Pretreatment

Open Access Article

1 - A Comparative Study on Drying and Coating of Osmotic Treated Apple Rings
P. Farzaneh H. Fatemian E. Hosseini Gh. H. Asadi F. Darvish

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Open Access Article

2 - Effect of type of pretreatment and enzyme on antioxidant capacity of hydrolyzed protein of edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)
isan izannloo َAlireza Sadeghi Mahoonak

10.30495/jftn.2023.69244.11218

Introduction: Free radicals originate from oxidation reactions decrease food quality and also promote incidence of various diseases such as cancer. Materials and Methods: In this research the effect of four enzymes, alcalase, trypsin, pepsin, and pancreatin, without pre More

Introduction: Free radicals originate from oxidation reactions decrease food quality and also promote incidence of various diseases such as cancer. Materials and Methods: In this research the effect of four enzymes, alcalase, trypsin, pepsin, and pancreatin, without pretreatment and with microwave and ultrasound pretreatment under optimal hydrolysis conditions on the antioxidant capacity of edible mushroom hydrolyzed protein was compared. The hydrolysis process to reach the maximum antioxidant activity with a ratio of enzyme to substrate of 1% and at the optimum temperature of each enzyme with and without microwave and ultrasound pretreatment and ultrasound pretreatment with 160W power, then hydrolysis with enzyme was done in 60 minutes and for samples without pretreatment, hydrolysis time was 120 minutes for each enzyme.Results: The results showed that the highest amount of total antioxidant capacity was 1.64 with hydrolysis by pepsin enzyme, the highest reducing power of iron ion was 2.80 with hydrolysis by alcalase enzyme. The highest iron ion chelation power of 65.08% was achieved with hydrolysis by trypsin enzyme and the highest DPPH free radical inhibition activity of 80.57% with hydrolysis by pepsin enzyme, all in the samples pre-treated with 160W ultrasound in the hydrolysis time of 60 minutes. Conclusions: The results showed that in order to create the desired antioxidant properties in the hydrolyzed protein obtained from edible mushrooms, a special combination of hydrolyzing enzyme and pretreatment should be used, and ultrasound pretreatment is more effective than microwave in this field. formulations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Effect of Alkali Pretreatment on the Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of Iranian Beluga Fish Gelation
سمیرا Sabagh Pour علی Motamed Zadegan میلاد Hadidi

Introduction: Gelatin is a natural biopolymer that is most widely used in food industry. Commercial gelatin due to its social, cultural and religious reasons are not acceptable by some therefore, gelatin extracted from fish processing waste might be employed as an al More

Introduction: Gelatin is a natural biopolymer that is most widely used in food industry. Commercial gelatin due to its social, cultural and religious reasons are not acceptable by some therefore, gelatin extracted from fish processing waste might be employed as an alternative source for commercial gelatin. Materials and Methods: In order to optimize the extraction of gelatin from the skin of Iranian beluga fish ( Huso huso), the effect of different concentrations of NaOH (0.01, 0.05 and 0.075 N) and Ca(OH) 2 (0.01, 0.05 and 0.075N) on the extraction yield, melting point, viscosity, gel strength, colour and the molecular weight of extracted gelatin were investigated. Results: The results indicated that the highest extraction yield was obtained when 0.05 N Ca (OH) 2 was employed. The highest and lowest melting points (30.98 and 28.0°C) were related to the treatments concerned with 0.01N NaOH and 0.05 N Ca (OH)2 respectively (p< 0.05). The viscosities were increased as the alkali concentrations were reduced, however sodium hydroxide concentration affected the viscosity more than calcium hydroxide (p<0.05). Gel strength was affected more by 0.01N sodium hydroxide. There were not significant differences between the treatments concerning colour changes. Conclusion: The results indicated that 0.01 N NaOH treatment produced gelatin with improved functionality and characteristics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Effect of Heat and Freeze-thaw Pretreatment on the Alcalase Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lentil Protein and Production of Antioxidant Peptides
P. Ghasemi M. Mirzaei S. Mirdamadi

Introduction: The biological activity of protein hydrolysis products is affected by the enzyme type, protein type and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions including temperature, time and enzyme/substrate ratio and pre-treatment process.The protein pretreatment process can ca More

Introduction: The biological activity of protein hydrolysis products is affected by the enzyme type, protein type and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions including temperature, time and enzyme/substrate ratio and pre-treatment process.The protein pretreatment process can cause improving the enzymatic hydrolysis and production of antioxidant peptides by affecting the spatial structure of the protein and increasing the enzyme access to the peptide bounds. Materials and Methods: In this study, The protein extracted from lentils was first subjected to heat pretreatment (65,75, 85°C, for 15 min) and freeze-thaw (3 freezing cycles at -20 °C and thawing at room temperature). It was then exposed to hydrolysis for 3 hr by alcalase (with an E/S of 90 AU / kg protein, 55°C). Over time, the progress of enzymatic hydrolysis and antioxidant activity were investigated by O-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) assay and DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging methods and compared with the control sample (without pretreatment). Results: Pre-treatment at 75°C causes the highest value of free amino groups .The maximum DPPH (63.57%) and ABTS (36.24%) radical scavenging activity were observed respectively, for samples pre-treated at 65°C and by freeze-thaw process. Conclusion: Heat pretreatment and freezing-thawing before enzymatic hydrolysis have a positive effect on the development of enzymatic hydrolysis and production of antioxidant peptides. Based on the results of this study, the process of heat treatment of lentil protein at 65°C or freezing-thawing and enzymatic hydrolysis by enzyme alcalase was identified as an effective method in the production of lentil protein hydrolysis for use in the formulation of functional foods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds of White and Brown Rice Extracted from Lenjan Sorkhe Cultivar
K. Pourmohammadi E. Abedi M. Khaleghan M.R. Mahmoodi

Introduction: Brown rice cultivars has higher nutritional values than the white rice cultivars due to the total phenolic compounds. Ultrasonic pretreatment is an efficient method for the extraction of phenolic compounds due to time saving, high performance efficiency an More

Introduction: Brown rice cultivars has higher nutritional values than the white rice cultivars due to the total phenolic compounds. Ultrasonic pretreatment is an efficient method for the extraction of phenolic compounds due to time saving, high performance efficiency and also less solvent consumption. Materials and Methods: Total phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents were determined and antioxidant potential was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Bioactive compounds of white and brown rice were extracted under various solvents including (water, ethanol 100%, methanol 100%, ethanol 50%, methanol 50% and ethanol 50%-methanol 50%) and two extraction methods such as Soxhlet extractor and ultrasonic bath. The comparison of the test variables were performed by Duncan's test and three-way multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the highest flavonoids content (162 mg gallic acid/ Kg sample), poly phenols (142.5 mg quercetin / kg sample) and radicals scavenging effect DPPH (%76.4) belonged to brown rice under ultrasonic method and ethanol:methanol (50:50) solvent extraction. The results exibited that all the main related factors such as methods of extraction, solvents and rice have significant effects on the amount of polyphenols, flavonoids and DPPH. Conclusion: Under the same extraction condition, total phenol and flavonoid contents of brown rice is higher than the white rice. Ultrasonic extraction could enhance the total phenol and flavonoids contents compared to the soxhlet extraction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Investigating the most appropriate treatments for ultrasonic duration, temperature and water ratio to the contents of livestock rumen in biogas production (Case study: Khorramabad city slaughterhouse)
Ali Kooshki morteza almassi Mohammad Ghahderijani Hamidreza Shamloui

10.30495/jest.2021.54005.5115

Background and Objective: Anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse solid wastes, such as rumen contents, is an appropriate treatment option for managing such residues, because of their significant role in reducing the environmental impacts as well as the potential for biog More

Background and Objective: Anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse solid wastes, such as rumen contents, is an appropriate treatment option for managing such residues, because of their significant role in reducing the environmental impacts as well as the potential for biogas production. The objective of this study was determining the appropriate temperature, time and ratio of water to livestock rumen content on the total biogas production.Material and Methodology: This study was conducted at the Khorramabad Industrial Slaughterhouse.  After slaughtering livestock the contents of the rumen of five cows and five sheep were mixed together to homogenize and in separate experiments to examine the impact of severity different temperatures (30, 40 and 50° C), different times of Ultrasonic device waving (10, 20 and 30 minutes)  and different ratios of mixing contents of rumen and water (50 ml of water to 100 g of rumen contents, 100 ml of water to 100 g of rumen contents and 200 ml of water to 100 g of rumen contents) in process of biogas production was discussed.Findings: In general, the largest amount of total biogas, related to the triple opposite effect of using 30 minutes of ultrasonic pretreatment (t3) * C50 ° (te3) * Combination ratio of visceral contents  (r3) with production amount of 350/333 ml which is considered the best results.Discussion and Conclusion: the finding indicated that the total biogas production from rumen content in the process of anaerobic digestion are more effected by the treatment under the conditions of a longer ultrasonic pretreatment, higher temperature and lower concentration.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - A review of Bioethanol production through biomass bioprocessing
Hossein Motamedi Abolghasem Hedayatkhah Mostafa Amopour Bahnamiry

In order to preserve fossil fuel reservoirs, it is necessary to find renewable resources. One option is biomass that can be converted to biofuels. One of the most important biofuels is ethanol that has been regarded as the best substituent for benzene. Bioconversion is More

In order to preserve fossil fuel reservoirs, it is necessary to find renewable resources. One option is biomass that can be converted to biofuels. One of the most important biofuels is ethanol that has been regarded as the best substituent for benzene. Bioconversion is one of the bioremediation methods in which, biomass is converted to biofuel. In this process carbohydrate content is converted to simple sugars and then fermented to ethanol. With regard to the unique structure of lignocellusic materials the pretreatment is necessary that can be done by physical and chemical methods. In saccharification, the biomass is degraded to 5 and/or 6 carbon sugars and then the fermenter microorganism is selected based on the produced sugar. In order to improve final yeild, usually this two steps will be done simulatneously. One of the most important subjects in biofuel production is development of fermentation methods to reach maximum yield one of them is biphasic fermentation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - A pilot study based on advanced oxidation processes for reducing organic pollutants and secondary municipal wastewater treatment and reuse
Mahdieh Mostafavi Jalaledin Shayegan Amir Hossein Javid

Nowadays, the water industry has particular importance, for both drinking and industrial water usages. In most parts of the world, water resources are increasingly decreasing due to development and increasing demand. So, wastewater treatment and reuse is a priority. The More

Nowadays, the water industry has particular importance, for both drinking and industrial water usages. In most parts of the world, water resources are increasingly decreasing due to development and increasing demand. So, wastewater treatment and reuse is a priority. Therefore, currently, treatment technology needs new and innovative processes, according to the quality of raw water and wastewater. The recovered water should have the parameters of purity, sanitary desirability, environmental acceptance and economic feasibility based on industrial water standards for reuse. Therefore, in the current research, a pilot plant equipped with advanced oxidation processes was designed to purify and recover secondary municipal wastewater and remove residual pollutants in the effluent from the secondary urban wastewater treatment plant. During the test period, which was considered with a combination of processes including O3/H2O2, O3/UV, UV/H2O2, O3/UV/H2O2, the efficiency of removing organic pollutants was about 90%. In addition, disinfection, odor and color removal was also provided with very high efficiency. However, since the removal of turbidity and suspended matter was the inhibitory factor for some systems such as UV, by using sand filter, carbon filter and microfiltration, the removal efficiency of contaminants increased up to 98%. The obtained results indicate that the use of technologies based on advanced oxidation for wastewater reuse applications is one of the optimal options, even for wastewater with very high organic matter and it can be a suitable option as an optimal pretreatment method for reverse osmosis method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - The effect of nutrient seed priming with iron sulfate and zinc sulfate on the germination and seedling growth of lentil seeds
Mohammad Vahdani Rashvanloi Majid Jami Al-Ahmadi Mohammad Hasan Sayyari Zahan Hadi Shourideh Moslem Mostafaee

In a laboratory study, the effect of seed nutritional pretreatment on germination and seedling growth traits of lentil (Lens culinaris Med.) in the form of two separate experiments in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications for two pretreatmen More

In a laboratory study, the effect of seed nutritional pretreatment on germination and seedling growth traits of lentil (Lens culinaris Med.) in the form of two separate experiments in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications for two pretreatment materials [prime with iron sulfate (FeSO4) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) ] were investigated. In each experiment and for each prime material, five levels of prime material concentration (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mM) were considered. The measured traits were germination percentage and speed, length of root and shoot, wet and dry weight of seedling, and longitudinal root index of seedling. The results of the data showed that in terms of the type of pretreatment, iron sulfate was superior to zinc sulfate and caused the major improvement of the germination indicators, except for the germination speed. Also, by increasing the concentration from 30 to 60 mM, the highest indicators of germination and seedling growth were obtained. However, with a further increase in the concentration of the pre-treatment material, a decreasing trend was observed in all the measured traits, which could possibly be due to the toxicity in the seeds under high concentrations of metals. In general, according to the obtained results, it seems that the use of these two substances, especially iron sulfate, with a maximum concentration of 60 mM, is beneficial for improving the germination and nutritional characteristics of seeds. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Studying of the Pretreatment Effects of the combination of Sodium Chloride and Time on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigmentation Status and Photosystems Ratios in Cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. FS 65
Hamideh Sadat Amirlatifi Shadman Shokravi Aryan Sateei Mazyar Ahmadi Golsefidi Mehrali Mahmoudjanlo

Possibility of the growth, biomass and photosynthetic pigment content fluctuations were surveyed in the soil cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. FS 65 via the combinations of two parameters means different concentration of salinity (17 , 80 and 160 mM) and time (24 and 96 hour More

Possibility of the growth, biomass and photosynthetic pigment content fluctuations were surveyed in the soil cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. FS 65 via the combinations of two parameters means different concentration of salinity (17 , 80 and 160 mM) and time (24 and 96 hours). After purification, axenic culture of the cyanobacterium was pretreated with 24 and 96 hours in 17, 80, and 160 mM NaCl and then moved to usual culture media without extra salinity. Analysis included survivality and growth, in vivo pigment (phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, phycoerythrin and chlorophylls) and comparison of the combination of time and salinity on photosystem ratios. Results showed that the 24 hours pretreatments cause the complete deletion of the lag phase of the growth curve of such a strain. This may be an outstanding result regarding the role of lag phase on the acclimation processes and essential compartments of the nitrogenase and meanwhile intelligent outer layers envelopes. The main components of phycobilisomes means phycocyanin, phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin increase more than sixty percent after 96 hours pretreatment in 160 mM salinity. The phosystems ratio reached to the maximum at 24 hours after 17 mM salinity and then decreased significantly at the 96 mM at 96 hours after inoculation. The difference between the intercalary times and treatments seems insignificance despite that there was obvious difference. Collectively, using pretreatments may have considerable effects on the energy transfer in photosystems and the production of the energy and reductans which seem the great advantageous for the large scale cultivation technology. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Effect of pH pretreatment on growth and photosynthetic properties of cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. FS 18
Bahareh Abbasi shadman shokravi Mazyar Ahmadi Golsefidi Aryan Sateei elahe kiaei

In the present study, the effects of pretreatment of time (24 and 96 hours) and pH (7 and 9) at extremely limited carbon dioxide concentration were studied on the exponential growth phase, photosynthetic pigments per cell, absorption shift of chlorophyll, structure and More

In the present study, the effects of pretreatment of time (24 and 96 hours) and pH (7 and 9) at extremely limited carbon dioxide concentration were studied on the exponential growth phase, photosynthetic pigments per cell, absorption shift of chlorophyll, structure and function of phycobilisome, the ratio of light harvesting to reaction center pigment, and the ratio of photosystem 1 to photosystem 2 in stigonematalean cyanobacterium Fischerella sp.FS 18.  Results showed that pretreatments kept the exponential growth phase at both 24 and 96 hours and also under pHs 7 and 9. Contrary to the absorption peak of chlorophyll, cellular pigments showed no stable pattern regarding pretreatments. Phycobilisomes were the main point of treatment affects. The pattern of the rode part of phycobilisomes was the same at pretreatment reactions. The shift of phycocyanin was about 1 and phycoerythrin about 3. The highest rate of photosystem 1 to photosystem 2 ratio was observed at 24 hours and under neutral condition. This changed by the time and led to decreased efficiency of energy transport in photosynthesis system. The change in the phycobilisome operation may be a compensation mechanism to mitigate the degree of such a decrease. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - The investigation of pretreatment irradiation power and time of microwave on total phenolic content, oxidative stability and the physicochemical properties of Cannabis oil
masoumeh moghimi

In this study, the effects of pretreatment  irradiation power and time of microwave on total phenolic content , oxidative stability and the physicochemical properties of Cannabis oil, which included:  extraction efficiency, acidity values, refractive  and More

In this study, the effects of pretreatment  irradiation power and time of microwave on total phenolic content , oxidative stability and the physicochemical properties of Cannabis oil, which included:  extraction efficiency, acidity values, refractive  and color index  were studied by a completely randomized design in the form of 3×3 factorial experiment with three levels of applied microwave irradiation power (180, 540 and 900 W) and three microwave time levels (90, 180 and 270 seconds) and three replications. The hemp seeds were supplied from animal feed store in Gonbad kavous city in early spring of 2017 and oils were obtained by using spiral press .The SAS software was used for data analysis. The results were showed that with increasing microwave power, the oil extraction efficiency, acidity, color index, oxidative stability and total phenol increased significantly (p< 0.01). Increasing the microwave time also led to an increase in the oil extraction efficiency, acidity, density, oxidative stability and total phenol. The pretreatment microwave had no significant effect on the oil refractive index. The maximum oil extraction efficiency was obtained from seeds which had a microwave power and time of 900 watts and 270 seconds respectively. The maximum oxidative stability (9.33 hours) was achieved when the applied microwave power and time were at their maximized levels. Overall, regarding the achieved results it can be concluded that the use of microwave in order to treatment of hemp seeds before oil extraction by cold press can improve the oil extraction efficiency and increase phenolic compounds. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - The effect of salinity pretreatment of Glomus mosseae on induction of salinity tolerance in Lycopersicum esculentum L.
Mina Anoshee Mozhgan Farzami Sepehr

10.30495/ijpp.2016.532652

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Open Access Article

14 - Production of biobutanol from rice straw: An overview on pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation
Nooshin Rahnama

Rice straw is a promising agricultural residue for the production of biobutanol due to its plentitude and low commercial value. Rice straw has high potential sugars that can be converted into fermentable sugars. However, biobutanol production from rice straw-based on th More

Rice straw is a promising agricultural residue for the production of biobutanol due to its plentitude and low commercial value. Rice straw has high potential sugars that can be converted into fermentable sugars. However, biobutanol production from rice straw-based on the current technology is not economically viable due to the challenges and restrictions throughout the overall process of rice straw-biobutanol conversion. For the process to be economically viable, the use of an appropriate pretreatment technique is of great significance since an effective pretreatment can result in efficient hydrolysis. In this article, a total number of 66 articles from 1980-2018 were first searched on databases using keywords and then were reviewed. This paper reviews the current approaches and advances available for the production of biobutanol from rice straw. The challenges encountered throughout the overall process of bioconversion of rice straw into biobutanol are discussed as well. Even though much attempt has been made to develop a proper technique for pretreatment of rice straw, efforts are still required to make the process more efficient and economically feasible. The use of genetically modified butanol tolerant strains has resulted in butanol production at higher concentrations. Therefore, in situ product-recovery systems have become more economical as substrate inhibition and butanol toxicity to the culture are drastically reduced. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - The effect of integrated weed control treatments on some growth and quality traits of cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.)
Abbas Nasiri Dehsorkhi Hassan Makarian Manochehr Gholipoor Hamid Abbasdokht Afifeh Neisi

In order to investigate the effect of integrated weed management on some growth and quality traits of cowpea, an experiment was conducted at the research field of Shahrood University of Technology as randomized complete blocks design with four replications in 2014. The More

In order to investigate the effect of integrated weed management on some growth and quality traits of cowpea, an experiment was conducted at the research field of Shahrood University of Technology as randomized complete blocks design with four replications in 2014. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments; weedy, weed free (all season), recommended herbicide dose (960 grams active ingredient per hectare), reduced herbicide dose (480 grams active ingredient per hectare), ultrasonic waves (24 kHz for 6 minutes) and hydro-priming separately in combination with the above mentioned treatments. The results showed that leaf area index and height of the first pod insertion increased in ultrasonic waves + weeding (all season) treatment by 51.6 and 60 percent in comparison to control (no weeding) treatment respectively. Ultrasonic waves + weeding and hydro-priming + weeding treatments increased the grain protein by 7.3 and 7.5 percent in comparison to control (no weeding) treatment respectively. The results indicated that application of hydro-priming and ultrasonic waves in combination with redused dose of trifluralin increased the leaf chlorophyll index and grain yield equal to recommended herbicide dose and weeding (all season) treatments. Also no significant difference was observed in density and above ground biomass of weeds between the application of hydro-priming + reduced herbicide dose and ultrasonic waves + reduced herbicide dose treatments with recommended herbicide dose treatment. Based on the results of this experiment, priming and sonication of seeds in combination with reduced dose of herbicide can increase growth and quality traits and also reduce herbicide consumption. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - The impact of magnetic and ultra-sound pre-treatment on the agronomical traits and yields of forage corn
sasan rezadust هادي طايفه افشاري

To study the impact of pre-treatment of magnetic and ultra sound waves of the yield of forage corn of 704, an experiment was carried out in factorial complete random blocks with three replications and two factors on a field in Badalboo village, 15 km north of Urmia in 1 More

To study the impact of pre-treatment of magnetic and ultra sound waves of the yield of forage corn of 704, an experiment was carried out in factorial complete random blocks with three replications and two factors on a field in Badalboo village, 15 km north of Urmia in 1392. The first factor was the magnetic field including 40, 80 milli-tesla in 20 minutes and the control ; the second factor was the sound waves including two levels with 40, 80 k. h. in two minutes with control. The results showed that the traits of the stalk height, the number of nodes, leaf area, the corn weight ratio, percentage of the protein, and the weight of forage were under the impact of sound waves. The trait of the number of nodes was also under magnetic field. The interactive impact of magnetic field in second waves was significant on the stalk height, number of leaves, wet weight of the stalk, and percentage of protein. The combination of two pre-treatment of ultra-sound and magnetic wave in average wave level caused %20 increase in the forage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - The effect of chitosan on morphological and biochemical indices of seedling of aging accelerated soybean seeds
Vahid Mansouri Gandomani Heshmat Omidi

10.22034/aej.2016.524150

To determine the effect of a chitosan on aging accelerated soybean seeds, a study was conducted based on completely randomized design in factorial experiment with three replications in 2015 Science and Research Laboratory of Shahed University, Tehran. The first factor w More

To determine the effect of a chitosan on aging accelerated soybean seeds, a study was conducted based on completely randomized design in factorial experiment with three replications in 2015 Science and Research Laboratory of Shahed University, Tehran. The first factor was levels of accelerated aging including 0, 24 and 48 hours storing of seeds in saturated humidity at 41°C temperature. The second factor was chitosan different concentrations including 0, 0.25 and 0.5% w/v rates. In this experiment, morphological traits such as number of normal seedlings, seedling length, shoot relative water content of, shoot to root ratio and biochemical characteristics such as chlorophyll a and b, chlorophyll a to b ratio and the amount of carotenoids in soybean leaves were measured. Chitosan had positive significant effect on aging accelerated soybean seeds germination, also effecting on chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids amounts in soybean seedling leaves tending to morphological characteristics improvement. Chitosan has also increased the number of normal seedlings resulted from aging accelerated seeds, shoot to root fresh weight resulting in  modulating destructive effect of accelerating of soybean seeds. Therefore, chitosan effecting on physiological traits and soybean seedling germination of soybean seeds could reduce the damage on soybean seeds caused by aging acceleration as a priming environment friendly and safe treatment. Manuscript profile

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