-
Open Access Article
1 - Evaluations of the antibacterial effect of chitosan edible film contain ajwain essential oil on some foodborne pathogenic bacteria
Nima Babolani Mogadam Najmeh Moghimi Peyman Mahasti Shotorbani -
Open Access Article
2 - A review of groundwater human diseases and the role of hydrogeological factors in counteracting them
Nejat Zeydalinejad Zohreh RamakBackground and Objective: Even though surface water is more susceptible to pollution and pathogens than groundwater, nowadays, it has been affirmed that groundwater may not only cause diseases in humanity, but also contaminate surface water. However, few studies have hi MoreBackground and Objective: Even though surface water is more susceptible to pollution and pathogens than groundwater, nowadays, it has been affirmed that groundwater may not only cause diseases in humanity, but also contaminate surface water. However, few studies have hitherto taken into account the groundwater diseases. The objective of this study is to evaluate the pathogens and diseases apropos of groundwater and to assess the key role of hydrogeological factors in alleviating them. Material and Methodology: In this study, different articles, especially case studies, related to groundwater diseases were reviewed. Findings: Groundwater may be the origin of many diseases affecting different parts of the body. Gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, cerebral, respiratory, skeletal, dental, ocular, and psychological diseases along with typhoid, cholera, hepatitis, goiter, metaglobin, bronchitis, poliomyelitis, anemia, internal bleeding, aging, allergies, sore throat, conjunctivitis, anosmia, inflammation and burning of the mouth, anesthesia, learning disabilities, behavioral and hyperactivity disorders in children, impaired fertility and fetal development, methemoglobinemia, congenital defect, cancer, and even death may occur in lights of groundwater. Discussion and Conclusion: Acquiring knowledge about the groundwater systems might be advantageous to a thorough understanding of issues relating to pathogens, and their refinement. Indeed, dissimilar groundwater systems having various hydrogeological characteristics exist. Considering features such as the type of geological formations, the aquifer's depth, and the anthropogenic influences, viz. groundwater over-exploitation, can complicate the issue, and impose requirements on hydrogeological studies in terms of self-purification. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Isolation and identification of endophytic bacteria from alfalfa roots and their antimicrobial effects on human pathogens
Fatemeh Mangelian Zahra MasoumAlinejadObjectives: alfalfa with the scientific name Medicago sativa is the most important fodder plant in Iran and many parts of the world. This plant is known as the queen of fodder plants due to its high nutritional value and the possibility of planting in different climates MoreObjectives: alfalfa with the scientific name Medicago sativa is the most important fodder plant in Iran and many parts of the world. This plant is known as the queen of fodder plants due to its high nutritional value and the possibility of planting in different climates. The aim of the current research is to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria from alfalfa roots and investigate their antagonistic effects on human pathogenic bacteria.Materials and methods: The sterilized alfalfa root pieces, after being crushed, were cultured in Tyoglycollate Broth and Muller Hinton Broth liquid culture media for enrichment. After liquid cultures, culture was done on Muller Hinton agar, eosin methylene blue and McConkey agar. Endophytic bacteria were identified by gram staining method and biochemical tests. The antagonistic activity of isolated bacteria was investigated by steric crossing and bilayer methods. From the bacteria with antagonistic effects, DNA extraction was performed and with the use of universal primer, 16SrRNA gene was amplified. The PCR product was sequenced and a phylogeny tree was drawn.Findings: The results showed that alfalfa endophyte bacteria had antagonistic activity and finally, two endophytes were investigated in terms of molecular identity, which belonged to Enterobacter and Pseudomonas genera.Conclusions: Based on the results, endophytic bacteria have a great diversity and significant antibacterial effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Antibacterial activity of Butia odorata extracts against pathogenic bacteria
Darla Maia Bianca Aranha Fabio Chaves Wladimir Silva -
Open Access Article
5 - Green waste: A fresh approach to antimicrobial compounds
Ruchita Haldar Suresh Kumar Manukonda -
Open Access Article
6 - Identification of fungal pathogens on Banana (Musa acuminata) in Sistan & Bluchestan province
Majid AmaniIn this study, identification of fungal pathogens of banana trees (Musaacuminate L.) in Sistan & Bluchestan province during 2005-2007 was studied. After observed of disease symptoms, infected tissues were collected and cultured. For isolation of fungi from diseased MoreIn this study, identification of fungal pathogens of banana trees (Musaacuminate L.) in Sistan & Bluchestan province during 2005-2007 was studied. After observed of disease symptoms, infected tissues were collected and cultured. For isolation of fungi from diseased samples, small pieces of leaf, corm, pseudostem and fruit were surface sterilized with 5% hypochlorite sodium and then were cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium contaning lactic acid. The growing colonies of fungi were purified by single spore and hyphal tip methods. Based on the morphological characters and pathogenicity test the fungi were identified as Colletotrichum musae,Aspergillus carnenus, Acremonium sp., Fuasarium verticillioides, F. semitectum, F. subglutinans, F. sambucinum and Musicillium theobromae causing fruit disease while F. oxysporum, Cylidrocarpon sp. and Rhisoctonia solani causing corm and root disease whereas, Alternaria alternate, Drechslera gigantean and Fusarium proliferatum causing leaf disease. This is the first report of occurrence of these fungi in banana trees in Sistan & Bluchestan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Phage therapy and its application in plant diseases control
Fatemeh SamieiBacteriophage refers to viruses that specifically infect bacteria.that are mainly used in medicine and veterinary medicine and have recently been considered for control diseases. The use of phages in the biocontrol strategy of plant pathogens is due to their ability t MoreBacteriophage refers to viruses that specifically infect bacteria.that are mainly used in medicine and veterinary medicine and have recently been considered for control diseases. The use of phages in the biocontrol strategy of plant pathogens is due to their ability to kill bacteria, as well as the observation of phages in the same bacterial host environment, the possibility of being combined with other bactericides and having a relatively low price. Although there are considerable doubts about the use of bacteriophages as effective biological control agents But the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and possibility of transferring antibiotic resistance to human pathogens and the emergence of copper-tolerant strains among plant bacteria have led to a renewed desire to control disease based on bacteriophages . So far, phage therapy has been successfully used against agents such as bacterial spot of mushrooms, beans leaf spot,soft rot , but the advantage of phages over antibiotics for treating pathogens is their ability to mutate . The major problem of phage-based biological control is the conversion of successful laboratory experiments into effective control methods against the pathogen at the field level. For this purpose, it is necessary to gain a complete understanding of the ecology and the complex host-phage interaction in different plant environments in order to maximize the use of phages as a biocontrol method. In this article, an attempt has been made to review the potential of bacteriophages in the biological control of plant pathogens and introduce its advantages and challenges Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Phage therapy and its application in plant diseases control
Fatemeh SamieiBacteriophage refers to viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Bacteriophages are mainly used in medicine and veterinary medicine and have recently been considered for the control of plant diseases. The use of phages in the biocontrol strategy of plant pathogens is MoreBacteriophage refers to viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Bacteriophages are mainly used in medicine and veterinary medicine and have recently been considered for the control of plant diseases. The use of phages in the biocontrol strategy of plant pathogens is due to their ability to kill bacteria, as well as the observation of phages in the same bacterial host environment, which indicates their ability to survive in the same host environment. Phages have been used as a part of the integrated management of diseases due to their easy and convenient use, the possibility of being combined with other bactericides or alternating use with pesticides, and having a relatively low price. Although there are considerable doubts about the use of bacteriophages as effective biological control agents, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the concern about the possibility of transferring antibiotic resistance from plant pathogens to human pathogens and the emergence of copper-tolerant strains among plant bacteria have led to a renewed desire to control disease based on bacteriophages in modern agriculture. So far, phage therapy has been successfully used against agents such as bacterial spot of edible mushrooms (Pseudomonas tolasi), bacterial leaf spot of mango beans, soft rot caused by Pectobacterium species, apple and pear blight (Erwinia amylovora), potato scab (Streptomyces scabies), geranium bacterial blight (Xantomonas hortorum pv. Pelargonii), tomato bacterial spot (Xantomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria) have been used. It is true that bacteria can become resistant to phages in a manner similar to that seen in antibiotics, but the advantage of phages over antibiotics for treating pathogens is their ability to mutate and infect new hosts. The major problem of phage-based biological control is the conversion of successful laboratory experiments into effective control methods against the pathogen at the field level. For this purpose, it is necessary to gain a complete understanding of the ecology and the complex host-phage interaction in different plant environments in order to maximize the use of phages as a biocontrol method. In this article, an attempt has been made to review the potential of bacteriophages in the biological control of plant pathogens and introduce its advantages and challenges Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The probiotic and antagonistic properties of isolated lactobacilli from the intestine of free-range chickens from southwest and northwest of Iran
M. R. M. Hashemi R. Seighalani H. Alaie KordghashlaghiProbiotics as a replacement for growth promoter antibiotics and foodborne pathogens bio-control strategy are attractive in the broiler chicken industry and improve consumer food safety. This research was designed to investigate the probiotic properties of lactic acid ba MoreProbiotics as a replacement for growth promoter antibiotics and foodborne pathogens bio-control strategy are attractive in the broiler chicken industry and improve consumer food safety. This research was designed to investigate the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of local domestic chickens in Iran. In this study, the persistence of 216 lactic acid bacteria isolates was investigated to acid and bile and 13 superior isolates were selected to be identified using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Afterward, the ability of 13 selected lactobacilli isolates to control foodborne pathogens was studied. The results of the 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that all isolates belonged to the Lactobacillus species. Of the 13 isolates, 7, 3 and 3 isolates belonged to Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus salivarius,respectively. All of these isolates were able to tolerate pH= 3 for 3 hours and 0.3% bile salts. Three isolates belonging to L. salivarius were more effective to inhibit common Zoonotic bacteria. This study revealed that the in vitro favorable probiotic potential in some isolated lactobacilli from the native chicken digestive tract from Iran, introduce them as good candidates in probiotic supplements to improve food safety of consumer after conducting in vivo tests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Antimicrobial Effect of aqueous extract of saffron petals on some of food-borne bacterial pathogen
لیلا Azami علیرضا Babapour میثم GarechahiEver-increasing public debates over the adverse effects that may result from exposure to the chemical preservatives have enhanced the interests for the consuming of preservative-free foods or at least the product containing natural preservatives. In this laboratory expe MoreEver-increasing public debates over the adverse effects that may result from exposure to the chemical preservatives have enhanced the interests for the consuming of preservative-free foods or at least the product containing natural preservatives. In this laboratory experiment, the antimicrobial effect of aqueous extracts of Saffron petals against Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated using the disk diffusion method. Moreover, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extract was assessed by agar dilution and broth microdilution method. According to the results, S. typhimurium was found asthe most sensitive, while, S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7asthe most resistant species. MICs of the extract by microdilution method were estimated at 40 mg/ml for all of the 4 bacterial species. The results also revealed that the extract of Saffron petals could be used as a natural preservative against the aforementioned bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Antimicrobial effects of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Phytolacca americana L. ethanolic extracts against human bacterial pathogens in the habitat of northern Iran
Nazila Rezanezhad Roghayeh Oskoueiyan Rabee Izadi AmoliMedicinal plants can be a good alternative to antibiotics by producing antimicrobial compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Phytolacca americana L. ethanolic leaf extract on several nosocomial pathoge MoreMedicinal plants can be a good alternative to antibiotics by producing antimicrobial compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Phytolacca americana L. ethanolic leaf extract on several nosocomial pathogenic strains. Plant leaves were collected from the forests of Amol city in the spring of 2016. The extract was extracted by Soxhlet extractor method and then their antibacterial activity at concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml on Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Staphylococcus aureus were studied by disk diffusion and well dilution methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were also determined. The highest inhibition zone diameter in the both disk diffusion and well dilution methods was found at concentrations of 200 mg/ml of each plant extract. In the disk diffusion method, R. pseudoacacia extract had highest inhibitory effect on P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris with a growth inhibition zone diameter of 24.67 mm, while P. Americana extract had the highest effect on S. aureus with 27.67 mm. In the well dilution method, R. pseudoacacia extract had the highest inhibition zone diameter on P. mirabilis (24.67 mm), whereas P. Americana showed highest inhibition zone diameter on S. aureus (24.3 mm). The MIC and MBC values of R. pseudoacacia extract was determined at 25 and 50 mg/ml concentrations for P. vulgaris, S. aureus and S. sanguis, and 50 and 100 mg/ml for P. mirabilis. The MIC and MBC values of P. Americana extract was 25 and 50 mg/ml for P. mirabilis, S. aureus and S. sanguis, and 50 and 100 mg/ml for P. vulgaris, respectively. Therefore, based on the results R. pseudoacacia and P. Americana ethanolic extracts had acceptable antimicrobial effect, especially at 200 mg/ml, against some important bacterial pathogens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - A study on the antibacterial effects of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on some food borne pathogens
Hossein Motamedi سید منصور سیدنژاد اسماعیل داراب پورControl of food borne diseases is a major concern and due undesirable side effects of chemical preservatives, there is more tendencies to natural preservatives such as spices for this purpose. Saffron is the most expensive spice that is is used as coloring and flavoring MoreControl of food borne diseases is a major concern and due undesirable side effects of chemical preservatives, there is more tendencies to natural preservatives such as spices for this purpose. Saffron is the most expensive spice that is is used as coloring and flavoring agent in foods. The aim of the present study was investigate antibacterial effects of hydro alcoholic extracts of saffron against pathogenic bacteria especially food poisoning species. For this purpose, one gram of finely powdered saffron was mixed with 10 ml of 2:8 (v/v) water- alcohol (ethanol or methanol) solution and mixed gently. Following incubation at room temperature, the suspension was centrifuged and the extract of saffron was harvested and dried. Sterile blank discs were saturated with extracts and their effects were evaluated in standard disc diffusion assay against six gram positive and six gram negative bacterial species. Simultaneously, the effect of standard antibiotics was evaluated against tested bacteria. The results revealed that Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Brucella melitensis were the most susceptible species to ethanolic and methanolic extracts of saffron while Proteus mirabilis and Salmonella Typhi were resistant. The antibacterial effects of extracts were noticeable with regard to the standard antibiotics. All of the susceptible species in this study are important food borne pathogens and it is possible to use saffron as a natural preservative in food industry in order to control food borne pathogens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - شناسایی قارچ های جدیدی جداشده از گونه های شمشاد در استان گیلان
محمرضا صفری مطلق سیده زهرا بایگانشمشاد با نام علمی Euonymus spp. یکی از مهم­ترین گیاهان زینتی است. عوامل بیماری­زای قارچی گیاهی از مهم­ترین عوامل ایجاد خسارت هستند. در این تحقیق دو گونه از قارچ­های بیماری­زا از گونه­های شمشاد آلوده طبیعی جدا گردید و مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت. Moreشمشاد با نام علمی Euonymus spp. یکی از مهم­ترین گیاهان زینتی است. عوامل بیماری­زای قارچی گیاهی از مهم­ترین عوامل ایجاد خسارت هستند. در این تحقیق دو گونه از قارچ­های بیماری­زا از گونه­های شمشاد آلوده طبیعی جدا گردید و مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت. به منظور جداسازی قارچ از بافت­های بیمار، نمونه­های جمع­آوری شده روی محیط کشت PDA کشت داده شدند. جدایه­ها برای اسپورزایی روی محیط کشت آگار کشت داده شدند. ویژگی­های مورفولوژیکی به متظور شناسایی تاکسونومیکی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. بر اساس نتایج، جدایه­ها به Colletotrichum gloeosporioides و Phoma sp.تعلق داشتند. آزمایش بیماری­زایی جدایه ها در دسیکاتور انجام گرفت و سطوحی از بیماری­زایی این قارچ­ها و توانایی شان به ایجاد سوختگی برگی روی گونه­های شمشاد آشکار گردید. این واکنش در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 8 تیمار و سه تکرار انجام شد. بر اساس جدول تجزیه واریانس در ارزیابی شدت بیماری، گونه­های شمشاد مورد مطالعه واکنش معنی­داری به Colletotrichum gloeosporioides و. Phoma spنشان ندادند. اما بر اساس اندازه و تیپ لکه­های ظاهر شده روی گونه­های شمشاد و سیستم هورسفال – بارات، گیاهان به­وسیله .Phoma sp بیشتر از C. gloeosporioides تحت تاثیر قرار گرفتند، یعنی شدت بیماری این قارچ بیشتر بود و گیاهان تحمل کمتری نشان دادند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Evaluation of oligonucleotide microarray technology for the detection of foodborne bacterial pathogens
Meysam Sarshar Abbas Doosti Anis Jafari Nader ShahrokhiBackground and Objectives: Traditional methods for detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, which cause disease in human, are time consuming and laborious, so there is a necessity for developing a reliable and powerful method for the rapid detection of microbial path MoreBackground and Objectives: Traditional methods for detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, which cause disease in human, are time consuming and laborious, so there is a necessity for developing a reliable and powerful method for the rapid detection of microbial pathogens in food. The aim of this study, is designing primers to amplify the DNA encoding the 23S rDNA genes from a wide range of bacterial species and tested the ability and efficiency of 23S rDNA sequence to detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Materials and methods: The 23S rDNA sequences of 9 foodborne pathogenic bacterial species based on the GenBank DNA sequence database were used to design oligonucleotide probes by Vector NTI software. Oligonucleotide probes for each bacterial species (total 28 probes) were designed and applied to nitrocellulose membranes. Digoxigeni (DIG) labeled 23S rDNAs were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from bacteria using two universal primers, and were hybridized to the membrane array. Results: Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysantria, Staphylococcus aurues, Salmonella enterica, Proteus vulgaris, and Bacillus cereus were used as the most common foodborne pathogens and results showed that except Shigella dysantria, the others can be detected and identified by our microarrays. The sensitivity of the microarray assay was 103 CFU of bacteria. Conclusion: This study showed that 23S rDNA has sufficient sequence diversity for species identification and is useful for monitoring the populations of pathogenic bacteria. Thus, the oligonucleotide microarray is a powerful tool for the rapid detection and identification of pathogens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Bacterial Species as Causative Agents Involved in Pistachios Dieback in Iran
Elham Tavasoli Mohammad Moradi Nader Hasanzadeh Pejman Khodaygan Claudia Probst -
Open Access Article
16 - The role of nanobiosensors in identifying pathogens and environmental hazards
Ramin Mohammadi Aloucheh Yousef Alaee Mollabashi Asadollah Asadi Ozlem baris Somayeh Gholamzadeh
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024