Physician

Open Access Article

1 - Non-Muslim Physicians in the Islamic Middle Age Courts
Behrooz Shorche Masoumali Panjeh

10.30495/jhcin.2019.14719

This paper seeks to investigate and explore the fields, causes, and consequences of the presence of non-Muslim physicians (dhimmi) in the Islamic courts in the middle Age. According to the statistical survey of biography books of the physicians, nearly half of the well- More

This paper seeks to investigate and explore the fields, causes, and consequences of the presence of non-Muslim physicians (dhimmi) in the Islamic courts in the middle Age. According to the statistical survey of biography books of the physicians, nearly half of the well-known and renowned physicians who worked in Muslim courts were Christian as well as Jewish and, in some cases, Saebi and Samaritans. The caliphs' and courtiers' needed to the therapists and the shortage of Muslim expert physicians in compare with non-Muslim physicians and also the tolerance of the caliphs had made a safe atmosphere for non-Muslim physicians. The presence of those physicians in the courts led to the progress of medical knowledge and practice in addition to treatment. Being aware of the secrets of power and politics changed the physician’s characters and dignity and caused their involvement in the political conflicts and their consequences. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Offering and Testing a Model to Explain the Physician Induced Demand in Iran
Abvalqasem Golkhandan Elaham Fatholahi

Introduction: According to the physician induced demand hypothesis, health care demand may be due to asymmetric information in health market, is influenced by the behavior of health suppliers. This study first assumes that the number of physician reduced health expendit More

Introduction: According to the physician induced demand hypothesis, health care demand may be due to asymmetric information in health market, is influenced by the behavior of health suppliers. This study first assumes that the number of physician reduced health expenditures, because of the increase the supply of health. But to achieve a specified level of physician, called threshold level, because of the physician induced demand hypothesis, competition between physicians, is leading to an increase in health spending. So, the major aim of this study is to evaluate the U shape hypothesis between the number of physicians and health expenditures in Iran. Methods: This study using time series data for 1971-2013, is investigated the possible non-linear relationship between per capita health expenditure (dependent variable), per capita physician (independent variable) and mortality rate (controlled variable). For this purpose, is used the Logistic Smooth Transition Regression (LSTR) model. Also, the statistical analyzes were performed using the EXCEL, EVIEWS and JMALTI soft wares. Results: The results of the model LSTR, in addition to confirm the nonlinear effects of per capita physician on per capita health expenditure, show that the per capita physician per 10,000 population, influence on the per capita health expenditure in the form of two regime structure with threshold level about of 12.24. So that, in the first regime, per capita physician had a negative impact on per capita health expenditure (disapproval the induced demand hypothesis), but this impact is positive in the second regime (confirm the induced demand hypothesis). So, U-shaped impact hypothesis of per capita physician on per capita health expenditure in Iran, is not rejected. Conclusion: Since at the moment the physician per capita per 10,000 population, is most of the threshold level, the country is located in the second regime. Accordingly, adopt more suitable policies to prevent from the induction of demand by physicians, is necessary. Introduction: This study first assumes that the number of physician reduced health expenditures, because of the increase the supply of health. But to achieve a specified level of physician, called threshold level, because of the physician induced demand hypothesis, competition between physicians, is leading to an increase in health spending. So, The major aim of this study is to evaluate the U shape hypothesis between the number of physicians and health expenditures in Iran.Methods: This study using time series data for 1971-2013, is investigated the possible non-linear relationship between per capita health expenditure (dependent variable), per capita physician (independent variable) and mortality rate (controlled variable). For this purpose, is used the Logistic Smooth Transition Regression (LSTR) model. Also, the statistical analyzes were performed using the EXCEL, EVIEWS and JMALTI soft wares.Results: The results of the model LSTR, in addition to confirm the nonlinear effects of per capita physician on per capita health expenditure, show that the per capita physician per 10,000 population, influence on the per capita health expenditure in the form of two regime structure with threshold level about of 12.24. So that, In the first regime, per capita physician had a negative impact on per capita health expenditure (disapproval the induced demand hypothesis), but this impact is positive in the second regime (confirm the induced demand hypothesis). Conclusion: Since at the moment the physician per capita per 10,000 population, is most of the threshold level, The country is located in the second regime. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Effect of Health Policy and Structure of Health Insurance on Referral System in the Urban Family Physician Program in Iran
farshad tavakoli amirashkan nasiripour leila riahi mahmood mahmoodi

Introduction: The importance of the referral system in the health system is very high so that it is stated that 80 to 90% of the first-level health care clients are diagnosable and treatable. Therefore, Referral system in the health system is very important so that it i More

Introduction: The importance of the referral system in the health system is very high so that it is stated that 80 to 90% of the first-level health care clients are diagnosable and treatable. Therefore, Referral system in the health system is very important so that it is mentioned that 80 to 90 percent of patients in the first level of health cares are recognizable and treatable. Therefore, modification of referral system can reduce greatly amount of specialist and supersonic referral of hospitals. The purpose of this paper is to investigate on the Effect of Health Policy and structure of health insurance on referral system in the Urban Family Physician Program in Iran in order to improve and develop the first, second, and third level services of the referral system in Iran. Methods: The present study is a descriptive-correlation research. The policy makings conducted, as well as the status of the insurance system of different countries was extracted through systematic identification of the Urban Family Physician's referral system. Then the effects of these factors on the referral system were identified using a researcher-made questionnaire and statistical analysis of factor analysis and T test. Statistical population was included 400 subjects who were expert on family physicians at the national level. The Data Sufficiency was evaluated by the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin’s (KMO) test. Reliability of test was calculated and confirmed according to Cronbach's Alpha and Combined Reliability (CR). Also, the validity of the test was calculated and confirmed according to the average variance extracted (AVE). Results: The effect of proper health insurance structure and transparent financial rules on the referral system of the urban family physician and proper health system’s policy makings were proved through coefficients of 0.860 and 0.804, respectively. In the health policy factor, the most important variable is the question number 9 on supervision of the provision of services at first, second, and third level of referring in which factor loading is 0.774.also, in the insurance structure dimension , the most important variable is the question number 12 on applying restrictions in order to refer patients in the pharmacy clinic having in which factor loading is 0.793. Conclusion: It can be calculated that proper health insurance structure and proper health system’s policy play important roles for success and improving referral system of urban family physician. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Survey of General Practitioners Point of View about Family Physician and Referral System Policies in Urban Areas for 2013
ansour Zahiri efat mohamadi ZhGila Najafpoor Mohamad reza Mobini zadeh Zahra Guodarzi

Introduction: The most important issues in the process of implementation is stakeholder analysis and identify their interests to effective implementation. This study intends to examine policy content of family physicians and referral system from the medical perspective More

Introduction: The most important issues in the process of implementation is stakeholder analysis and identify their interests to effective implementation. This study intends to examine policy content of family physicians and referral system from the medical perspective as the main stakeholders the project. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 2013. Data collection using the questionnaire developed by the researchers based on version 02 family physician instructions that its validity and reliability were tested. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results: Over 60% of sample were female and aged less than 40 years. They also were under 5 years of experience and more than %50 of physicians were working in the line (health teams). Conclusions: Establishing referral system in the country is a huge revolution in the delivery of health services. To implementation of this, and access to health services costs associated with the management. Infrastructure and health reforms in other sectors including health information systems, and training of related human resource, improve culture of the society, guidelines related to the payment system and how service delivery is required. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Factors Affecting of the Mean Rates Visiting-Hour Indicator in the Hospitals of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences after Implementation of Health System Reform Plan
mohammad ali jahani roya fakhteh ali reza fathi ahmad khosravi Ghahraman Mahmoudi

Introduction: A doctor's obligation to follow standard time of visiting patients has an important role in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and decreasing in visiting times. This study aimed to determine the trend of changes in the rate of Physicians' visiting-hour in More

Introduction: A doctor's obligation to follow standard time of visiting patients has an important role in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and decreasing in visiting times. This study aimed to determine the trend of changes in the rate of Physicians' visiting-hour indicator after carrying out the Health System Reform Plan.  Methods: This comparative study compared the indicator from September 23, 2014 to 20 March 2015 and from September 23, 2016 to 20 March 2017.Research population included all 24 hospitals located in Mazandaran. Information on visiting activities in private clinics in each hospital (including the hours of Physicians' activity and the number of visited patients, teaching vs. non-teaching hospital, Physician's employment kind and his/her profession, etc.) was extracted and analyzed in pResults: The mean rates of visiting-hour indicator were 11.9±17.7 and 8.4±4.2 first year and second year, respectively (p=.002). The mean rates of this indicator amounted to 12/0±15.7, 9.7±12.4 and 7.8±4.2 for surgery, internal medicine and other professions, respectively (p=.002). In first year, the mean rates of the indicator amounted to 10.3±12.1 and 14.5±23.4 in non-teaching and teaching hospitals, respectively (p=.02). In second year, the mean rates of the indicator were 8.1±3.6 and 8.8±4.9 in non-teaching and teaching hospitals, respectively (p= .1). The mean rates of visiting-hour indicator were significant difference with Expertise (p< .001) and Ownership (p= .43) Conclusion: The mean of visiting-hour indicator recovered in second year (2016-2017) in comparison with that of first year (2014-2015). Therefore, while paying attention to continuous improvement of this process, more monitoring is recommended to achieve the objectives of this important service package. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The Effect of in-Service Training on Physician's Productivity in Health Centers: A Semi Experimental Study
Tahereh Moghadas Azadeh Nouri

Introduction: one of the main causes of the efficiency and effectiveness of any organization, is Staff training. This study aimed to determine the effect of training on productivity in physicians in health centers of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The More

Introduction: one of the main causes of the efficiency and effectiveness of any organization, is Staff training. This study aimed to determine the effect of training on productivity in physicians in health centers of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The semi experimental design was conducted. The population was consisting of 86 staff who were selected randomly. The population of this study was physicians that working in Health centers of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Data was collected through "Productivity Questionnaire of Hersi & Goldsmith". This questionnaire was completed before and after the study by physicians. The intervention group received in-service training for 51 hours. Before and after the intervention physicians completed questionnaires of productivity. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Paired t-test was used to compare the data in both groups before and after the intervention. Results: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the mean score of physicians' productivity before and after of in-service training. (P<0.05). The subscales include motivation and performance evaluation also increased after intervention. (P<0.05). Conclusion: The in-service trainingin physicians can improved a number of components of productivity. Therefore, it is recommended to improve the factors affecting productivity by enriching the training.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Identifying the Factors Affecting the Cultural Competence of Doctors and Nurses in Government Organizations in the Health and Medical Sector of Iran
Eghbal Mohammadpour mansour irandoost hamid lorestani jalil sahabi

10.30495/jhm.2022.66878.11038

Introduction: Cultural competence, which is the ability to respond to cultural diversity within health care systems. The aim of this article was to identify the factors affecting the cultural competence of physicians and nurses of government organizations in the health More

Introduction: Cultural competence, which is the ability to respond to cultural diversity within health care systems. The aim of this article was to identify the factors affecting the cultural competence of physicians and nurses of government organizations in the health sector of Iran. Methods: To analyze the research literature, the Meta-synthesis method was used, then using the opinions of 10 organizational experts with a questionnaire, the two-stage Delphi method was used to finalize the model. Results: In the first phase, with a systematic review of 198 documents, which after refinement reached 32 and by reviewing these studies, we obtained 7 effective indicators and 26 sub-indicators affecting cultural competence, which in a questionnaire of 10 experts In the first round, the Kendall coefficient is ./512  It was obtained by removing a factor that had less credibility from the experts' point of view, as well as correcting 3 other factors, and finally in the second round of Delphi, the number ./704 It was found that it indicates the high validity of these indicators. Conclusion: Indicators of cultural diversity, cultural attitude, cultural desire, cultural humility, humanistic competence, educational readiness and organizational support are the seven final indicators. The application of the extracted model of cultural competence in public health can be a tool for Assessing and prioritizing the cultural competence of medical staff in the public sector of Iran and its results should be the basis for taking managerial measures for organizational reform and improvement. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Identifying and Prioritizing Personal Branding Indicators of Specialist Physicians using multi-criteria decision-making technique (SWARA)
Malihe siavoshi Mojgan zarghamifard Mohanna sharifi

10.30495/jhm.2022.67086.11036

Introduction: Physicians' personal branding is one of the new areas in the medical-health system that promotes business growth and productivity. In addition, in the field of treatment and health, it also improves public health and public trust in the system. Given the i More

Introduction: Physicians' personal branding is one of the new areas in the medical-health system that promotes business growth and productivity. In addition, in the field of treatment and health, it also improves public health and public trust in the system. Given the importance of this issue, the present study has taken a step in this direction to identify the effective indicators in creating personal branding of physicians and to prioritize them. Methods: The present study is an applied, descriptive survey. The statistical population of the present study is the specialized physicians of Bandar Abbas city and to collect data, ten specialized physicians have been selected as research experts with the snowballs technique. To analyze the data, the fuzzy Delphi method has been used to identify the effective indicators in creating the personal brand of specialist physicians and the multi-criteria decision making method (SWARA) has been used to gain weight and prioritize these indicators. Results: First, by examining the theoretical foundations of the research, 25 effective indicators for creating a personal brand were identified. Then, according to experts’ opinion answers, among the available indicators, 14 effective indicators in creating a personal brand of specialized physicians were identified. Finally, the identified indicators were confirmed and prioritized using the SWARA technique. According to the results, these indicators along with their average rank (a lower average rank indicates more importance) are experience and expertise (1.8), social responsibilities (2.6), adherence to professional ethics (3.5), credibility (4), reliability (5.1), personality traits (6.6), generosity and generosity (6.7), communication ( 8.3), authenticity (8.5), presence in social media (9.6), attire (11.4), individual performance (11.9), having personal goals (12.30) and having a personal vision (12.70) Conclusion: According to the results, the indicators that have the greatest impact in creating the personal branding of specialist doctors are related to indicators related to professional, social or cultural issues such as expertise, compliance with professional ethics, trust and credibility, social responsibilities, communication and indicators that are related to personal and individual issues such as individual performance, having a vision and personal goals, although they are influential, but have a lower priority. Specialist physicians can be more successful in the field of competition by identifying and strengthening the indicators that influence their brand. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Legal jurisprudential study of futures studies's commitment to denying ignorant deception
seyed mohammad reza pirmoradian Ahmad Bagheri Mohammad Kazem Rahman Satayesh

10.30495/jijl.2022.67762.1553

In this research, for the first time, based on normative futures studies in Islam, the physician's commitment to deny ignorant deception with emphasis on Imami jurisprudence and Iranian law is discussed. The present study, which was carried out by descriptive and analyt More

In this research, for the first time, based on normative futures studies in Islam, the physician's commitment to deny ignorant deception with emphasis on Imami jurisprudence and Iranian law is discussed. The present study, which was carried out by descriptive and analytical methods, verse 29 of Surah Al-Nisa ', has considered the narrations and the construction of the wise as the reasons for denying the deception of the ignorant. If the doctor or his / her secretary refers the patient to a laboratory, hospital or other doctor inappropriately and unnecessarily, and allocates a percentage of the examination and visit for himself / herself and pays for the patient, who has trusted him / her, this The action of the physician or his secretary is under the jurisprudential and legal title of deceiving the ignorant, and also the doctor does not prescribe a placebo, assuming that there are alternative ways for it, even assuming that he wants to benefit the patient, depending on the patient's reward. He receives, it is not possible to remove the guarantee and responsibility from the doctor, he has paid, that due and proper attention to this commitment, the doctor can achieve a better efficiency of tomorrow's health system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The study of Kelly and Demne's moral parables in explaining the purpose of medicine
akbar sajedi

Bourziyh tabib In the introduction to Kelleh and Demne's book, describes some of the ethical recommendations that he derives from his own experiences. He has made it easy to understand each of the aforementioned ethical recommendations by using analogy. This article is More

Bourziyh tabib In the introduction to Kelleh and Demne's book, describes some of the ethical recommendations that he derives from his own experiences. He has made it easy to understand each of the aforementioned ethical recommendations by using analogy. This article is an analytical method While briefly referring to literary debates, philosophical and moral foundations Explains the above analogies and concludes that Borzouy explains the ethical issues to the most important philosophical and moral principles, including: The combination of man from the spirit and body, the originality of the soul, the quality of communication, the middle ends with the ultimate goal, the necessity of avoiding alienation, the necessity of self-knowledge The existence of the essence of the senses and the validity of other sources of knowledge, other than sense and experience, has been completely arrogant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The Relationship of Abstract thinking with Emotional Intelligence and its Components in Isfahan city Physicians and Teachers
الهه حجه‌فروش مختار ملک‌پور محسن گل‌پرور

This research was conducted with the aim of studying the correlation between abstract thinking and emotional intelligence (EI) in Isfahan general physicians and teachers. Research method was correlational, and statistical population included general physicians and teach More

This research was conducted with the aim of studying the correlation between abstract thinking and emotional intelligence (EI) in Isfahan general physicians and teachers. Research method was correlational, and statistical population included general physicians and teachers of guidance and high schools in the city Isfahan, among them 77 physicians and 180 teachers were selected by applying random sampling. Research instruments were Ravens Adults Intelligence Questionnaire (Raven, 1938) and Emotional Intelligence Inventory (Siberia Sheering, 1995). The data were analyzed with the use of Pearson correlation coefficient. The results demonstrated that in teacher’s sample, in general there are significant relationships between abstract thinking with general emotional intelligence, self- stimulation, empathy and social skills (p < ?). Also among female teachers, significant relationships were found between abstract thinking with general emotional intelligence, self- stimulation and social skills, but there were no significant relationships between abstract thinking and emotional intelligence and its components in mal teacher. The results in both physicians, overall, and female ones, revealed that, there is a significant relationship between abstract thinking with, self- stimulation(p < ?), but in male physicians there were no significant relationships between abstract thinking with emotional intelligence and its components. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Explaining professionalism in medical students education (synthesis research)
arezo vasili narges keshtiara Alireza Yousefy

10.30486/jsre.2021.1933262.1920

This study has been done with a synthesis of both internal and external studies in order to achieve more and newer concepts regarding professionalism in medical education. The method of this study was synthesis research. The required data were collected by searching lib More

This study has been done with a synthesis of both internal and external studies in order to achieve more and newer concepts regarding professionalism in medical education. The method of this study was synthesis research. The required data were collected by searching library resources and articles in ERIC, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, springer Magiran, and Irandoc databases. In order to search domestic and foreign databases, the keywords of professionalism, curriculum, professionalism curriculum, medical education were used. The articles and sources reviewed were from 1998 to 2020. In the final review, the most relevant sources included 53 articles that were reviewed and extracted in order to achieve the purpose of the present study. 270 concepts were extracted and grouped into 22 concepts. Finally, the concepts were categorized into the final 6 concepts of professional commitment, caring behavior, virtue-based professional commitment, lifelong learner, ethics and law-based, professional character and type of curriculum. The results show that if certain professional beliefs and behaviors are not institutionalized in today's students during the internship, it can reduce the sensitivity of students' professionalism and thus make professional decisions difficult for future physicians. Therefore, the role of formal education in professionalism is important in this regard, considering the role of the hidden curriculum. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - The Impact of Indian Gurkhani Religious Policy on the Migration of Iranian Physicians
mohammad Mehraein amir rafiei mohamad salim

Medicine in India has a long history, as in the Sassanid and Islamic eras, Indian medical books were one of the scientific sources of that time. India and their occupation was in the court of the Gurkhanids of India. The reason for these migrations was the strict religi More

Medicine in India has a long history, as in the Sassanid and Islamic eras, Indian medical books were one of the scientific sources of that time. India and their occupation was in the court of the Gurkhanids of India. The reason for these migrations was the strict religious policies of the Safavid kings and the favorable situation in India due to the policy of religious tolerance of the Mongols of India. After the complete conquest of India during the reign of Akbar Shah, the Mongols continued to rule. India, which in terms of historical and religious geography includes a plurality of different ethnicities and religions, will not be easily accessible, and only with the help of religious policy can tolerance prevail in India's pluralistic society. Mongol court support and generous rewards Sean was an exciting factor in attracting Iranian Najkan. This article deals with the impact of Gurkhanian religious policy in attracting the Iranian medical community in the Safavid era. O preachers of religious freedom were the elite society Iranians were under pressure from the fanatical policies of the Safavid government, and for this reason India became a bulwark to attract this elite group from Iranian society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Medicine in Qajar Iran Based on Western Travelers Itineraries
mohammad tayebi hamid kavyani

Based on western travellersitineraries, Iranian physicians of 19th century all diseases, medications and nourishments into four groups of Sanguine, Choleric, Melancholic and Phlegmatic and superstition was ruling over the realm of disease causes and their treatment. The More

Based on western travellersitineraries, Iranian physicians of 19th century all diseases, medications and nourishments into four groups of Sanguine, Choleric, Melancholic and Phlegmatic and superstition was ruling over the realm of disease causes and their treatment. They thought that magic and charm could be of more benefit in disease prevention than clever care. However, setting aside the unaware and untrained pseudo-physicians, it is to be noted that there were physicians all around Qajar Iran who had been attending to scientific methods of medicine education and had gone so much further than their own time but lack of supervision over physicians’ activities, unaccounted entry of greedy people into the realm of medicine, and disappearance of specialization in treatment led the medicine science to superstition and being unscientific and left the scientific medicine in a weak and helpless position. The superstitious and reactionary ideas about Iranian medicine and treatment methods are cited in this research to show the general condition of Iranian physicians and medicine during Qajar era so that we could find out the why and how of regression in medicine and treatment methods of Iranian during the said era and its lagging behind the modern medicine. Therefore, through a comparative method and comparing the existing sources this research aimed to reflect the reality of medicine in Qajar Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Acquit in Medicine Law from the Viewpoint of Jurisprudence and Law*
rohollah ghadimi hossein davarzani

In the legal process of treatment, there is concern about the interaction of law and medicine. The purpose of this study is to clarify the status of legal entity liberation before relying on questions such as: (a physician with regard to the founder as a person knows be More

In the legal process of treatment, there is concern about the interaction of law and medicine. The purpose of this study is to clarify the status of legal entity liberation before relying on questions such as: (a physician with regard to the founder as a person knows beneficent and honest people, the physician of the patient's satisfaction receiving and using the knowledge to treat the sick and the damage he caused to the time the guarantee is if the patient's medical damages, the acquit from obligation, seductive physician will go?), Methods relating to the liberation is to be reasonable and consistent with community needs and with regard to patient and physician rights and justice, forensic medicine, effective steps should be taken to solve the dilemma facing the medical community. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Judicial and Lawful Study of Euthanasia
mohammad jafari harandi fatemeh jabarzadeh

Euthanasia or death due to compassion is discussed in religious and legal groups of the world as a conservatory medical issue that is concerned with incurable patients who have no ability to live and request death from their physician. This question was analyzed with re More

Euthanasia or death due to compassion is discussed in religious and legal groups of the world as a conservatory medical issue that is concerned with incurable patients who have no ability to live and request death from their physician. This question was analyzed with respect to judicial and lawful studies after medical study of euthanasia. The religious task of physician in euthanasia or death due to compassion is as a revere which is a religious judgment. Such judgments are not terminable because of consensus by all the religious jurisprudents. But religious restraining order of physician's action is murder in this case due to intentional kill by the physician or medical team and it is considered as premeditated murder, so religious restraining order for such actions is retaliation, but permission of murdered person before the murder makes it doubt and according to well known ideas of religious jurisprudents, it waives the retaliation. In return, some of the religious jurisprudents believe that retaliation is not waived pursuant to rule of ESGHATE MA LAM YAJAB (Waiving what is not necessary at present) because at first they believe that the right shall be demonstrated then it may be waived and right of retaliation would be demonstrated after death not before. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - The Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training on the Quality of Work Life and Body Composition in Female Physicians
azita bordbar vahid rafiee amin rayat

10.30495/varzesh.2021.1941889.1024

Introduction: Quality of work life refers to the satisfaction of employees with different needs through resources, activities and the results of being at work. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on the quality of wo More

Introduction: Quality of work life refers to the satisfaction of employees with different needs through resources, activities and the results of being at work. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on the quality of work life and body composition in female physicians. Materials and methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 20 female general practitioners referring to Shiraz Guard Sports Club were selected as the statistical sample and were divided into training and control groups. The training group performed resistance training for eight weeks and three sessions per week. Also, the control group had only their daily activities during this period. Before training and 24 hours after the last training session, body composition was measured by the body composition device and quality of work life by the Walton Quality of Life Questionnaire. Shapiro-Wilk, independent and dependent t-tests were used to analyze the findings (P≥0.05). Findings: There were significant differences in changes in total body water (P=0.27), protein mass (P=0.24), mineral mass (P=0.09), net body mass (P=0.97), fat mass (P=0.84) and no quality of work life (P=0.23) was seen in the training and control groups in the post-test compared to the pre-test. Conclusion: It seems that the resistance training protocol of the present study does not have a significant effect on improving the quality of work life and body composition of physicians. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Criminal liability of telemedicine service providers
Amir Samawati Piruz Sogand Asgari

Today, there is no clear boundary between the sciences, many specialties are located between the sciences, including e-health and telemedicine. Of course, in general, this science can not be considered specific to health sciences or only in the field of information tech More

Today, there is no clear boundary between the sciences, many specialties are located between the sciences, including e-health and telemedicine. Of course, in general, this science can not be considered specific to health sciences or only in the field of information technology. However, telemedicine is one of the technologies that is expected to dramatically change the pattern of health care delivery, as it has already revolutionized many areas of this science, namely medicine. This technology is used as a communication tool that connects healthcare professionals and patients in different areas through telephone, wireless, fax, video conferencing and the Internet and many other means of communication and the possibility of providing medical services to patients without need. Provides for their physical presence. On the other hand, many other problems and issues related to the relationship between the patient and the physician, events and incidents that may occur in this regard and following various medical and therapeutic operations, although in traditional medicine and in other words where between the physician And the patient is not a barrier and the distance is largely resolved, but in relation to telemedicine this issue is debatable and needs to be studied and pondered. In medical services provided to the patient through the medical system remotely, the medical center where these services are provided is a party to the patient's contract, although in this case the contractual relationship between the patient and the telemedicine is not assumed, Subordinate form and based on principles such as employer responsibility, replacement responsibility and apparent representation with the medical center is discussed. Manuscript profile

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