carrying capacity

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1 - Good Governance and obligating of human rights contents; Basis of urban sustainable management
دکتر حسن اسماعی لزاده

From beginning of third millennium, cities of less developed countries have been captive with increasing challenges, like socio- physical infrastructures saturation, expansion of informal settlements, growth of social abnormals, increasing of socio- economical injustice More

From beginning of third millennium, cities of less developed countries have been captive with increasing challenges, like socio- physical infrastructures saturation, expansion of informal settlements, growth of social abnormals, increasing of socio- economical injustice, extension of environmental pollutions, and totally decrease of life quality. Meanwhile, opposite of citizenship identity and assumption of developmental unsustainable patterns because of infirmity or lack of using participatory patterns and good governance systems have reduplicated existent problems.  Method: Research method is descriptive- analytical- developmental method, that first concepts and theories are studied, then according to Iranian cities situations, research strategies have been appointed.  Results: Good governance includes of rules of power performance and resolve of discords. These rules includes of fundamental laws, common laws, traditions, administrative regulations, international treaties, and etc., that can change type of adjustment and implementation of policies decisions. Urban sustainable management will accomplish via performance of good governance principles and obligating of human rights contents.   Manuscript profile

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2 - Determination of social carrying capacity of coastal tourists(Case Study: Bandar Gaz)
Keramatollah Ziari Mohammad Reza Rezvani sajad ferdowsi

10.22034/jest.2019.24501.3351

Background and Objective: Social carrying capacity of tourists refers to the degree of readiness admission congestion on their behalf and if the crowd is too much to bear it would degrade the quality of the experience. According to the present study has been conducted t More

Background and Objective: Social carrying capacity of tourists refers to the degree of readiness admission congestion on their behalf and if the crowd is too much to bear it would degrade the quality of the experience. According to the present study has been conducted to determination of social carrying capacity of coastal of tourists. Method: The method of data analysis in this research is descriptive and analytical. Data collected by the library and field observations and questionnaires. To determination of Social carrying capacity of coastal tourists is used of image capture technology (ICT) and social norms curves and descriptive statistics. Findings: According to the results, social carrying capacity of coastal tourists in the study area is maximum of 2019 persons and at least 425 persons at a time. Also in the present situation at an average number of people on the beach are 1,246 persons. Discussion and Conclusion:With regard to the area of the study area, it was estimated that the maximum acceptable congestion in the study area is 2019 people; somehow that does not degrade the quality of the tourist experience. It also was to determine the minimum acceptable congestion 425 persons. In this regard, it was found that in the present circumstances there were 1,246 persons at a time in coastal areas, showing the number of tourists in beach of Bandar Gaz not more than the threshold of its social carrying capacity. Manuscript profile

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3 - Determination of Physical-Ecological Carrying Capacity of Coastal Tourism and its Effectiveness of Satisfaction of Tourists (Case Study: Bandar Gaz)
Keramatollah Ziari Mohammad Reza Rezvani sajad ferdowsi

10.22034/jest.2019.24324.3332

Background and Objective: Carrying capacity is one of the issues which are considered the goals of sustainable tourism. Accordingly, present study was conducted to determine the physical-ecological carrying capacity of beach of Bandar Gaz and effectiveness of the touris More

Background and Objective: Carrying capacity is one of the issues which are considered the goals of sustainable tourism. Accordingly, present study was conducted to determine the physical-ecological carrying capacity of beach of Bandar Gaz and effectiveness of the tourists' satisfaction. Method: The method of data analysis in this research is descriptive and analytical. Data collected by the library and field observations and questionnaires. To determination of physical-ecological carrying capacity have been used from the instructions of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources and also to understand the satisfaction level of tourists due to expectations from service performance to have been used from analysis Importance-Performance. Results: Based on the results, it is estimated to physical carrying capacity 7089 people, real carrying   capacity 3863 people and the effective carrying capacity 1880 people per day. The results of analysis Importance-Performance show that among 24 indicators studied, there are 8 indicators in the second quarter, 14 in the first quarter and 2 indicators in the third quarter. Conclusion: According to the analysis Importance-Performance indicators more than 50 percent in the first quarter, indicating that most indicators of the respondents' views are very important but the performance of destination management has been weak in this regard that whereby effective carrying capacity than real carrying capacity has fallen 48.66 percent. Manuscript profile

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4 - Zoning, zones management and landscape design periphery of Iranian ancient trees (Case study: Mongabad Mehriz old cedar)
Mohammad hadi Rad Mohammad hosan Irannejad parizii Saed Reza Mahdavi Amin Yeganeh

10.30495/jest.2022.45544.4735

Background and Objective: Old trees are considered as rich genetic resources and valuable natural monuments. Among the old trees, the natural heritage of Mongabad Mehriz old cedar has always been the attention of people in Yazd province, especially the people of Mehriz More

Background and Objective: Old trees are considered as rich genetic resources and valuable natural monuments. Among the old trees, the natural heritage of Mongabad Mehriz old cedar has always been the attention of people in Yazd province, especially the people of Mehriz city, Iran. For the management and conservation of this tree, zoning, zones management planning and landscape design were needed and necessary. Material and Methodology: The base of this classified was IUCN classification and its match to the realities and comprehensive plan of the Mehriz city. Due to the review of the resources and conditions available, the perimeter of the cedar was classified in a range of 300m in different zones, contains management and recreational zones. Board capacity was also calculated for recreational activities in the tree area. Findings: The results of zoning studies showed that 4 zones as management zones and 2 zones as recreational zones are of special importance and should be considered. Management zones include restricted nature zone, protected zone, shield Zone, and other uses zone were with an area of 2826, 5024, 23550 and 251200 m2 respectively. Type I and II type promenade zone were 11664 and 15000m2. By mapping and identifying the physical status all of the zones, the necessary proposals for each one of the zones were presented. In this regard ecological sustainability of the environment and tree health were considered. Based on this view, in order to organize the tree for the promenade, the landscape design (with the maximum maintenance of the existing green space and surrounding monuments) was taken. The capacity of the range for recreational activities were estimated at 276 people per day. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that although activities performed in the recent years around the cedar have been the main and influential factor on tree health, but by designing and implementing management and recreation programs in the form of proposed zones, it is possible to rebuild with a focus on tree health and tourism boom. Manuscript profile

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5 - Estimating the Outdoor Recreation Carrying Capacity in Berenjegan Forest, Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiary Province
Maryam Eskandari Shahraki Kyumars Mohammadi Sammani Beytollah Mahmoudi Ayoub Moradi

10.30495/jest.2018.13751

  Background and Objective: Tourism is a process with different forms for providing human recreation needs. The increasing critical pressure on urban and near urban regions can be the reason for this statement. In such condition, providing a master schedule at the More

  Background and Objective: Tourism is a process with different forms for providing human recreation needs. The increasing critical pressure on urban and near urban regions can be the reason for this statement. In such condition, providing a master schedule at the national scale for each special regional condition is vital. Thus, natural resources conservation to ensure the sustainable development and to provide optimal quality for tourism services would be possible by paying attention to the carrying capacity. The aim of this study was to determine the carrying capacity of Berenjegan forest region in Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiari province. Method: The instructions provided by the International Union for conservation of nature have been used to determine the carrying capacity of the study area. The appropriate sites with the capacity of concentrated tourist attraction were pidentified to determine the physical carrying capacity. Then real carrying capacity in the concentrated recreation site was specified by determining the restricted factors in the region, as well as considering the related effect on the physical carrying capacity. Finding: Results of this study showed that the area of suitable site for tourists reception in Berenjegan forest region was 6.1 ha from 480 ha. Real value of the physical carrying capacity was calculated. The physical carrying capacity was 10457 individuals per day, 3816856 per year, while the real carrying capacity was 911individuals per day and 112053 per year. Discussion and Conclusion: Real carrying capacity was less than the physical carrying capacity so that the number of limiting factors in the region could affect the real carrying capacity directly and it was decreased with the increase of limiting factors. Manuscript profile

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6 - Determination of Carrying Capacity and Nutritional Dietary of Gazella Subgutturosa in Sorkh-e-Hesar National Park, Tehran province, Iran
Elmira Kazemi Jahandizi Mohammad kaboli Mahmoud Karami Mahmoud Soufi

Introduction: Gazella subgutturosa, which is herbivorous and ruminating mammals, is one of theartiodactyls in Iran. This species is one of the most important herbivorous species of Iranian plain. It isalso distributed in some protected area like Sorkhe-hesar national Pa More

Introduction: Gazella subgutturosa, which is herbivorous and ruminating mammals, is one of theartiodactyls in Iran. This species is one of the most important herbivorous species of Iranian plain. It isalso distributed in some protected area like Sorkhe-hesar national Park. The aim of this project wasdetermination of Nutritional carrying capacity of habitat and amount of available forages in criticalseason by using cutting and weighing method.Methods: Primary observations have been performed for determination of habitat restrictions andmonitoring tracks of this species. Therefore total monitoring tracks for this species was measured 44Km. Then these tracks have been visited daily and exact points for species presenting were recordedby GPS. In addition, herbaceous species, which are feed by Gazella subgutturosa were identified andalso listed by direct observation. Dried weight and density of herbaceous species which were grazedby Gazella subgutturosa were detected and biomass of Gazella subgutturosa habitat was calculated aswell.In next section, nutritional carrying capacity of Gazella subgutturosa in critical period was measuredby using animal units and daily requirement of Gazella subgutturosa to feeding. Cutting andweighting method and direct observation were also used for this measurement.Discussion: At the end of this project, 15 herbaceous species from 8 classes, which are using byGazella subgutturosa and wild sheep, have been identified. Furthermore it is recognized that Poaceaewith 8 species have most diversity in Gazella subgutturosa diet. To sum up, total carrying capacity forGazella subgutturosa protection in this area has been calculated 56 and 107 units with and withoutcompetitor’s assumption respectively. Manuscript profile

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7 - Estimation of physical, real and effective carrying capacity of sports tourism capacity in mountain resorts ecosystems (Case Study: Darban)
Sepideh Mohebi Seyed Mostafa Tayebi Sani Afshin Jafari Bagher Morsal

Background and Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the carrying capacity of sports tourism in mountainous areas by determining the three types of physical carrying capacity, real and effective. Material and Methodology: First; 102 hectares of the area More

Background and Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the carrying capacity of sports tourism in mountainous areas by determining the three types of physical carrying capacity, real and effective. Material and Methodology: First; 102 hectares of the area were selected as useful and usable areas by registering land points and preparing land use maps using GIS tools. In the next step, by reviewing the background, obtaining user votes and theoretical foundations of the research, the required parameters were extracted and calculated. Five limiting factors and ten parameters were used as coefficients in calculating the actual range capacity of the study site. A researcher-made questionnaire (Likert scale) with 384 people was used to score the parameters of the site management ability. Finding: According to which the lowest score belonged to the "parking" and "relief system" of the region (1.4). Finally, the physical, real and effective carrying capacity of the study site (379848, 72930 and 40111) per day was estimated, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The area management must plan in such a way as to ensure the sustainable operation in addition to the use of existing land uses. Manuscript profile

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8 - Host-Guest Attitudes toward Socio-Cultural Carrying Capacity of Urban Tourism in Chalus, Mazandaran
Seyyed Mohammad Mirtaghian Rudsari Najmeh Gharibi

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9 - Management of Recreational Sites and Observance of Environmental Law Considerations through Carrying Capacity Determination
Sepideh Mohebi Seyed Mostafa Tayebi Sani Afshin Jafari Bagher Morsal

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10 - Carrying Capacity in Tourism and its Measurement Methods
Houshang Ghafoori maryam seyednazari Fatemeh Kazemiyeh

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11 - Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced RC Bracket Using CFRP Plates
A Rafati S.V Razavi

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12 - Determination of Lateral load Capacity of Steel Shear Walls Based on Artificial Neural Network Models
Meisam Bayat Ali Delnavaz

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13 - Wood yield estimation in a Hyrcanian forest using ecological carrying capacity concept
arman sheikh ali jafari hamid jalilvand Anoshiravan alami

Utilization based on forest productivity potential is usually considered as part of the close to nature silvicultural methods, which are frequently prescribed to minimize damage to forest stands and natural regeneration. The current research reports the results of imple More

Utilization based on forest productivity potential is usually considered as part of the close to nature silvicultural methods, which are frequently prescribed to minimize damage to forest stands and natural regeneration. The current research reports the results of implementation of carrying capacity technique for logging procedure in a hornbeam-alder-oak hyrcanian forestss trees, in Loveh, in Golestan province. There are three kinds of carrying capacity. Physical carrying capacity is calculated on the basis of a clear cutting assumption and maximum forest utilization. Excluding snags and young stands and putting the topography, climate and erosion limitations into account, ecological carrying capacity is estimated. Finally management carrying capacity is a portion of ecological carrying capacity, which is feasible to logging from man power and automation point of view. In the long run and for hornbeam, the result of our research indicated a tally of 2700 and 1835 trees and wood volume of 15822 and 10753.1 m3 as physical and ecological carrying capacities respectively. Physical carrying capacity values for alder and oak tree counts were 1184 and 246 trees as well as their correspondent 7340.8 and 1739.22 m3 wood productions. Ecological carrying capacity for alder was 829 trees and 5139.8 m3 wood productions and for oak were 174 trees and 1230.18 m3 wood productions. Overall about 60% of ecological carrying capacity could be regarded as management carrying capacity.s of different disease using paired quadrat covariance showed that trees and dead trees are positively correlated, such that the difference in disease severity between the trees was greater, the co-occurrence was less likely. These results, the pattern of the distribution and development of charcoal disease offers that in the management and reforestation infected forests is applications    Manuscript profile

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14 - Application of Ecological Footprint for evaluation sustainable region Geographical (case study: Kermanshah Township)
Mostafa Shahinifar Mirsalar Habibi

Ecological foot print, as one of the most important sustainability indicator, which was initially introduced by Wackernagel and Rees in 1992, has received considerable attention and has been promoted as a policy and planning tool for sustainability. The methodology of t More

Ecological foot print, as one of the most important sustainability indicator, which was initially introduced by Wackernagel and Rees in 1992, has received considerable attention and has been promoted as a policy and planning tool for sustainability. The methodology of this article is based on descriptive and explanatory method. The main purpose of this research is to determine ecological footprint of township of kermanshah. The findings show that the ecological footprint in the township of Kermanshah is 2.445 hectares per person. This value have been distributed in five main groups: Food 1.225 (ha), housing; 0.615(ha), transportation;0.275(ha), consumer goods; 0.27(ha) and Services; 0.06(ha).The results confirm the fact that the township of Kermanshah to meet the needs of its viability is dependent on the area beyond the township of Kermanshah .Since the bio capacity of 0.8 hectares for Iranian, Ecological footprint is 2.445 hectares in Kermanshah township means three times larger than their share of environmental capacity allocated to the township 's sustainability. In other words, it can be stated that taking the current trend continues , the township of Kermanshah for food , energy and land requires to absorb the carbon dioxide Space equivalent to 10 times larger than  township itself and 3.3 fold of Kermanshah province . Manuscript profile

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15 - Sustainable ecotourism development in protected areas with an emphasis on the concept of environmental carrying capacity
مژگان بزم آرا بلشتی Mortezam tavakoly satar soltanian Kaveh Jafarzadeh

In this research, the breadth of capacity, ecotourism and Sports ecotourism of the protected area of Khayyz have been studied to achieve the development of sustainable ecotourism. In the same way, after providing information and analyzing them on the GIS and using the l More

In this research, the breadth of capacity, ecotourism and Sports ecotourism of the protected area of Khayyz have been studied to achieve the development of sustainable ecotourism. In the same way, after providing information and analyzing them on the GIS and using the linear combination method The area of the zones of each ecotourism activity was determined and Then, using the obtained information and theoretical foundations related to the capacity of the board, the threshold of ecotourism tolerance and sports ecotourism activities were calculated at three levels: physical, real and effective. According to the results, 60.5% of the total area was considered suitable for ecotourism, which has a very good area with the highest area (24.5%). Also, a very good area with 2420145 people with the highest physical range and 56278 the person has the most realistic wins. largest area of exercise ecotourism activity is located in the middle zone with an area of 3358/24 acres and it is indicative of the fact that the Southern Hemisphere is of medium power in terms of sport tourism. Out of the sports ecotourism activities, climbing activities have the highest capacity in a good area. This increase is due to the favorable environmental and ecological conditions and the greater area of these areas. Finally, studying the existing tourism situation and assessing the region indicates that the lack of attention to the threshold of environmental sustainability in the protected area of southern Khayzis can endanger the stability of the area in the short term. Manuscript profile

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16 - Estimating the carrying capacity of suitable zones for tourism development in Baneh city, Case study: Dokanan tourism area
Vahid Amini Parsa Esmail Salehi Fereshteh Azizabadi Samad Haji.Mohammad.Amini

The growth in tourism industry with no regard to potentials and carrying capacity of the land van lead to serious Environmental damages in long-term. Understanding the potential and proportion of land and using the quantitative methods to estimate the amount of utilizat More

The growth in tourism industry with no regard to potentials and carrying capacity of the land van lead to serious Environmental damages in long-term. Understanding the potential and proportion of land and using the quantitative methods to estimate the amount of utilization of existing resources have an important role in land use planning and management processes. Baneh city have been hosting considerable number of tourists during last decades and needs to improve the tourism infrastructures. Dokanan tourism area suggested to face with this requirement. In this paper suitable areas for recreational activities in Dokanan area of Baneh were detected using AHP-FUZZY method. Then based on the results of ecological land evaluation, physical and real carrying capacity of the case study were estimated. In this study, carrying capacity estimated in two cases: 1- for the whole area according to its capability and 2- according to zoning of area design. The results of this calculation show that second case gives more accurate and targeted responses in comparison to the first one which could be used in recreational planning and management of area. Manuscript profile

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17 - Assessing the Capacity of the Social Board Tourism in Kandovan Vilage, East Azarbayjan Province
Abolfazl Ghanbari

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and assess the social carrying capacity of tourism in the region of Kandovan. For this purpose, in 1394, the documentary approach, survey and questionnaire is used. For data analysis software from SPSS and AMOS Structural Equati More

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and assess the social carrying capacity of tourism in the region of Kandovan. For this purpose, in 1394, the documentary approach, survey and questionnaire is used. For data analysis software from SPSS and AMOS Structural Equation Model of the software environment used. The results show that the effectiveness of the host society's attitude to tourism social carrying capacity of the host society in the region of Kandovan, /254, which has less impact on the variables on each other. The impact of tourist arrivals and cultural changes in lifestyle, particularly social behavior in society 1/022 host and the host communities’ satisfactory effect of determining the carrying capacity of social infrastructure on tourism, is 1/480. The impact of satisfaction tourists determining the carrying capacity of the social infrastructure of tourism, /517 and the effects of individual variables and changes in underlying values of the host society of the host society is 1/465. Thus, the effect of individual variables and the underlying host society's changing values of society /727 guests and finally the effect of population density on tourism social carrying capacity of the host society /460 and the effect of population density on tourism social carrying capacity in terms of society's guests /761. Manuscript profile

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