Age Spacing
  Seyyed Abbas Satoorian Abbas Ali Haratian Karineh Tahmassian MohammadReza Ahmadi
    This causal-comparative study aimed to compare the children’s internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems in terms of birth order and age spacing. Five hundred and thirty six elementary students and their parents were selected by multistage random More

    This causal-comparative study aimed to compare the children’s internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems in terms of birth order and age spacing. Five hundred and thirty six elementary students and their parents were selected by multistage random cluster sampling from city of Yazd. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) and a demographic information form were used in the study. The results of the two-way analysis of variance indicated that the age spacing between siblings and birth order had significant impact on externalizing behavioral problems. The children with under two years age space had most problems of externalization. Furthermore, the fourth-born child onward and the firstborn child had the highest scores of externalizing problems, respectively. The findings suggested that 2-3 years of age space was appropriate and  the  behavioral problems of children in families with three children were lower than other groups. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Attachment and Developmental Outcomes: The Role of Mental Representations in Predicting Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Preschool Children
  ParisaSadat Seyed Mousavi Sana Nouri Moghadam
   The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mental representation in predicting the internalizing and externalizing problems in preschool children. The sample consisted of 75 children (52 girls, 23 boys) between 4 and 6 years. The participants were se More

   The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mental representation in predicting the internalizing and externalizing problems in preschool children. The sample consisted of 75 children (52 girls, 23 boys) between 4 and 6 years. The participants were selected by multistage cluster sampling from 6 nursery school of Tehran, Iran. The mothers completed the Child Behavioral Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001). The mental representations of children were assessed by the McArthur Story Stem Battery (Emde, Wolf & Oppenheim, 2003). The results of step by step regression indicated that negative representation of self, moral issues, empathic relations, negative emotion and verbal conflict were the most important predictors of internalizing and the representations of aggression, verbal conflict and negative representation of parents were the most determinant predictors of externalizing problem. The findings were consistent with attachment theory, suggesting internal working models can be considered as a mechanism between child-parent interaction and developmental outcomes. Manuscript profile
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  4 - The Mediating Role of Internalizing Problems in the Relationship between Alexithymia and Externalizing Problems
  Hanieh Lavaf Saeed Ghanbari Omid Shokr
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                                                                                                                                                                          The purpose of this study was to test partial and full mediation of internalizing problems in the relationship between Alexithymia and externalizing problems in adolescent girls. Two hundred and ninety seven students were selected from high schools of Tehran by cluster sampling method. The participants completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20; Bagby, Parker, & Taylor, 1994) and the Youth Self-Report (Achenbach, 2001).The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling approach. The results indicated that the full model had a good fitness with data. Alexithymia was positively and significantly related to internalizing problems .Internalizing problems were positively and significantly related to externalizing problems. The findings suggested that alexithymia led to externalizing problems only if it caused problems such as anxiety, depression, withdrawal and somatic complaints.   Manuscript profile
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  5 - The Relationship of Maternal Reflective Functioning and Children’s Behavioral Problems: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation
  Zahra Goudarzi Saeed Ghanbari Shahla Pakdaman Mohammad Ali Mazaheri Elahe Vahidi
  The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship of maternal reflective function-ing and internalizing and externalizing problems of children. Participants included 289 mothers and children aged 6 to 12 years who we More

  The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship of maternal reflective function-ing and internalizing and externalizing problems of children. Participants included 289 mothers and children aged 6 to 12 years who were selected through convenience sampling method from different areas of Karaj. Mothers completed the Parental Reflective Func-tioning Questionnaire (Luyten et al., 2017), Emotion Regulation Checklist (Shields & Cicchetti, 1995), and Child Behavior Check-list (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001). Data were analyzed using correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that there were significant correlations between all subscales of reflective functioning and emotion regu- lation and externaliz-ing problems (P<0.01), and also between the pre-mentalizing mode (PM) and internalizing problems (P<0.01). Furthermore, the results of structural equation modeling indicated that emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between maternal reflective functioning and children’s internalizing and externalizing problems. In total, these findings suggested that mothers’ low reflective functioning is associated with emotional and behavioral problems in children. Manuscript profile