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Open Access Article
1 - One Anecdote, Several Narrations A Comparative Review of the Story, Death Angel (Azrael) Looking at a Man... in Mathnavi and Other Sources
Karīmbakhsh SajjādīThe present article compares one of the anecdotes of Mathnavi (Death Angel (Azrael) looking at a man...) with some other resources in order to explain the advantages of Molānā’s narration in comparison to them.The present article compares one of the anecdotes of Mathnavi (Death Angel (Azrael) looking at a man...) with some other resources in order to explain the advantages of Molānā’s narration in comparison to them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - A Study of the Personality Element in the Common Anecdotes of the Haft Ourgan of Jami and Attar's Mosibat-nameh
Alireza Yavari Hadi KhadivarThe nineteenth - century mystic poet Jami used two hundred anecdotes and allegories to express ethical, educational, and mystical themes in Haft Ourang.Of these, there are eleven anecdotes in the AttarMosibat-nameh. One way of measuring the power of the poets' creativit MoreThe nineteenth - century mystic poet Jami used two hundred anecdotes and allegories to express ethical, educational, and mystical themes in Haft Ourang.Of these, there are eleven anecdotes in the AttarMosibat-nameh. One way of measuring the power of the poets' creativity and style is to compare and contrast their fictional allegories. In this study, have compared and compared eleven common stories of the Haft Ourangs and the Mosibat - nameh based on personality traits. Attar sometimes criticizes Wonders, sometimes by expressing moral delicacies, from the language of the insane to the instruction of kings and tyrants ruling the people, using his personality and personality in the anecdote to explain his creativity. He has used the intentions of his thoughts. The results show Attar's superiority, power and creativity because he has made the most use of the personality element as a fundamental tool in explaining his intentions and thoughts Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Semantic-semantic analysis of the story of a parrot and a merchant from Rumi's spiritual Masnavi
Pegah Rasouli Shahine Ojaghalizade Fateme EmamiSign-semantic is a new method in literary criticism that has never claimed to be an alternative to other approaches to literary criticism, but seeks to open new windows in meaning that are different from cognitive and superficial perceptions. This method challenges the MoreSign-semantic is a new method in literary criticism that has never claimed to be an alternative to other approaches to literary criticism, but seeks to open new windows in meaning that are different from cognitive and superficial perceptions. This method challenges the depth and connection of words, and leads us to new and dynamic concepts. This research intends, by descriptive-analytical method; The anecdote (parrot and merchant) examines one of the most valuable mystical and allegorical anecdotes of the first book of Masnavi from the point of view of semantics, in order to explain the means of explaining the meaning and the conditions of the actor crossing limited structural boundaries and reaching the transcendental and aesthetic meaning. The active-shushi parrot rises so high in the ranks beyond an ordinary chicken that by distancing itself from the material, it becomes a living and guiding hen and transcends in the direction of divine unity, and the active trader is transformed in the face of deep emotional tension. And in breaking with himself, he walks on the path of happiness and reaches intuitive cognition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A study of the semantic sign of Garmas discourse in selected anecdotes of Hadiqah al-Haqiqah Sanai
farahnaz ahmadi Fateme Emami Shahin Ojagh AlizadehDiscursive semiotics is the outcome of construct-oriented semiotics and anecdotes system of semantic studies. This view believes that the flow of "semantic production" is subject to a process in which sign-semantic factors are involved. Semiotics of discourse, in the fo MoreDiscursive semiotics is the outcome of construct-oriented semiotics and anecdotes system of semantic studies. This view believes that the flow of "semantic production" is subject to a process in which sign-semantic factors are involved. Semiotics of discourse, in the form of processes and in different aspects of cognitive, sensory-perceptual, emotional and aesthetic, etc. It's raised.The aim of this study was to investigate the semantic signs of Hadigheh al-Haqigheh anecdotals using library research method and descriptive-analytical analysis. It was concluded that in the study of discourse systems in Hadigheh al-Haqqeh, different types of these systems, including Intelligent and Shushi, can be seen that the dominant discourse systems are hadigheh. Cognitive discourse has a more important position in hadigheh anecdote as a mystical discourse, and according to the approach of such discourse, the cognitive process takes a different and sometimes different path in hadigheh anecdote. In the cognitive discourses of Hadigheh Sanaee, factors such as the relationship between effective verb knowing and believing with the question of cognition are discussed and also the relationship between the angle of vision and cognition is discussed. We also concluded that in some haddigheh anecdote, the production of meaning in the context of schema fusion leads to cognition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Study of Women’s Place in the Adages and Anecdotes through a Sociological Approach
Reza Forsati Jouybari Mina Nabayi -
Open Access Article
6 - Story-Telling Process in the Anecdotes of Hadiqat-al-Haqiqa by Sanāʾi
Ali Mohammad Moazzeni Monir KhalilianSanāʾi Hadiqat-al-Haqiqa (The Garden of Truth) is a mystical and didactic book in verse conceived as a continuing discourse on a wide range of ethical and religious subjects in the form of stories, anecdotes and allegories. Brevity and simplicity is the main characteris MoreSanāʾi Hadiqat-al-Haqiqa (The Garden of Truth) is a mystical and didactic book in verse conceived as a continuing discourse on a wide range of ethical and religious subjects in the form of stories, anecdotes and allegories. Brevity and simplicity is the main characteristic of the book, and this research aims, through a descriptive-analytic approach, to investigate the processing system of Hadiqat-al-Haqiqa stories, especially its short anecdotes, and to study the elements of characterization, plot, dialogues and setting in them. To do so, thirty anecdotes of Hadiqat-al-Haqiqa were selected to be investigated and analyzed. According to the obtained results Hadiqat-al-Haqiqa contains many features of minimalism such as conciseness, simple plot, abundance of dialogue, limited number of characters and episodes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Analysis of the semantic sign of the story of the king and the maid of Rumi's spiritual Masnavi
Pegah Rasouli Shahin Ojaq AlizadTitle:Analysis of the semantic sign of the story of the king and the maid of Rumi's spiritual MasnaviPegah Rasooli *PhD student of Islamic Azad University, RoodehenSt.p_rasouli@riau.ac.irShahin Ojaghalizade Assistant Professor Islamic Azad University, RoodehenFatemeh Em MoreTitle:Analysis of the semantic sign of the story of the king and the maid of Rumi's spiritual MasnaviPegah Rasooli *PhD student of Islamic Azad University, RoodehenSt.p_rasouli@riau.ac.irShahin Ojaghalizade Assistant Professor Islamic Azad University, RoodehenFatemeh EmamiAssistant Professor Islamic Azad University, RoodehenAl-Tanfih and Al-Maraghah Al-Linguistics:Date of arrival: Date of acceptance:AbstractOne of the novel methods in the study and analysis of literary texts is the use of the sign-semantics model. In this approach, the process of producing meaning is linked to sensory-perceptual conditions, and signs, along with meaning, become fluid, dynamic, plural, and multidimensional. Considering the interpretability and breadth of meaning that can be seen in the mystical anecdotes of Masnavi. This approach was the basis of research in the story of the king and the maid from the first book of Rumi's Masnavi. The present paper, in a descriptive-analytical manner, seeks to examine the types of discourse systems used in this story. The results of this study indicate that discourse is dynamic and discourse evolution has given special effects to the story. Discourse systems have components of action, tension, enlightenment, with phenomenal, transcendental, ecstatic, ethical and cultural functions, and the action system based on stress with high emotional pressure has the most pivotal role. Also in the analysis of the text, how to produce and defer the meaning based on the functions discussed, is explained.Keywords: Sign - Semantics, Narrative, Spiritual Masnavi, King and Slave, Action, Tension, Susa. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Take a look at allegorical stories and anecdotes in Boostan
masoud pakdelConsidering that the expression of the material in the form of anecdotes and stories is more effective and pleasant, Saadi in Boostan has used the allegorical anecdotes in quoting the teachings and excellent moral and legal contents.for a better understanding of literar MoreConsidering that the expression of the material in the form of anecdotes and stories is more effective and pleasant, Saadi in Boostan has used the allegorical anecdotes in quoting the teachings and excellent moral and legal contents.for a better understanding of literary works,they shoud be analyzed, that is why it is necessary to analyze allegorical tales of Boostan In this research, we try to answer the question by analytical-descriptive method and with the aim of knowing allegorical tales of Boostan how and for what purpose Saadi has used allegory and to what extent allegorical anecdotes have been effective in the beauty of the story and the transmission of concepts. The results show that Saadi has been successful in creating allegorical anecdotes and providing appropriate and diverse evidence and examples, and has expressed his valuable content in the form of allegorical short stories in a way that is very influential on readers. The expression of moral teachings in the form of stories, in addition to etiquette, has also caused their permanence Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Investigating the methods of allegory and reasoning in expressing the concepts of some of the stories of Masnavi
Ali Khanbabaei Ali Sohrabnejad Omidvar AlimahmoudiMasnavi is an allegorical work in which Rumi expressed mystical and didactic truths with symbolic language; The purpose of this research is to investigate the methods and techniques of Rumi's allegory and reasoning in expressing Masnavi concepts in some anecdotes. In th MoreMasnavi is an allegorical work in which Rumi expressed mystical and didactic truths with symbolic language; The purpose of this research is to investigate the methods and techniques of Rumi's allegory and reasoning in expressing Masnavi concepts in some anecdotes. In this way, they first studied and took notes on the sources in the field of parables, and then, by carefully examining Masnavi, they started to categorize and organize allegorical concepts and reasoning methods of Rumi in this precious work. This research is descriptive and analytical and based on library information, study and note-taking of existing books and articles, and with a detailed study of Masnavi text.At the end, they have given some examples under the following titles such as: Fable (animal story) and Parable (human story), Exemplum (story-example), proverb, as well as rhetorical reasoning methods and allegorical reasoning. And they have concluded that by using these methods, Rumi has conveyed his intended concepts to his reader in a convincing manner.Keywords: Masnavi, allegory, anecdote, reasoning Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Applicarion spellbinding in animal stories in Marzbannameh
Hossein Abbasnezhad parvaneh Adelzadeh Kamran Pashayi FakhriAnimals play an allegorical and symbolic role, apart from being rich in content and the attractiveness of the stories, the poets and writers of the texts of order and prose use their allegorical approach more to fulfill ethical, educational, social and political goals. MoreAnimals play an allegorical and symbolic role, apart from being rich in content and the attractiveness of the stories, the poets and writers of the texts of order and prose use their allegorical approach more to fulfill ethical, educational, social and political goals. In these tales, there is more than thought, passion, deception, greed, craziness, deceit, deception, and action in action. In this article, the criterion of the selection of stories is the presence of animal characters active in events and events. Often in these tales only the animal character speaks, sometimes it acts in the nature of animals and has animal motives and sometimes includes motives and deeds attributed to humans. Any trick and no means of thinking can not be done, but must be accompanied by the counsel of the wise. In this research, which has been done in a fundamental way based on library studies and descriptive-analytical method, it has been shown that the dictates are practiced as an opponent, and the hero originally derives from a perceptual mistake that is based on habit. This research points out the superiority of Squeal and Vile by force, courage and strength, and says that those who go to the enemy with a remedy and decree are more victorious than those who rely solely on the sharp fist and force of the arm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Investigate the functioning of tools, "parable and anecdote" in Sufi education assemblies
Mohammad Haji AbadiMajor part of Sufi unparagraphed prose is educational prose that includes training the principles and basics of the religious beliefs and the mystical on the one hand, and promoting the mysticism and Sufism among the common people and the middle, on the other hand. It s MoreMajor part of Sufi unparagraphed prose is educational prose that includes training the principles and basics of the religious beliefs and the mystical on the one hand, and promoting the mysticism and Sufism among the common people and the middle, on the other hand. It should be indicated here that a kind of educational and promotional unparagraphed prose of the gatherings is Sufi preaching. Holding preaching meetings and in a sense, “parliamentary accountability " was an ancient tradition in Iran after Islam and has been considered as a method of understanding the education and promotion of the religious and mystical beliefs. Since the audiences of the preaching assemblies were the common people and the middle and had no ability to perceive the rational arguments like that, eloquent has been attempted to utter the issues in a tangible and perceivable manner for them and was trying to make clear and explain the topics using examples, parables, anecdotes and such cases instead of ratiocinate. In this study, the author, by looking at the prose of Sufi educational assemblies, intends to analyze the plurality of anecdote, parable and allegory, one of the most obvious features such unparagraphed prose and also to investigate of the eloquent and scribes’ objectives and purposes applying these tools and elements in those meetings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - A Study of Allegory in "the story of the lover who came at night in the hope of beloved's promise that had been mentioned”
E. Shirmohammadi A. M. Moazeni MoazeniMasnavi Ma'navi, as the great ocean of knowledge, is an excellent educational work in which allegory is a rhetorical ploy and its only purpose is not storytelling itself, but the transfer of deeper meanings and messages has foremost importance. The rhetorical ploy (alle MoreMasnavi Ma'navi, as the great ocean of knowledge, is an excellent educational work in which allegory is a rhetorical ploy and its only purpose is not storytelling itself, but the transfer of deeper meanings and messages has foremost importance. The rhetorical ploy (allegory) because of influence and persuasion features has a very high application. Masnavi Ma'navi is an obvious and typical sample of allegorical work that Moulavi due to the type of work has taken steps in making the path of desired mental complex concepts more clearly and sometimes taken advantages of bringing anecdotes in the heart of each other to transfer these concepts easier.In the following study, we are about to analyze and consider different layers of allegory, one of the anecdotes of the sixth book entitled "the story of the lover who came at night in the hope of beloved's promise that had mentioned". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - An Analysis of Allegory in Anecdotes of the Rozeye Khold by Majd –e- Khafi
F. Rabie A. Yousef FamRozeye Khold by Majd –e- Khafi that is an imitation of the Saadi's Golestan is written in the eighteen chapters, including short, concise, and instructive anecdotes and Allegory. In the present study, an attempt is made to analyze the allegory of the Rozeye Khold, MoreRozeye Khold by Majd –e- Khafi that is an imitation of the Saadi's Golestan is written in the eighteen chapters, including short, concise, and instructive anecdotes and Allegory. In the present study, an attempt is made to analyze the allegory of the Rozeye Khold, considering anecdotes and allegorical characters in the anecdotes marked. The research methodology is descriptive - analytical. It would have been more effective concepts and content. Most of them are short allegories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Exploring and Explaining the Effects of Allegory in Mowlana's Mystical Stories Moses and Shepherd
Ferehteh Naseri Shahin GhasemiAllegory, as one of the most important foundations of imagination, embraces a wide range of different topics of Persian literary texts. The obvious manifestation of this is significant in mystical texts. Meanwhile, "Masnavi" as one of the most significant works of Persi MoreAllegory, as one of the most important foundations of imagination, embraces a wide range of different topics of Persian literary texts. The obvious manifestation of this is significant in mystical texts. Meanwhile, "Masnavi" as one of the most significant works of Persian literature embraces various elements and themes that utilize a variety of rhetorical tools, including allegory, a major contribution to the transfer of doctrines And moral, social, mystical, philosophical and ... concepts. Therefore, in this article, we will examine the effects of allegory in each of the stages of the course of the mystical narrative of Moses and Sha'ban Masnavi in order to find that Mowlana has used the means to determine the content of his story structure and his ultimate goal of this plot The mysticism is based on the principles and standards of the rule of the allegory. In this regard, after mentioning the discussions about the history and function of the category of allegory, we will present the mystical teachings of this story with regard to the topic of allegory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Association of Quranic Terms with the Intuition of Verses' uperficial Reality in Islamic Mysticism
Shahla Rahmani Susan Alerasoul Mehrdad AbbasiMystics’ absence of the specification of explanatory fundamentals and the ambiguity in their method of interpretations leds to a supposition towards mystical interpretations not being consistent with the common ways of comprehending a text, and the assumption of m MoreMystics’ absence of the specification of explanatory fundamentals and the ambiguity in their method of interpretations leds to a supposition towards mystical interpretations not being consistent with the common ways of comprehending a text, and the assumption of mystical interpretations being merely the result of the mystic’s passions and personal tastes and them being based on the recollection of meanings and without the terms’ implications was created. and this is only when the mystical interpreter, in quoting Allah’s intention, regards the external dimension of the verses’ meanings as being in the possession of a special authenticity, topicality and aims to achieve Allah’s way of expressing his understanding of the intention. The discovery and intuition distinguished from that of the external meaning of the verses’ was considered signs of the intuition being diverted and concealed in the mystic’s definition. Mystical ontology assigns a being to the world’s external dimensions. As a result, the mystical interpreter doesn't confine his interpretation solely to the external implications of terms and attempts to draw his own manifestation of intuitive meanings by firstly taking into account the outer realities of verses and secondly resorting to such intermediaries as dream, allegory, story, preaching, hadith. This paper attempts to analyse the place of quranic terms and the verses’ external realities in the mystic’s innovative mind and tries to prove that what the mystic intuitively witnesses get categorized as the common meaning of interpretation and longitudinal exegesis presented by the mystics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Political-pedagogical view of the camel and the pious hordes in Marzban-e-Mail
hossein abbasnejad Parvaneh Adelzadeh kamran pashayi fakhriMarzbannameh has played an important role in the history of Iranian civilization and Islamic societies. This book focuses on human and community attitudes in traditional society. Most of Marzbannameh's stories are allegorical and animalistic. The main reason for using a MoreMarzbannameh has played an important role in the history of Iranian civilization and Islamic societies. This book focuses on human and community attitudes in traditional society. Most of Marzbannameh's stories are allegorical and animalistic. The main reason for using animal characters is probably political and social content. Borderline stories illustrate the function of power in societies. By analyzing the anecdote, one can examine the structure of political culture and its impact on individual and social behaviors. The prevailing political culture in society is related to human relations. In this anecdote, the allegorical characters are the successor characters, that is, the animal is the successor to the thinking, the mood, and the intended concepts of the author and narrator. In this study, the lion, as a symbol of power, is at the top of the pyramid of power, and the force that causes the lion to occupy such a position is his power, power, and dominance over others. The ruler or ruler in the hierarchy of power must delegate duties and responsibilities to persons who have the competence, competence, and ability to perform those tasks, and are not disruptive of order and security as they enter the lion's court. From the educational point of view, we can also mention the losses of the oppression and the consequence of the oppressors of the oppressors of the foregoing and the impatient extremists who seek to preserve their lives, their political position and their status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The comparison between Kurdish and Persian proverbs
seyed ahmad parsaThe object of this study is to make a comparison between proverbs of two languages: Kurdish and Farsi. Recognition of common affairs of these languages is considered as another aim for this research, a matter which can improve human communications within two languages; MoreThe object of this study is to make a comparison between proverbs of two languages: Kurdish and Farsi. Recognition of common affairs of these languages is considered as another aim for this research, a matter which can improve human communications within two languages; for, the knowing of common cultural affairs including proverbs will provide a suitable basis for understanding each other and subsequently it can help improve national unity and conformation. In this course 3000 Kurdish and Farsi proverbs have been gathered and compared with each other through a systematic sampling method. To fulfill the research these references have been selected: "Kurdish bywords" by Qadir Fattahi Qazi, "12000 Persian proverbs and their equivalents" by Ibrahim Shakourizadeh Boluri; because the above references are more comprehensive than the others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Educational Aspects of Sanaee’s Masnavi Hadiqat al Haqiqa
eshagh Toghyani maryam HeidariMysticism has always played an important role in the proliferation of didactic literature. The value of staying away from the word, instability and transient nature of the world and its grief, avoiding immoralities and taking virtues are all the common issues in mystici MoreMysticism has always played an important role in the proliferation of didactic literature. The value of staying away from the word, instability and transient nature of the world and its grief, avoiding immoralities and taking virtues are all the common issues in mysticism and didactic literature. The Hadiqat al Haqiqa is the first spiritual lyric that has been composed for teaching of spiritual, religious and moral issues. Sanaee is the first poet who has made use of anecdote and parable for moral and mystical behaviors. He has been a model for subsequent poets in this respect. This article tries to investigate the different didacticand moral concepts in Hadiqat al Haqiqa and show the outstanding role of anecdotes and parables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Meaning maker form tensions in Educational texts (a case and formalistic study on Boostan)
Mohsen BotlabA text is a coherent totality that consists of signs tension based on some relationships. The relationships include conflict and similarity which have become substituted and collocated. Among the texts that have been written to teach and imposed a certain meaning, some MoreA text is a coherent totality that consists of signs tension based on some relationships. The relationships include conflict and similarity which have become substituted and collocated. Among the texts that have been written to teach and imposed a certain meaning, some have significant form and prominent tensions. Poetic educational anecdotes are texts that the author of this article has tried to get the most semantic use from tension between form signs namely, rhythm, poetry and narrative. In this study attempts are made to analyze Boostan, as one of the most influential educational texts, through descriptive analytical method and with formalistic approach. using narrative descriptions, time cycles and internalized time, use of hyper-narrative, reader orientation etc… are the most important meaning making techniques that has led to changes of this text into a didactic text type and other similar texts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Attār’s Protest Tone against the Worldly Authorities in Mantiq-u-Tayr
Zahrā Khākbāz Mahdi HeidariTone is the method of reading words and sentences in the text space; it originates from individual and collective beliefs and moral, spiritual and psychological characteristics of individuals, which are combined with the rhetoric, form and structure of poetry. Tone has MoreTone is the method of reading words and sentences in the text space; it originates from individual and collective beliefs and moral, spiritual and psychological characteristics of individuals, which are combined with the rhetoric, form and structure of poetry. Tone has always been considered as one of the most important elements of creating space and influencing the audience, because it expresses the inner feelings and emotions of the author. Based on the chosen subject, an author should be able to choose, far from artificiality, a tone that suits his/ her text. After introducing the tone, its types and manner of its formation, this descriptive-analytical study tries to consider the tone of Attār of Nishapur in opposition to the worldly authorities in the book of Mantiq-u-Tayr and to introduce its different types. The results of the study show that anecdotes are one of the most important areas of tone expression, because they are dialogue-oriented and are formed in dialogue. Attār of Nishapur has created different tones in composing Mantiq-u-Tayr, as one of the most important works of mystical poetry. In general, the tone of protest, especially the protest against the rulers and sultans in his works is more noticeable than other tones. Attār uses a variety of tones against those in power, including the protest tone, the preaching tone, the warning tone, etc., each of which is described separately Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Analysis of Semiotics of Masnavi Manavi in Baqdadi Man
mahnaz Ravanbakhsh Shahin Oujagh Alizadeh Fatemeh EmamiABSTRACTThe very study aims to investigate the variant discourse approaches which has emerged based on interactive, perceptive, dynamic and innovative relationship with the world. The discourses in adjacent to their former semiotics and in interaction with other semioti MoreABSTRACTThe very study aims to investigate the variant discourse approaches which has emerged based on interactive, perceptive, dynamic and innovative relationship with the world. The discourses in adjacent to their former semiotics and in interaction with other semiotics has found independent entity with a new semantic sense. This research demonstrates new approaches in aspects of communication to open new horizon of meanings for the reader. The researcher investigates the semiotics and their approach in semantic based on “Ganj-e-Baqdadi” anecdote. The research aims to investigate the semiotics not only in singular way but also in relation to collection of other semiotics causing meaning construction in communication meanwhile, the possibility and accessibility of character of the communication in the anecdote is considered. The key point is that semiotics in an interactive process lead to meaning creation, artistic generation and eloquence.This research has answered to the following questions . This research strongly aims to investigate in which circumstance of discourse the process of evolution and chaos in discourse of this anecdote happen? How the discourse change does result in dynamic meanings? Which discourse-base system outperform considering the mythological-based of it? What is the basis of mystical semiotics change ?Considering mystical based of Masnavi-Maanavi, which discourse approach represents it more? The research results in the impossibility of study on meaning regardless of its application in discourse which meaning creation flow is shaped there. Then after, it creates evolution in semantics. Generally speaking, this research aims to investigate different schools of discourse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - The Forgiveness in Saadis Gulistan
parisa davariForgiveness is among human and moral concepts which has highly been dealt with in our literary texts. It specially holds a prominent place in didactic and mystic works and has been in particular and individually referred to in some texts; contrary to expectations, howev MoreForgiveness is among human and moral concepts which has highly been dealt with in our literary texts. It specially holds a prominent place in didactic and mystic works and has been in particular and individually referred to in some texts; contrary to expectations, however, there is no chapter dedicated specifically to this concept in the works created by Saadi. It has rather been briefly pointed out in his anecdotes. At first, he attributes this trait to the God and correlates it with the “concealing” attribute of the God. He, then, invites regnant in his aphorisms to show forgiveness. That might be the reason why the concept is more referred to in the first chapter (Kings’ Way of Life). As Saadi puts it, the kings, who often had erratic nature and handed down stiff sentences, mostly forgave disfavored through intermediation of third parties, considering an elegant speech or an epigram favored by his royal nature , a reply or reasoning by the disfavored or someone else or beholding a behavior exhibited by the disgraced. He attributes the trait to the God’s fellows as well and regarding Dervish ethics tells two anecdotes validating this statement. It is worthwhile mentioning that regardless of all his commendations concerning forgiveness, he believes that the kings sometimes offer forgiveness unduly and by mistake to oppressors and corrupt agents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Criticism of the Sufis of the inappropriate times and hostile people
Ghahreman ShiriDue to attachment to certain principles such as the supreme system of creation, determinism and fatalism, submission in faith and also because of the inclination towards endurance and idleness in behavior, mysticism fundamentally has not much objection to the present st MoreDue to attachment to certain principles such as the supreme system of creation, determinism and fatalism, submission in faith and also because of the inclination towards endurance and idleness in behavior, mysticism fundamentally has not much objection to the present state of affairs however the fact is that in practice the complaint of the great sufi figures of their times and their people in general is not less significant than that of the other classes. The root of these dissatisfactions should be sought in what factors? The truth is that in many periods the country had undergone such agitation and turbulence that even great sufi figures had begun to raise their voices. In addition to the worldliness and indifference towards religious teachings particularly oblivion of the remembrance of God from the mind, and tongue of people, and those in power in everyday life and formation of conflicts between fanatical groups, attachment to wealth and position by the religious authorities and certainly the sensitive temperament of sufi figures are among the influential factors causing dissatisfactions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Moulana and Minimalism (Study of Minimalistic stories in Divan Shams)
Ramin Sadeghi NejadRegarding literary theory and criticism, it is customary to believe that one can only apply them to contemporary texts. However criticism is a scientific tool and every text, whether classic or contemporary, from the modern perspective is prone to criticism and ex MoreRegarding literary theory and criticism, it is customary to believe that one can only apply them to contemporary texts. However criticism is a scientific tool and every text, whether classic or contemporary, from the modern perspective is prone to criticism and examination. One of the literary genres which has undergone significant changes over the recent years is the short story and a new offshoot of storytelling which becomes shorter and more concise each day is termed minimalism and as the name suggests in Farsi it is named and . They both share common characteristics. In rich classic Persian literature whether in prose or poetry, there are numerous anecdotes and stories which in many respects fall into the category of minimalistic stories. The present article is an attempt to present and examine examples of such stories fromMoulana’s Divan Kabir. Manuscript profile
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