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Open Access Article
1 - Synthesis structural and anti-microbial characterization of nanostructured doped tin oxide
Achyutmohan Chaudhury Utsa Debnath Sujay Munshi Goutam Basak Avigyan Dutta Suvadip Masanta Achintya Singha Aritra Banerjee Debtanu Ghosh Partha Chatterjee Apurba Kanti Deb -
Open Access Article
2 - Theoretical and Practical Rethinking of Communism in Soviet Union Collapse
Mohammad Tohidfam Akram SalehiFirmly can say after world war two, soviet union collapsing was the most important international political evolution in twentieth century. This evolution was the end of forty five years of cold war and bipolar system and forced the new basic conditions to the internatio MoreFirmly can say after world war two, soviet union collapsing was the most important international political evolution in twentieth century. This evolution was the end of forty five years of cold war and bipolar system and forced the new basic conditions to the international system. Because of that a lot of scientists and researchers especially in political science field and international relations research on the failure of communism and collapse of the first practical experience of communism system in early decade 1990 and discussed different aspect of this subject. In this article tried discusses the insufficiency attention to end of the bipolar system and in this frame work cases such as nonflexible economic that based on concentrated programs, not attention to personal motivation of people in economic activities, social problems based on the distance between people and governors, lack of dynamism political of society, nonperson freedom, lose in military and scientific competition with imperialism and other things in form of communism scientific insufficiency which explained and then also these insufficiencies in theory aspects were discussed. In communism insufficiencies subject, subjects such as not attention to freedoms and its manifestation, exaggerating in proletariat role, no view in field work, faraway of rationalism no experience historical obligation (dialectical materialism) and finely disability in making a hard ideological link between nations, have been studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Sensing of Methanol and Ethanol with Nano-Structured SnO2 (110) in Gas Phase: Monte Carlo Simulation
N. Mangkorntong L. Mahdavian F. Mollaamin M. Monajjemi -
Open Access Article
4 - Adsorption of Pyrazolone[HPMSP1,Calix[4]-arene, Cu(II) and Cs on Carbon Nanotube
M. Vahdi K. Zare A. Boos Z. Asfari -
Open Access Article
5 - Synthesis of SnO2 and C,N,S-tridoped SnO2 nanoparticles by Precipitation method
A. Nouri A. Fakhri Arezu Nouri -
Open Access Article
6 - Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange and Congo red using C,N,S-tridoped SnO2 nanoparticles
Azita Nouri Ali Fakhri Arezu Nouri -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigate Blocking effect on snow event of heavy and continuous in Iran
Fatemeh Dargahian Bohloul AlijaniEach heavy snow event may be not caused by blocking phenomenon, but Occurrence ofpersistent and heavy snow (4 days or more) can be associated with the occurrence of blockingphenomenon. In order to understand and evaluate the effectiveness of the heavy snowfall andpersis MoreEach heavy snow event may be not caused by blocking phenomenon, but Occurrence ofpersistent and heavy snow (4 days or more) can be associated with the occurrence of blockingphenomenon. In order to understand and evaluate the effectiveness of the heavy snowfall andpersistent blocking patterns Iran, Daily data of 500 hPa height, For the cold season (Octoberto March); A period of 60 years in a horizontal grid with a spatial resolution 5/2 * 5/2, fromNCEP-NCAR sites, was extracted to 40 degrees west and 100 degrees east longitude and 20to 80 degrees north latitude. In order to extract the blocking event, data Based on quantitativeindex climatology, the name of the two-dimensional detector, in MAT LAB softwareenvironment, were programmed to detect the occurrence. Then all blocking events continuedfor 4 days and further extracted. Due to the volume of data, through principal component andclustering techniques, extracted the prevailing patterns blocking. The dominant patterns ofprecipitation were effective in blocking 4 models on which of these four models, only onemodel is effective on snow and severe persistent. Results showed that the effects onprecipitation patterns, Only Omega blocking pattern, Right trough was recognized as aneffective blocking pattern on snow, because the cold air from above to strengthen widths rainsystem. The results showed if other conditions such as the availability of synoptic Strongpressure level ground, Position of zero degrees C isotherm at 850 hPa and The thickness ofthe layer thickness of 500 to 1000 Maps Leading to heavy snowfall continued to be in thepresence of blocking occurrence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Application of Digital Atmosphere 2000 Software in Spatial Analysis of Climatic Features in Iran
M.A khorshid-Doost یوسف GhavidelFeatures such as thunderstorms and dust storms, foggy, snowy, and rainy days alongwith days containing frozen rainfalls have occupied great importance in fields likeagriculture, transportation, health, and environment. In this paper some abilities ofDigital Atmosphere s MoreFeatures such as thunderstorms and dust storms, foggy, snowy, and rainy days alongwith days containing frozen rainfalls have occupied great importance in fields likeagriculture, transportation, health, and environment. In this paper some abilities ofDigital Atmosphere software have been used in a spatial analysis of some of theabove-mentioned climatic features of Iran. The results indicate differences in spatiotemporaldistribution of the factors under study. Thunderstorms take a higher positionamong climatic elements studied, and the greatest spatial changes belong to the type ofdust storm distribution patterns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The effect of innovative behavior on organizational performance by explaining the mediating role of customer relationship management and competitive advantage in the customers of Snowa refrigerator in Arak city.
maziyar kohzadichegeni mohamad taherirozbahaniThe present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of innovative behavior on organizational performance by explaining the mediating role of customer relationship management and competitive advantage in the customers of Snowa refrigerator in Arak MoreThe present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of innovative behavior on organizational performance by explaining the mediating role of customer relationship management and competitive advantage in the customers of Snowa refrigerator in Arak city. The method used in this research was a descriptive-survey method and applied in terms of purpose and from the field branch. The statistical population studied was the customers of Snowa refrigerator in the city of Arak, whose number is one of the unlimited communities. Using Cochran's sample size formula, 384 people were selected as a sample by simple random sampling. In this research, the standard questionnaires of Kanter's innovative behavior (1988), Hersey and Goldsmith's organizational performance (1981), Abbasi's customer relationship management (2008) and Lee et al.'s competitive advantage (2006) were used. In order to check the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha was calculated, which indicated the satisfactory reliability of the questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics including: mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum score, and structural equations were used in the inferential statistics section using SPSS version 21 and PLS3 software. The results indicate that innovative behavior has a positive and direct effect on organizational performance by explaining the mediating role of customer relationship management and competitive advantage in the customers of Snowa refrigerator in Arak city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Fixed point theorem for non-self mappings and its applications in the modular space
R. Moradi A. ‎Razani -
Open Access Article
11 - One-pot Synthesis of Amidoalkyl Naphthol Derivatives as Potential Nucleoside Antibiotics and HIV Protease Inhibitors using Nano-SnO2 as an Efficient Catalyst
Bita Baghernejad Elham Ashoori -
Open Access Article
12 - One-pot Synthesis of Xanthene Derivatives as Potential Antiviral and Anti-inflammatory Agents using Nano-SnO2 as an Efficient Catalyst
Bita Baghernejad Mahsa Fiuzat -
Open Access Article
13 - Synthesis of SnO2/ZnO Composite Nanofiberous via Electrospinning Method and Investigation of Effective Parameters on Morphology of the Prepared Nanofibers
H. Akbari Khorami M. Kianpoor-rad M.R. Vaezi -
Open Access Article
14 - Synthesis, Characterization and Investigation of Photocatalytic Activity of SnO2/ZnO Nanocomposite Coated with Salicylic Acid
T. Seyedi-Chokanlou S. Aghabeygi N. Molahasani F. Abrinaey -
Open Access Article
15 - Calculating the physical properties of snow, using differential radar interferometry and TerraSAR-X and MODIS images
Seyed Ali Alhossaini Almodaresi Javad Hatami Ali SarkargarThe process of saving snow in mountainous areas of water resources is important. According to studies conducted by about 60 percent surface water and 57% groundwater flow in snowy areas. In recent years, the importance and applications of synthetic aperture radar data ( MoreThe process of saving snow in mountainous areas of water resources is important. According to studies conducted by about 60 percent surface water and 57% groundwater flow in snowy areas. In recent years, the importance and applications of synthetic aperture radar data (SAR), according to a major advantage compared to other remote sensing systems are growing. In this study, using manufacturing satellites and MODIS algorithm Snow map snow cover and then with twelve radar image sensor TerraSAR-X and DInSAR in such a way that initially an image as the base image the rest of the images of the first image interferometry was performed between areas where snow cover the amount of displacement rather than results indicative of changes in depth of snow and then map snow depth maps of snow between October 2012 to May 2013. Mining was the next step, using Linear regression between the snow depth map of the DInSAR technique produced snow water equivalent depth data from ground stations were harvested SWE depth map of the results suggest overall accuracy of 91.3% and kappa coefficient consuming 84.45 Snow level map and map the depth of the snow by a factor of extension of 85% and RMSe of 2.78 to calculate the depth of snow water equivalent using the correlation between the data of snow depth derived from DInSAR and the ground water depth of snow a linear correlation coefficient of generalization 0.77 and RMSe of 2.97 was the result that was statistically at 99%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Spatio-temporal Variations of Snow-covered Days in the Northwest of Iran using Remote Sensing Data
Abbas Kashani Bromand Salahi Amirhossein Halabian Batool ZeinaliIn this research, the spatiotemporal variations of snow-covered days (SCDs) in this region were analyzed using the data of the sixth version of MODIS Terra and MODIS Aqua sensors on a daily basis in the period of 2003-2020. In order to reduce the cloud cover effect, thr MoreIn this research, the spatiotemporal variations of snow-covered days (SCDs) in this region were analyzed using the data of the sixth version of MODIS Terra and MODIS Aqua sensors on a daily basis in the period of 2003-2020. In order to reduce the cloud cover effect, three algorithms were applied to the data. For the digital elevation model, the Digital Surface Model (DSM) of the Japan Space Exploration Agency was used. The relation between two snow-cover phenological components (SCAs and SCDs) and the relation between the SCDs and the altitude were investigated. The findings show an increase in SCDs in the months of November, December, and January. Maximum SCDs are observed in January in Sabalan Mountain and then Sahand. The reduction of SCDs in the spring and summer months is also affected by the two factors of latitude and altitude. The absolute maximum of SCDs in this region is observed at 160 days/ year in the mountain of Sabalan. Examining the changes in SCDs in March and April shows a decrease in SCDs in high-altitude classes. At the same time, it shows the increasing pattern of SCDs in November and December at many altitude levels. Analysis of the relation between SCA and SCDs in different months illustrated that SCAs has decreased in regions with more SCDs (heights) due to the reduction of topographic areas. The relation of SCDs and altitude also showed that the minimum of SCDs occurred in all altitude levels (even altitudes above 3500 m with 4 days) in August and the maximum occurred in December with 22 days at the altitude of 3500 m. SCDs decrease with increasing altitude in mountainous areas of 3500 to 4000 m, due to the increase of land slope and instability of SC in steep areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Positive solution for boundary value problem of fractional di erential equation
Haidong QuIn this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(BVP) of fractional di erential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. The Kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. In addition,we give an detailed example to demons MoreIn this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(BVP) of fractional di erential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. The Kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. In addition,we give an detailed example to demonstrate the main result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Positive Solution for Boundary Value Problem of Fractional Di erential Equation
H. QuIn this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(BVP) of fractional di erential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. The Kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. In addition,we give an detailed example to demons MoreIn this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(BVP) of fractional di erential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. The Kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. In addition,we give an detailed example to demonstrate the main result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Explaining Pattern the Effectiveness of Autism-Stabilized Methods (Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Dohsa, Snoezelen) based on Behavioral Flexibility in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Negah Soltani Taleghani Abdolhassan Farhangi Seyed Ali Hosseini AlmadaniPurpose: The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness model of established methods in autism (applied behavior analysis of ABA, Snozlen, Dosa) based on behavioral flexibility in children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran in 2018. Methodology: The researc MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness model of established methods in autism (applied behavior analysis of ABA, Snozlen, Dosa) based on behavioral flexibility in children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran in 2018. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran in public and private educational and rehabilitation centers. By available sampling method, 48 people were selected and randomly divided into 4 intervention groups by functional behavior analysis method, Snozlen, Dosa and the control groups were divided. Data were collected based on the Gilliam (Garz) (1995) Autism Diagnosis Scale, a modified review checklist, and the Wechsler IQ test. Spss was used. Findings: The results showed that all three methods of functional behavior analysis ABA, Snozlen and Dosa had a significant effect on increasing behavioral flexibility compared to the control group. Also, ABA applied behavior analysis method had a greater effect on improving behavioral flexibility in three measurement stages than the other two experimental groups. Conclusion: As a result, the use of interventions (ABA functional behavior analysis, Snozlen, Dosa) and educational programs is suggested as a way to improve and rehabilitate children with autism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Simulation of snowmelt runoff by (SRM) hydrological model Using MODIS Satellite Imagery
Ehsan FouladvandPrediction and estimation of runoff from snowfall and a quantitative understanding of its various production processes is considered as one of the important topics in hydrology. Therefore, the quantitative and qualitative achievement of it with a systemic approach in th MorePrediction and estimation of runoff from snowfall and a quantitative understanding of its various production processes is considered as one of the important topics in hydrology. Therefore, the quantitative and qualitative achievement of it with a systemic approach in this regard is of importance since it forms the basis of studies of construction projects in various fields of development and exploitation in water resources and hydraulic structures and other environmental areas in the watersheds. Regarding the fact that snow cover represents the amount of stored water, so spatial-temporal (spatiotemporal) monitoring of snowmelt runoff is of great importance in hydrological forecasting in this region.The determination of the amount of snowmelt runoff is a function of regional characteristics and the availability of regional data. Therefore, in order to achieve this, ground operation and the creation of a denser network of snow survey stations are needed, which is almost impossible and is not economical. Therefore, in this study, in order to simulate runoff and estimate the share of snowmelt runoff in Marboreh River, simultaneously, optical satellite data and hydrological modelling of runoff are used as advantages. So that, snow product of the 8-day MODIS at 500-meter resolution was used to calculate the snow cover. Finally, the results obtained from runoff simulation by the coefficient of determination and subtracting volume, which were obtained at 0.93 and 3.48 respectively, indicate the high accuracy of the simulation for the area under study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Examining the certainty of remote sensing data in models for estimating water resources derived from snowmelt runoff
Eslam Galehban Mehrneg Dosti Rezaei Farhad NasiriShahrchay Dam is one of the main sources for providing drinking water and irrigation to the city of Urmia. The snow reserves in this basin serve as a strategic water supply for the agricultural sector and are utilized as runoff in the lower part of the basin as temperat MoreShahrchay Dam is one of the main sources for providing drinking water and irrigation to the city of Urmia. The snow reserves in this basin serve as a strategic water supply for the agricultural sector and are utilized as runoff in the lower part of the basin as temperatures rise. Therefore, having information about snow reserves and the runoff derived from them throughout the year is of special importance in water resources management of the basin. There are various methods available for estimating runoff derived from snowmelt, typically using a combination of meteorological data and remote sensing. In this study, the snow cover data from the MODIS, the ERA-LAND reanalysis dataset, and the GPM precipitation database, all of which are products of remote sensing, were used as inputs for the snowmelt runoff model (SRM). The daily runoff resulting from snowmelt in the Shahrchay Dam Basin was estimated using satellite images and products in the water year of (September 2019 to August 2020). And The model outputs were validated based on the daily river discharge data measured by the Barde Sour station. The results indicate that the Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) performed well in the studied basin, with a coefficient of determination (R2) exceeding 0.8 and a (DV) -2.21. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Antibacterial activities of the ultrasound assisted extracts of Laurus nobilis, Peganum harmala and rosemary
M. Ghorbanpour H. JahediThe present study was aimed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the Laurus nobilis,Peganumharmala and rosemary extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Thus, the ultrasonic extracts were performed using the aqueous, ethanol, hydro-alcoholi MoreThe present study was aimed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the Laurus nobilis,Peganumharmala and rosemary extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Thus, the ultrasonic extracts were performed using the aqueous, ethanol, hydro-alcoholic or chloroform phases. The microdilution technique was used to evaluate the antibacterial activities which was finally reported as the MIC and MBC values. All the extracts showed the antibacterial activities against the bacteria at the concentration of 6.25%. However, the metalonic extract exert a maximum antibacterial activity. The extract of three plants revealed the same antibacterial activity against E. coli, but the ethanoloic extract from P. harmala showed a maximum antibacterial activity against S. aureus at the concentration of 6.25%. Results of the current study showed the similar antibacterial activities of the extracts against E. coli; meanwhile, the maximum antibacterial effect on S. aureus was observed by applying alcohol or water as a solvent. In general, this paper proposed that ultrasound assisted extraction was quick and cost effective approach to extract the plants. In addition, ethanolic solvent was found as the best selection among the aqueous, hydro-alcoholic or chloroform solvents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Modeling ice and snow accretion for designing power lines (case study: Baladeh Nur)
Golamali Ahmadi Golamreza Janbaz Ghobadi Sadrodin Motavali Shahriar KhalediWith the development of urban and rural areas, specifically in the foothills and mountainous areas of West Mazandaran province, electricity supply has become a necessity today. On the other hand, due to the massive climate changes in recent decades, which in turn has ca MoreWith the development of urban and rural areas, specifically in the foothills and mountainous areas of West Mazandaran province, electricity supply has become a necessity today. On the other hand, due to the massive climate changes in recent decades, which in turn has caused sudden snow and freezing in this region, the map of snow and ice loads that has been developed previously by the Ministry of Energy is not applicable anymore, or has not been reviewed for many newly developed urban and rural areas. Therefore, in this research, we try to calculate snow and ice loads by using the latest data, meteorological statistics and statistical methods for the design of electricity transmission lines. For this purpose, by using meteorological data (from 2005 to2018) for Baladeh area and using simulation method provided by laboratory and engineering institute of cold regions (CCREL), the program is applied to calculate the amount of ice thickness in Excel environment. They were written at two heights of 10 and 35 meter (average height of the cables) and then the histograms were plotted using the Smada software. In this research, the statistical parameter of ice load has been investigated in the multi-year return periods for the mountainous area of Baladeh as one of the most important loadings on the transmission tower. Finally, nominal values with different return periods are proposed. The results showed that for the design of power transmission lines with a return period of less than 50 years, the region of Baladeh is a heavy region, and with the return period of more than 50 years, it is a super-heavy region (in accordance with the code).In this research, the statistical parameter of ice load has been investigated in the multi-year return periods for the mountainous area of Baladeh as one of the most important loadings on the transmission tower. Finally, nominal values with different return periods are proposed. The results showed that for the design of power transmission lines with a return period of less than 50 years, the region of Baladeh is a heavy region, and with the return period of more than 50 years, it is a super-heavy region (in accordance with the code). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Investigation of changes in snow cover and determination of snowmelt line in mountainous areas using MODIS images and NDSI index (Case study of Zagros glaciers)
mohammadebrahim afificonsidering that one of the most important problems in the detection of snow phenomena using optical satellites, cloud segregation and snow, we used to identify and eliminate cloud surfaces using cloud behavior in different wavelengths by defining the normalized differe Moreconsidering that one of the most important problems in the detection of snow phenomena using optical satellites, cloud segregation and snow, we used to identify and eliminate cloud surfaces using cloud behavior in different wavelengths by defining the normalized difference index in the modis data. then, the snow maps of zagros province of and were collected using images of modis daily in 1392 - 1393 for a five - day period, using our results to estimate snow melting in this period, and at the end to better represent the melting dynamics of snow melting the snow melting map with digital elevation model (SRTM). For this purpose, it is 100 m due to the resolution of the SRTM image. we decided to convert the modis image resolution power into 100 meters using the resampling method and then we integrated the data layers together with the combination of images and the height classification on the data layers, which, in addition to the dynamic representation of snow - melting snow, shows the height distribution of snow melting across Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Effects of Quaternary glaciers on the Binalood Heights and their impact on the development of Neyshabur plain civilization
Abolghasem Amir Ahmadi Leila Goli Mokhtari Mahnaz Naemi tabarIn this study, morphological indices, climatic and climatic evidence were used to identify icebergs. The permanent snow line was determined by Wright method and showed that at present the average annual temperature is 0 degrees Celsius at 2543 m and there are 65 circuse MoreIn this study, morphological indices, climatic and climatic evidence were used to identify icebergs. The permanent snow line was determined by Wright method and showed that at present the average annual temperature is 0 degrees Celsius at 2543 m and there are 65 circuses in the area confirming that circuses are one of the sources of nutrition. They have been very rich in forming ice sheets in the region. Climatic evidence shows that not only was the Quaternary temperature about 13 degrees colder in the study area, but its precipitation was almost twice as high as the present. The city of Neysahabur is a plain surrounded by highlands on the one hand, and the presence of glaciers in the highlands of the region has not been affected by the recent expansion of Neyshabur banization in the region. Geomorphic effects such as permanent snowstorms, Thiel, Moren, glacier tours and circuses indicate that development and civilization in the study area were affected by glacier factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Examining Snow Cover Changes in Relation to Drought Using Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS (Case Study of the West and East Azerbaijan Provinces)
Fahimeh Hooshmand mohammadebrahim afifiIn this research, to determine the changes in the level of snow cover in relation to drought, satellite data has been used in order to determine the snow cover and meteorological station data has been applied to estimate the drought. In this regard, at the first stage, MoreIn this research, to determine the changes in the level of snow cover in relation to drought, satellite data has been used in order to determine the snow cover and meteorological station data has been applied to estimate the drought. In this regard, at the first stage, satellite data was collected from NASA's Web site from 1385 to 1395, and after geometric and atmospheric corrections based on the NDSI index and using of bands 4 and 6, was applied to determine the level of snow cover and drought rate has been estimated based on SPI index. Studies of snow cover reveal that the level of snow cover has been reduced and this is proportional to the drought rate, and the prevailing trend in the level of snow cover and SPI is a downward trend. However, in spite of the prolonged and increased SPI index, the level of snow cover has been reduced or vice versa. The reason for this can be investigated through the type of precipitation during these years and it is possible that most type of the precipitation, during the years in which snow cover has been less, has been rainy type and in the drought years with increased snow cover, type of downfall has been more snowy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Characterization of nanostructured SnO2 thin film coated by Ag nanoparticles
Monireh Ganjali Mansoureh Ganjali Amir Hassanjani-Roshan Seyed Mohammad Kazemzadeh -
Open Access Article
28 - Climatic Monitoring of Snow Days in Zahedan
sayyed mohammad hosseini abdolreza kashkiIn this regard, the present study investigated the climatic of the Zahedan snow days since 1976 over a period of 40 years. To achieve this goal, two databases were used. First databases; the present weather codes are related to the snow phenomenon, which was collected d MoreIn this regard, the present study investigated the climatic of the Zahedan snow days since 1976 over a period of 40 years. To achieve this goal, two databases were used. First databases; the present weather codes are related to the snow phenomenon, which was collected daily from the Meteorological Organization. The second database, relates to the daily data of sea level pressure and geopotential height in the troposphere from National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). With Environmental to Circulation Technic and cluster analysis, weather patterns causing snow days, identified. The results of the analysis showed that, snowfall in Zahedan is concentrated in autumn and winter seasons (December, January, February and March). At sea level pressure, integration patterns of Siberian-Caspian high-pressure migrants with 32.5% and Siberian-Caucasian highs with 20%, play the most roles in snowfall event. Also in the middle troposphere, Turkmenistan's ridge and Blocks (cut-off high) account for 42.5% and the European omega block pattern accounts for 25% of the snowfall frequency. It seems that the simultaneous activity of atmospheric disturbances in the immigrant high pressure systems of the Siberian, European, Caucasian, Russian and Caspian, deep ridge polar latitudes and its extension to the lower latitudes, It will exacerbate showers and temperatures, cold weather and snowfall. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Spatiotemporal Changes in Snow-Cover related to the Land Surface Temperature over Central Alborz
امیرحسین حلبیان امیرحسین حلبیان سینا صلحی سینا صلحیThe area, covered by snow or snow-cover variations, is one of the important factor in climatologic and hydrologic studies, that could be also useful and applicable in water management and environmental studies, specifically when it is combined with topographic character MoreThe area, covered by snow or snow-cover variations, is one of the important factor in climatologic and hydrologic studies, that could be also useful and applicable in water management and environmental studies, specifically when it is combined with topographic characteristics. In this research Land Surface Temperature (LST) and snow-cover interactions were considered. These environmental indicators interactions, combined with focal topographic characteristics such as slope, play a major role in snow-cover persistency. As a result, the influences of these factors had taken into account in central Alborz mountainous belt in Iran northern boundary. To achieve this goal, snow-cover (SC) and land surface temperature (LST) obtained from Aqua and Terra satellite images that are carrying Modis sensor, used in a the temporal range of 2003 up to 2018. Snow cover data with spatial resolusion of 500m analyzied using python programming language. The analysis performed related to the aspect as a major topographic characteristic in the scope of terrain modeling with using moving window and cell by cell raster analysis thechniques. The result, shows a strong relationship between terrain aspect and snow coverage in the central sector of Alborz Mountains. Land surface temperature and snow-cover had an inverse trend, specifically during winter and fall seasons. June LST (Khordad) was high according to the higher zenith angle of the sun in this period of year. There is a clear gap between the LST values of northern and southern aspects of central Alborz that could be result of mountain orientations to the sun rays, higher humidity levels and denser vegetation cover in the northern part. Southward areas, show higher temperature in almost all months. Directional analysis of LST, demonstrated, that maximum levels of LST are observed in the south-faced and specifically southeastward area and the minimum levels observed in northeastward and specifically northward area during all months. Southward area of the alborz mountainous wall, located at the latitude band of 36N, experienced a higher sun ray incident angle and thus having higher LSTs in southern and southeastern parts. Finally in almost all temporal periods (including month, season and year) higher LSTs in southern aspects (South, Southeast and southwest) in compared to northern one (North, Northeast and northwest) has been observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Monitoring of Ashtrankoh glaciers in the catchment area of Gohar Lake in Lorestan and investigating its relationship with vegetation reduction using MODIS images and NDSI index between 1380 and 1395
mohammad ebrahim afifi vahid sohrabiIn this study، MODIS satellite images related to the years 2001 to 2015 have been used to prepare a map of the surface under snow cover in Lorestan Province، Ashrankuh Region. The main purpose of the research was to investigate the relationship between natural glaciers MoreIn this study، MODIS satellite images related to the years 2001 to 2015 have been used to prepare a map of the surface under snow cover in Lorestan Province، Ashrankuh Region. The main purpose of the research was to investigate the relationship between natural glaciers and vegetation. In this study، it was the NDSI index، which is actually the normalized difference of two spectral bands (visible band and near-infrared band or short-wavelength infrared band)، which is used to extract snow-covered surfaces. k-means algorithm was used for clustering. The results obtained from the changes in the glacial zones have shown a decreasing trend. So that the area covered by glaciers in 2001 was estimated to be around 7500 square meters and in 2015 this amount was estimated to be approximately 5000 square meters. Fluctuation in the changes of each year compared to the next year is very low due to the wideness of the Modis image cell، but in the long term، the decreasing trend of glacier levels is quite clear. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Ionic liquid-assisted synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic properties of SnO microflowers with nanosheet subunits
Masoomeh Siminghad Ashraf Sadat Shahvelayati Shabnam Sheshmani Roya Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
32 - Photocatalytic degradation of phenylephrine hydrochloride in aqueous solutions by synthesized SnO2-doped ZnO nanophotocatalyst
Masoud Giahi Akram Hoseinpour Dargahi -
Open Access Article
33 - Regularities of solid-phase interaction of tin and molybdenum oxides: Catalytic properties
Kien Cuong Dao Alexander Aleksandrovich Il’in Ruslan Nikolaevich Rumyantsev Ulyana Sergeevna Uzhevskaya Alexander Papvlovich Il’in Taisiya Andreevna Rumyantseva -
Open Access Article
34 - Preparation and characterization of SnO2-BiVO4-CuO catalyst and kinetics of phenazopyridine photodegradation
Ailin Yousefi Alireza Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh -
Open Access Article
35 - Determination of Hydrogeological Properties Karst Aquifers, Case Study of Tang Sard Spring, Northeast of Khuzestan Province
Sajad Pourakbari Nasrallah kalantari Arash MoslehThe Tang Sard karstic spring with an average annual discharge of more than 1.2 m3/s is considered as one of the Khuzestan drainage karstic springs. The most flood variations in the springs are related to the rainfall time, so that from about 0.5 m3/s in response to the MoreThe Tang Sard karstic spring with an average annual discharge of more than 1.2 m3/s is considered as one of the Khuzestan drainage karstic springs. The most flood variations in the springs are related to the rainfall time, so that from about 0.5 m3/s in response to the precipitation in November of 1395 reaches a significant increase of about 1.5 m3/s in February 1395 . The position of the emergence of a tight fountain in a broken waist of the Kenno anticline and in the direction of the crushed zone resulting from the operation of the filament faults. In order to investigate the hydrogeological characteristics of the karstic aquifer feeding the aforementioned fountains, the drainage hydrograph has been used. Analysis of the hydrograph of the Tang Sard Spring discharge in the Blue Years 95-96 indicates that a snowfall-karstic basin with a snow-rainy diet throughout the year affects the supply of springs and other hydrodynamic properties of the reservoir, somehow The effects of snow-induced feeding in the dry period are remarkable. The percentage of groundwater and fast spring springs in the year 96-95 is 64.58 and 35.42, respectively, and the total volume of dynamic storage in the year of discharge is about 38.38 × 106 m3/s (equivalent to 1.2 m3/s) Estimated. The flow regime in the karstic aquifer of springs tang sard is a conduit- diffuse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Simulation of snowmelt runoff in Armand basin using SRM model and satellite images
Matin Sheini Jabari hossein ghorbanizadeh kharaziSnow in mountainous areas is one of the main components of the hydrological cycle, however, there are many changes in its temporal and spatial distribution. In this study, the SRM model and remote sensing data were used in order to monitor the time and space of the snow MoreSnow in mountainous areas is one of the main components of the hydrological cycle, however, there are many changes in its temporal and spatial distribution. In this study, the SRM model and remote sensing data were used in order to monitor the time and space of the snow cover level and simulate the runoff caused by snowmelt in Armand Basin. The hydrological data of the basin and the raster data of the MODIS sensor were collected and used for a period of 2 years (water years 2005-06 to 2006-07). After processing MODIS sensor images in ENVI software, the snow cover level was determined. The simulation with the SRM model showed successful and acceptable results. So that the results of the evaluation of the model using two indicators, the Coefficient of determination and the volume difference, showed the high accuracy of the model in estimating the runoff resulting from snowmelt in the Armand Basin. The R2 obtained for Armand Basin is about 0.90. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The Case Study of Synoptic Systems that Caused Heavy Snow in Tehran City in February,2003
H. Ardakani S.P. Aghaei Eramsadati F. ArkianHeavy snowfall and its aftermath is an example of atmospheric phenomenon which can cause serious harm to many parts of the natural and human environment. In order to identify the effective synoptic characteristics and patterns at the events of heavy snow in Tehran in th MoreHeavy snowfall and its aftermath is an example of atmospheric phenomenon which can cause serious harm to many parts of the natural and human environment. In order to identify the effective synoptic characteristics and patterns at the events of heavy snow in Tehran in the present study, the snowfall data are collected from the Mehrabad airport weather station archives over the years 2000-2009. From the total number of 150 snowy days that had been recorded, synoptic maps have been created for 19 February, 2003, using data from the GFS, with an accuracy level of 1.0o×1.0o, by GrADS software. Temperature advection maps have also been created using CFSR data. Studying the synoptic maps at different atmospheric levels revealed that during the period of heavy snowfall in February, 2003, the formation of low-pressure over the Mediterranean Sea and on the other hand the formation of high-pressure and its ridge over Caspian Sea are visible and the transition of the two systems causes intensive pressure gradient over the area under the study. Simultaneously at the level above, a low and trough forms that the transition of this trough to the aforementioned area leads to the creation of snowfall. Analyzing the amounts of absolute vorticity and the vertical motion reveals advection of absolute vorticity and the negativity of the vertical motion () which imply the instability and ascending air mass that will eventually result in the occurrence of heavy snowfall. Studying the amounts of temperature advection at 200 hPa also represents warm advection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The role of digital innovation in financial markets from the perspective of knowledge and presentation of the proposed model
Mohaddaseh Soleymanian Bahareh Banitalebi DehkordiPurpose: Economists have attributed a major part of the slow economic growth process in the financial markets of developing countries to the underdevelopment and inefficiency of information technology and digital innovations used in this field, and systematic reforms of MorePurpose: Economists have attributed a major part of the slow economic growth process in the financial markets of developing countries to the underdevelopment and inefficiency of information technology and digital innovations used in this field, and systematic reforms of this sector are necessary to achieve extensive economic growth. They recommend more. However, there are challenges in how to innovate to digitize financial markets. Besides, so far, no research in Iran has specifically explained the role of digital innovations in financial markets. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explain digital innovations in financial markets and provide a structural model regarding the factors affecting the impact of digital innovations in the financial market of individuals from the perspective of experts through a phenomenological approach.Methodology: This research is based on qualitative research, which investigated the views of 12 Iranian financial experts with the help of the phenomenological approach and using the snowball technique.Findings: The results of the research showed that the proposed model of the impact of digital innovation in the financial market includes 4 main themes of managing the complexity of shareholders, building a proposed smart service, developing a technical solution and guaranteeing economic life, as well as 19 categories and 41 factors for digital innovations in the financial markets. They are influential.Originality / Value: Therefore, the key to the development, growth and survival of today's financial markets is digital innovation, which plays an essential role in the transformation of financial markets and the economy of countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Applying of highly Ultraviolet reflective materials on cotton- nylon 66 fabric for camouflage of military targets in snowy areas
عباس بشارتی سیدانی فرید اخوان صدرIn this study, an appropriate coating was prepared by increasing ultraviolet reflectance of cotton-nylon 66 fabric for camouflage of military targets in the snowy areas. For this purpose, first several highly UV reflective compounds such as BaSO4, SiO2 and Polytetrafluo MoreIn this study, an appropriate coating was prepared by increasing ultraviolet reflectance of cotton-nylon 66 fabric for camouflage of military targets in the snowy areas. For this purpose, first several highly UV reflective compounds such as BaSO4, SiO2 and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were applied on the fabric by using citric acid and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) and then grafted by heat treatment. The effects of the effective parameters including type and amount of compounds, amount of citric acid and SHP and temperature of heat treatment were investigated. Reflectance behavior and surface morphology of the fabric were studied by UV-Vis reflectance spectroscope and SEM, respectively. Results indicated that UV and visible reflectance increases up to 85% with applying of BaSO4 particles on the fabric. Thus a suitable fabric coating has been achieved for camouflage in the snowy areas. Excellent rubbing and washing durability of grafted BaSO4 particles on the fabric demonstrated that these particles have been attached on the fibers of the fabric with chemical bands, especially on the cotton fibers. Moreover, the used method in this study does not have any significant effect on the cotton and nylon 66 fibers structure. Parameters such as citric acid and SHP concentration and heat treatment temperature have an optimum amount and thus, using them more than this amount leads to decreasing UV and visible reflectance of applied fabric. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Investigating the sensing properties of SnO2-PdPt nanohybrid toward methane gas and effect of adding reduced graphene oxide on improving its sensing performance
Shiva Navazani Ali Shokuhfar Mostafa HassanisadiIn this paper, the sensing properties of SnO2-PdPt nanohybrid to methane gas and effect of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on improving its sensing performance was investigated. For this reason, first SnO2 was synthesized by hydrothermal method and then hybridized by Pd, P MoreIn this paper, the sensing properties of SnO2-PdPt nanohybrid to methane gas and effect of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on improving its sensing performance was investigated. For this reason, first SnO2 was synthesized by hydrothermal method and then hybridized by Pd, Pt and PdPt catalysts. For investigating the effect of rGO, by the in-situ hydrothermal method, SnO2-rGO was synthesized instead of SnO2. Results showed that the nanohybrid sensor with bimetallic alloy catalyst, had higher response t lower temperature compared with monometallic catalysts and on the other hand, adding rGO, reduced the optimum sensing temperature of SnO2-PdPt and enhanced its response to methane. The SnO2-PdPt nanosensor showed 52.22% response to 1000ppm CH4 at 200oC. The sensing response and recovery times for this hybrid were 94s and 3.5min respectively, whilst the SnO2-rGO-PdPt showed 69.5% response at 150oC to the same concentration of methane. The response and recovery times for this hybrid were 50s and 4.5min respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Manifestations of Lyric Literature in Shahriar's Poetry
Leila Zare' Salmasi Nasser Nasseri Tazeh Shahri Jalil Amir pour DarianiAbstract Shahriar's extensive imagination has created numerous thematical backgrounds in his poetry which have been reflected in his works in different ways. The vicissitudes of poet's life has broaden the view of his horizon an MoreAbstract Shahriar's extensive imagination has created numerous thematical backgrounds in his poetry which have been reflected in his works in different ways. The vicissitudes of poet's life has broaden the view of his horizon and the extensiveness of his contemplation has extended excitements with enjoyable thoughts in different themes in his poetry and has established a rose garden of lyric literature in his works. His book of poetry, one of the most extensive Diwans in which ethical, national, didactic, religious, mystical love and social problems have been manifested in the agreeable words; and the frequency of lyric literature is more noteworthy than the other genre of literature. We have dealt with, in this essay, the lyricism of Shahriar poetry and the frequency of his lyric verses – variables such as love, mysticism, revealing the sorrow, nostalgia, elegy, satire and boasting together with bringing documents. The results of the research indicate that Shahriar's mystical and abstract variable love, complaints and religious and social eulogy has specialized the most frequency to itself . The research method was based on descriptive-analytical one. Manuscript profile
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