List of Articles Shānāmeh

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  1 - The Genealogical Values of Vegetative Reason and the Growth of "Kin Plant" in Shānāmeh Based on Archetypal Criticism; The Case Study: The Myth of Siavash and Kei-Khosrow
  pegah mahmoudi Nedā Mounzavi
  10.30495/mmlq.2023.707026
  The approach of archetypal criticism, which has its foundation in anthropology, is interdisciplinary in nature. This method is particularly prominent in the study of epic works, such as Ferdowsi's Shānāmeh, due to the deep-rooted archetypes and mythological foundations More

  The approach of archetypal criticism, which has its foundation in anthropology, is interdisciplinary in nature. This method is particularly prominent in the study of epic works, such as Ferdowsi's Shānāmeh, due to the deep-rooted archetypes and mythological foundations present in these texts. The collective unconscious plays a dominant role in great mythological and mystical works, as evidenced by the presence of motifs such as the repetition of cosmic processes, rituals, gods, and supernatural elements. As a result, these texts, and particularly Shānāmeh, are highly suitable for the analysis of archetypal elements. The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the archetypal connection between plants and humans in myths, specifically focusing on the stories of Siavash and Kei-Khosrow. This research employs a descriptive-analytical method and utilizes Jung's critique of archetypes to analyze the archetypal and genealogical aspects of the vegetative reason. The findings of this research indicate that the "Kin plant" (coral plant or Erythrina corallodendron) that grows from Siavash's blood is a symbol of the archetype of human reason and plant descent of man, which is manifested in the existence of Kei-Khosrow. Manuscript profile
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  2 - The Functions of Farr in Mohammadreza Yousefi's Adaptations of Shānāmeh; A Bio-Oriented Approach
  zahra parsapoor fateme mohamadzade
  10.30495/mmlq.2023.706070
  The concept of Farr, as one of the mythological ideas, refers to the relationship between humans and nature. Those who believed in myths believed that Farr, or the divine power, exists in all beings, both human and animal, and causes them to perfect their functions. In More

  The concept of Farr, as one of the mythological ideas, refers to the relationship between humans and nature. Those who believed in myths believed that Farr, or the divine power, exists in all beings, both human and animal, and causes them to perfect their functions. In Shānāmeh, this power is sometimes associated with animal symbols, highlighting the synchronization of humans and nature in establishing order and preserving nature from the power of anti-nature during mythological times. The present article, using a descriptive-analytical method, focuses on the function of Farr in Mohammadrezā Yousefi's adaptations of Shānāmeh, written for children and teenagers. In his works, Farr, in the form of animals such as a bird (Spida) and a lamb (Farhan), creates order and saves both humans and nature from the elements of antinature, such as Divan (demons), drought, and severe cold. The research shows that Yousefi has presented Farr's animal symbols in a mythological way for his audience with a bio-oriented approach. In these works, Farr is a part of nature that fights against evil, restores order, and helps in the survival of both humans and non-humans. In later historical periods, the role of Farr changes, and it is placed at the service of political and social order.  Manuscript profile
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  3 - Confrontation of Iranian-Greek Knowledge Systems in the Narratives of Medea and Sohrab
  Amir Reza Noori Parto Attaollah Kupal Shamsolmolok Mostafavi
  10.30495/mmlq.2023.707025
  The current article aims to elucidate the similarities and differences between two worldviews presented in two works, Euripides' play Medea and Ferdowsi's epic Shānāmeh, by analyzing their discourse of power. This research employs an analytical-comparative method, and t More

  The current article aims to elucidate the similarities and differences between two worldviews presented in two works, Euripides' play Medea and Ferdowsi's epic Shānāmeh, by analyzing their discourse of power. This research employs an analytical-comparative method, and the necessary information was gathered through a library study and discourse analysis. The study's objective is to identify the distinguishing points of these two epistemes concerning the concept of power. The results of this comparative study can serve as examples of common epistemology in the cultural spaces of classical Greece and Iran and the dominant discourse in these two cultures. The theoretical basis for this discussion is derived from Michel Foucault's ideas and his concept of power discourse. The study reveals that while both works share similar components in their episteme, such as destiny, death, love, originality, and wisdom, their fundamental distinction lies in their approach to accepting or opposing the discourse of God's (or the gods) supreme power. In the story of Sohrab, Ferdowsi considers God's destiny as the cause of the story's ending, while Euripides portrays Medea as standing against the institutionalized tradition and even being willing to behead her children, take the gods with herself, and ride gloriously on the chariot of the gods while opposing the dominant discourse of power. Manuscript profile
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  4 - The Structure of the Story of “Kay Kāvus flying to Heaven”
  Masoomeh Baqerī Sahar Rstegārī Nejad
  In Avestan, Kay Kāvus or Kauui Usan is introduced as great and the most glorious king of Kayanian dynasty. He has divine royal glory (khvarenah or farre izadi) which gives him special features. One of these features is “flying to heaven” and companionship wi More

  In Avestan, Kay Kāvus or Kauui Usan is introduced as great and the most glorious king of Kayanian dynasty. He has divine royal glory (khvarenah or farre izadi) which gives him special features. One of these features is “flying to heaven” and companionship with Ahura Mazda. But in the passage of time, the myth of Kay Kāvus has changed. He has fallen from his high state and has turned into an idiot king that kills his son, Seyāvash; His flying to heaven is interpreted as invading the divine territory and wishing to conquer heavens. The present article, after presenting the myth of Kay Kāvus, tries to consider the reasons of his “flight to heaven” and change in the myth. Then, the original structure of the story will be revealed by displacing some of couplets of the story in Shānāmeh. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Mythical Origin of Name in Epic literature
  mahmoud rezaei dasht arzhaneh
  Hiding the name or revealing it is one the prominent themes in epic literature. The aim of present research is studying the concept of "name" and revealing or hiding it in Shānāmeh, heroic poems and tūmārhā-ye naqqālī (notebooks of storytelling). By using library a More

  Hiding the name or revealing it is one the prominent themes in epic literature. The aim of present research is studying the concept of "name" and revealing or hiding it in Shānāmeh, heroic poems and tūmārhā-ye naqqālī (notebooks of storytelling). By using library and content analysis methods, these works have been examined. The results show that in confronting enemy the heroes choose one of these three methods: in 25 cases, the heroes reveal frankly their own name.  In 5 cases, they confront their enemies with a forged name, and only in one case they refer to their epithet and honorific title. Apparently, these methods are in contradictory but not so if examined carefully. All three methods have a mythic and ritual origin revealing the role of name in the beliefs of ancient Iranians. In the past, some people believed that name is an important part of man's being and if his name is revealed to his enemies, he will be spellbound and defeated. So, in confronting the enemy, the heroes tried to hide their name or used a forged one. But, some other heroes believed that if the enemy utters their name that will enforce and excite the enemy to attack, so the heroes pre-empt and shout their own names and the enemy will be intimidated. The third aspect is that epithet is not a living part of the hero’s existence. So while refraining from revealing the name they could refer to their epithet facing the enemy. Manuscript profile
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  6 - The Style of Epic Poetry in Shāhnāmeh and Iliad: A Comparative Study
  حسینعلی قبادی سعید بزرگ بیگدلی حجت عباسی
    Plato's rejection of Poetry and Aristotle's ideas on poetry, instigated a literary discussion in which "commitment" and "performance" have been two controversial topics. Homer's Iliad is one of the first works that has been studied from this point of view. A di More

    Plato's rejection of Poetry and Aristotle's ideas on poetry, instigated a literary discussion in which "commitment" and "performance" have been two controversial topics. Homer's Iliad is one of the first works that has been studied from this point of view. A discussion of commitment and performance requires a consideration of two elements, namely, the writer's intentions and conditions of the era. The present article tries to make comparisons of Ilad and Shānāmeh.     Manuscript profile
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  7 - Deities of Judging in Avestā and Shānāmeh: A Comparative Study
  gheddise razvaniyan mohammad zareei
  In Iranian mythology, Mitra as deity of covenant and judging, has a stable connection with Sun and receives its help to perform its functions. Two deities, Souroush and Rashan accompany him in judging. All of these deities, in addition to judging, have another functions More

  In Iranian mythology, Mitra as deity of covenant and judging, has a stable connection with Sun and receives its help to perform its functions. Two deities, Souroush and Rashan accompany him in judging. All of these deities, in addition to judging, have another functions like giving blessing, accompanying the soul of the dead, supporting honesty and fighting with demons. In the present article, we try to show the features of deities of judging by using content analysis method. Then we consider the connection of these features with the deity of judging in Shānāmeh. In addition to studying the poems which refer to the judging of Mitra and the sun, furthermore, instances that the term of judging indicate the presence of deities of judging are considered. Manuscript profile
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  8 - The Functions of Prophecy in the Great Epics of the World (Iliad, Odyssey and Shānāmeh): A Comparative Study
  sekine gholam por dehaki ali mohammad posht dar
  Common aspects in texts belonging to the cognate tribes may be realized. We can find some similarities and differences about prophecy between the nations, especially among the great epics of Greece and Iran namely in Iliad, Odyssey and Shānāmeh. Based on comparative ana More

  Common aspects in texts belonging to the cognate tribes may be realized. We can find some similarities and differences about prophecy between the nations, especially among the great epics of Greece and Iran namely in Iliad, Odyssey and Shānāmeh. Based on comparative analysis and with regard to the subjects of comparative literature, the aim of present article is to study the function of prophecy in these three books. The findings of the research show that there is a close relationship among Indo-European tribes manifested in their epics. Manuscript profile