Transplanting

Open Access Article

1 - Determination of Optimum Transplanting Date for Double Cropping of Rice (Oryza sativa L. CV. Tarom Mahalli) in Mazandaran
Majid Esmaeilzadeh Yousef Niknejad Hormoz Fallah Amoli norollah kheyri

Timely transplanting is one of the major objectives of success in double cropping of rice. To determine the best transplanting dates for double cropping of Tarom mahalli in Mazandaran, a field experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three r More

Timely transplanting is one of the major objectives of success in double cropping of rice. To determine the best transplanting dates for double cropping of Tarom mahalli in Mazandaran, a field experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicaties in Amol in 2014. Treatments were: 24 transplanting dates beginning from June 28 to September 5 with intervals of three days. The results of analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences among different transplanting dates for all agronomic traits and grain yield at 1% probability levels. Delaying transplanting increased unfilled grain number per panicle and decreased other agronomic traits including seed yield. The highest grain yield (with an average of 3975.2 kg.ha-1) was obtained at 1st of July transplanting date. This was due to the increase in the number of seeds (80.3), number of filled seed per panicle (72) and panicle number per plant (18.3). The lowest grain yield (with an average of 38.5 kg.ha-1) was obtained at the 5th of September transplanting. Early transplanting decreased days to different phonological stages (days to tillering, 50% flowering and maturity). Delay in transplanting, however, reduced daily temperature, increased number of days to the developmental stages and thus decreased seed yield. Early July transplanting due to suitable temperatures and radiation for flowering and lack of heavy rainfall increased seed yield of rice. It could be concluded that transplanting from the 28th of June to the 10th of July can be considered as the optimum transplanting date for double cropping of rice (var. Tarom mahalli) at Amol climatic conditions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Effect of direct seeding and transplanting methods on yield and yield components of different onion cultivars in short-day condition
H. Kh M. Kh A. ابوطالبی

In order to evaluate the effect of direct seeding and transplanting methods on yield and yield components of seven onion cultivars, an experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design with four replications in Agricultural Research S More

In order to evaluate the effect of direct seeding and transplanting methods on yield and yield components of seven onion cultivars, an experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design with four replications in Agricultural Research Station of Minab at 2011. The factors were consisted of culture methods (direct seeding and transplanting) and onion cultivars (602, 611, Mars, Mega, Primavera, Stratus and early White). Sowing in nursery was done in the middle of September and transplants were transferred to main field in the middle of November. Direct seeding was done at October, 22. In the direct seeding method, the transplants were thinned 50 days after sowing and plants distances were regulated 10 cm. Results showed that bolting percent, plant height and bulb shape index in the transplanting method were more than direct seeding method. Regarding, days to bulbing and harvest, transplanting onions were earlier ripening than direct seeding onions. Bulb yield in transplanting method was more than direct seeding method in all cultivars but this difference only was significant in 602, Mega and Stratus cultivars. The 611 and Primavera cultivars were earlier ripening than other cultivars. The lowest bulb yield was recorded in the 611 and Mars cultivars and there was no significant difference between other cultivars. Generally, in the condition of this experiment, transplanting method led to increasing of yield and early ripening of onion. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Effects of different transplanting dates on quantitative and qualitative traits of flue-cured tobacco (K326) in Mazandran, Iran
Yaghoub Yaghoubi Sobhan alah GHanbari Hamid reza Mobaser Abdol rahim Mahdavi Ali Sadeghi

In order to determine the best transplanting date for the flue-cured tobacco (cv. K326) in rain fed conditions, this study was done in randomized complete block design with 7 transplanting dates every 10 days(4, 14 and 24 April, 4, 14 and 24 May and 3 June) in 4 replica More

In order to determine the best transplanting date for the flue-cured tobacco (cv. K326) in rain fed conditions, this study was done in randomized complete block design with 7 transplanting dates every 10 days(4, 14 and 24 April, 4, 14 and 24 May and 3 June) in 4 replications in Tirtash Research and Education Center in 2009. The results showed the significant effect of transplanting date on all studied factors except the number of leaves, the percentage of sugar and nicotine. Days from transplanting to flowering were the lowest for April 4th (90.3 days). Maximum dry weight of leaves (3824 kg/ha) was obtained for transplanting date May 4th that shows about 36%  increase compared to the lowest yield of dry leaf (13 June). Maximum and minimum price for one kilogram of tobacco were obtained for transplanting dates April 4th and June 3rd, respectively and there was 1.5 $ difference per kg. Maximum length and width of leaves was obtained on May 4th. Maximum percentage of leaf nitrogen (2.3%) was seen for June 3rd that was 39.2% more than April 14th (1.4%) and the maximum percentage of potassium (%2.25) was 41.7% higher than April 24th (the lowest percentage of potassium). Dry leaf yield had positive and significant correlation with leaf number, plant height and gross income. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali Rahimi

Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal More

Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Study on growth phenology of soybean cultivars after harvesting of rice in Guilan province
Hasan Akhgary Shahram Sedaghathoori

Intercropping of agricultural crops is one of the proper approaches for increasing of agriculture efficiency. To achieve this purpose in Guilan rice lands, sequential cropping of rice and soybean was assessed. In this experiment, rice as a main crop and soybean as a sec More

Intercropping of agricultural crops is one of the proper approaches for increasing of agriculture efficiency. To achieve this purpose in Guilan rice lands, sequential cropping of rice and soybean was assessed. In this experiment, rice as a main crop and soybean as a second crop were planted. Soybean seeds were sown and production of soybean transplants carried out before rice harvesting. Immediately after rice harvesting and preparation of rice land to plant the second crop, transplants of seven cultivars of soybean planted in related blocks. Traits of soybean cultivars assessed by randomized completely block design in three replications. Vegetative and reproductive stages of soybean transplants and plants studied from sowing date to harvesting time. Based on the results, maximum transplants death, minimum seed yield, minimum plant height, maximum chlorosis due to deep water at base of the plants and minimum height of first sheath per plant related to SRF cultivar. Minimum transplants death in soybean nursery related to William's cultivar with 96.6 % safe plant. Plant height, lateral foliage number and seed yield traits had significant difference at confidence level of 0.01, while height of first sheath and seed numbers per plant had significant difference at confidence level of 0.01among soybean cultivars. Results showed that Pashm-Baghala and LI, cultivars had maximum seed yield (194.5 and 196.1 gr/m2), while SRF cultivar had minimum yield. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and planting dates on stem borer and blast disease and yield in replanted rice cultivars in Amol, Iran
Allahyar Fallah Merhdad Allahyar Fallah Ranjbar Abdolreza

10.22034/aej.2019.664983

To determine the effects of planting date and nitrogen fertilizer on stem borer, blast disease and rice yield of in replanted rice cultivars of Koohsar, Binam, Tarom Hashemi, and Tarom Mahali, two separate experiments were carried out in split plot based on randomized c More

To determine the effects of planting date and nitrogen fertilizer on stem borer, blast disease and rice yield of in replanted rice cultivars of Koohsar, Binam, Tarom Hashemi, and Tarom Mahali, two separate experiments were carried out in split plot based on randomized complete block design during the growing years of 2015-2016 in Amol, Iran. The first experiment was the effect of nitrogen fertilizer with the amounts of 30, 60, and 90 kg/ha on rice cultivars. The second one was the effect of planting dates including 24 July, 3, 11, and 13 August on severity of stem borer, blast disease and rice cultivars yield. The severity of stem borer was about 18 on Koohsar, and 6 ~ 12% on Binam, Tarom Hashemi, and Tarom Mahali cultivars. The increase of nitrogen application rate resulted in significant increase of stem borer severity in vegetative and reproductive stages.The amounts of panicle node blast in Koohsar and Binam cultivars were 21 ~ 43 and 4%, respectively. Increasing nitrogen rate caused significantly higher rice yield, but application of 90 kg/ha N increased the severity of stem borer. There was no significant difference in stem borer severity among the studied cultivars. The stem borer and blast disease severity was in maximum level in the first planting date. Panicle node blast severity in Koohsar was more than local rice cultivars in all three planting dates. To obtain higher rice yield and less damage of stem borer and blast disease in rice replanting system, the second  planting date and 60 kg/ha of N fertilizer is recommended. Manuscript profile

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