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Open Access Article
1 - A Comparative Study of Prayer in the Military Poems of Ganjavi and Jamil Sedghi Al-Zahawi
Khaled Hefzi Abdolamir Al-Tamimi Mehrdad AghaeiIn the Persian literature, Iranian and non-Iranian poets and writers, citing the order of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) who said: "everything must be started in the name of God", have long written their poems and writings in the name of the Lord of the worlds, and praising Hi MoreIn the Persian literature, Iranian and non-Iranian poets and writers, citing the order of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) who said: "everything must be started in the name of God", have long written their poems and writings in the name of the Lord of the worlds, and praising His greatness and generosity. In Arabic literature, old and new poets have prayed to the Lord of the universe in their poems. Nezami Ganjavi, one of the greatest poets of Persian literature, at the beginning of his Masnavi, has dedicated many verses to praise and supplication to God. The Iraqi poet, Jamil Sedghi al-Zahawi also mentions God in a scattered manner in the margins of his divan, but in the final part of the divan, he devotes an ode to prayer and supplication to God only. The purpose of this study is to have a comparative study of prayers and supplications and their content in the poems of Nezami Ganjavi and Jamil Sedghi Alzheimer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Checking the Qalandarh in nezami lyric poems
vahid alibaygi sarhali zeynab nawruziLyric is a common format for expressing the themes of love and mysticism. Sometimes the poet uses this poem to criticize the community. In the meantime, the nezami is one of the poets who, with the revelation of the content and content of the lyric, express their fundam MoreLyric is a common format for expressing the themes of love and mysticism. Sometimes the poet uses this poem to criticize the community. In the meantime, the nezami is one of the poets who, with the revelation of the content and content of the lyric, express their fundamental and critical concepts to the hypocrites of Sufis and eremites. This reminds us of the Qur'anic poetry. Poetry qalandaraneh with the Sanayee, and after the nezami, the idea of Hafez and Attar is perfected. In this regard, the kezami introduces new values to the society of its age by describing wine and persuading audiences to wine and wine, which opens up a new way in the field of critical literature by breaking the repentance and opposition of holy and unholy places. By rejecting the manifestations of shari'a and criticizing false Sufism, he pretends to worship and preach the preachers and Sufis who, with Rand and the Qalandar of his reading, separate his path from the wool. The nezami, using stylistic stories on the themes of the Qalandari, inviting for happiness and happiness, used the vibrant weight in sonnets to highlight the contents of the Qalandar in his poems and to present himself as a poet of the kingdom among other poets of this genre of critical poetry. Which is a real and hidden secret of the khumsah. This research has been conducted with an analytical method and descriptive evidence, for example, of the lyric Divan, in order to introduce a systemic and critical thought to him along with other Qalandar scholars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A Study of the Typology of the Treaty and the Representation of its Functions in Nezami Ganjavi’s Khamseh
Samaneh Vatandoost Hassan Bassak Reza AshrafzadehKhamseh of Nezami Ganjavi includes various collections in the types of lyrical, mystical, moral, etc. literature. In each of the works, the poet deals with issues according to the audience's understanding and insight and describes some of the beliefs and rituals of huma MoreKhamseh of Nezami Ganjavi includes various collections in the types of lyrical, mystical, moral, etc. literature. In each of the works, the poet deals with issues according to the audience's understanding and insight and describes some of the beliefs and rituals of human society, especially Iran. One of these rituals is covenanting and swearing, which sometimes has a two-dimensional aspect in the military intellectual structure and sometimes stops at the superstructure level. In the present study, with reference to library resources and descriptive-analytical method, the types of treaties and their functions in Khamseh of Nezami have been explored and studied. The results show that at a general glance, treaties are divided into written and unwritten categories. The written form includes a political and security pact, a marriage pact and a pact to retain power. The unwritten type has sub-branches which are: moral covenant (shame and loyalty), princely pact, motivational pact, cooperation pact, peace and subjugation pact, democracy pact, covenant pact, divine pact, secret pact and a pact of allegiance to the king. The diversity that exists in this category confirms that the pact in Khamseh of Nezami is beyond a purely social matter, and the categories of cognition and knowledge, moral and educational, political and security, religious and doctrinal, etc. are tied to it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Woman and Her Romantic Relationships In Nezami's Poetry and Sohrab Sepehri Poems
Ramin Khosravi EghbalThe purpose of this research was to compare the romantic relationships from the viewpoints of Nezami Ganjavi and Sohrab Sepehri, who belonged to the two different literary and historical periods of Iran country. The two poets had different attitudes toward romance in te MoreThe purpose of this research was to compare the romantic relationships from the viewpoints of Nezami Ganjavi and Sohrab Sepehri, who belonged to the two different literary and historical periods of Iran country. The two poets had different attitudes toward romance in terms of sociology, psychology and literature. The epistemic differences between the two poets had influenced their point of view toward moral and romantic relationships and shaped the recognition and definition of "woman". The applied method was a comparative and descriptive one, and was based on the works of the two poets concerned to romantic relationships. The findings showed that Nezami Ganjavi, according to personal and experiences of his own life, and social, economic and political conditions, reached a particular attitude toward woman and her relations as a personal style, and in other hand, Sohrab Sepehri regarding all components of modern life and his personal experiences had presented a unique viewpoint on romantic relationships. Eventually, the research concluded that the romantic relationships in Nezami’s lyrics stories has been often carnal and terrestrial so that the poet with a powerful tool in describing dramatic and imaginative, would take the readers to the feast, pleasure and jollity, while the ”love” in Sepehri’s poems had been limited to spiritual and mental aspects and we are facing an ethereal beloved in poet’s soul and worlds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - A Study on Stylistic Analysis of Nezami Ganjavi’s Poems
Seyyed Mahmoud Reza Gheibi Maryam Ebadi AsayeshUnderstanding and examining literary works is one of the significant features in determining the linguistic, literary, and intellectual parameters of that work. Being one of the prominent Persian poets, Nezami Ganjavi is the one whose poems especially in regard to Styli MoreUnderstanding and examining literary works is one of the significant features in determining the linguistic, literary, and intellectual parameters of that work. Being one of the prominent Persian poets, Nezami Ganjavi is the one whose poems especially in regard to Stylistics have many things to discuss. Examining Stylistic features, to some extent, one can understand his poetic structure and specify his position in the poetry and literature of Iran. The purpose of this study is understanding the Stylistic features of Nezami Ganjavi and reaching to his personal style at last. In this regard, the present study tries to derive the most significant linguistic, intellectual and literary features of his poems to present a better understanding of the poetry and style of the mentioned poet, systematically. In the preset study after examining the different samples from Nezami’s two books of poetryKhosroo and Shririn and Leyli and Majnoonusing descriptive and analytical method, Nezami’s outstanding characteristic of poems appeared which the most important were: the diversity of vocabulary used, poetic combinations, creating new concepts, didacticism, diversity of subjects, concerning different sciences, folklore and creating original imagery. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Some rhetorical delicacies in Nizami poems with a formalist approach
ziba esmaeili omid majdThe Nizami language in its poems is its prominent and unique language. Nizami has always tried to create new words with great care and avoid imitation of other poets. He is aware of the importance of poetic form and language, so he innovates and deconstructs his vocabul MoreThe Nizami language in its poems is its prominent and unique language. Nizami has always tried to create new words with great care and avoid imitation of other poets. He is aware of the importance of poetic form and language, so he innovates and deconstructs his vocabulary, literary arrays, and grammar, which is why his poetry linguistic prominence. The field of grammar and syntax is one of the areas of Nizami interest.In this descriptive-analytical method, this paper deals with the ways in which the Nizami has mastered grammar and has long been the flagship of linguistic creativity in Persian poetry.The results showed that some of the Nizami techniques for building syntactic capacities of the language and its visualization are: generating multiple meanings in the word with multiple readings, using hidden vocabulary delicacies, using the word syntax to create visual aesthetics and induction. The concept is to create verbal harmony and enhance the music of the poem, to disrupt the components of the sentence and to move the words and pronouns to emphasize and to harmonize, to displace the negative word, and to create impetus. For these purposes, he benefit from how words are aligned horizontally. It uses multipurpose words, and with the secondary meanings of the words, it creates your nuanced meanings. All of this has created her own rhetorical delicacies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A Comparative Study of Nezami's Leyla and Majnu and Khana Ghobadi's Leyla and Majnun
Jamal ahmadi Shno salemLeyla and Majnun is a long narrative poem which has it root among Arabs in the first century. The story went to other cultures very soon. Especially after the arrival of Muslim Arabs to promote Islamic thought, culture and studies including stories and anecdotes travell MoreLeyla and Majnun is a long narrative poem which has it root among Arabs in the first century. The story went to other cultures very soon. Especially after the arrival of Muslim Arabs to promote Islamic thought, culture and studies including stories and anecdotes travelled to other civilizations. Hakim Nezami Ganjavi (614- 530, H), originally Kurdish poet of the sixteen century, wrote Leyla and Majnun in Persian in 4700 lines. The story then imitated by many other Kurdish and Persian poets. Kaha Ghobadi (1191- 1115) wrote this story in Kurdish verse with Gorani dialect. The number of lines of this long narrative poem is 1644. Khana as a great poet of 12th century had his own narration of the same story. The writers of this study using an analytical- descriptive method seek to investigate the similarities and differences between the two works and the rate of impact of Nezami on Khana in writing Leyla and Majnun. The results show that Khana probably have used other sources of Kurdish oral literature beside Nezami's for writing Leyla and Majnun. The other minor result suggests that Nezami most probably have used other sources in his mother tongue along with Arabic texts and narrations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Exalted Beloved in Green Dome of Haft Peykar
Peiman Niknami Pooran YosefipoorLove is the most distinguished and the most infrequent concept with a huge reflection in art and literature. Love toward man, woman, mother, child, nature, religion and thoughts, motherland, liberty and … is tangible in each part of Persian literature. The love w MoreLove is the most distinguished and the most infrequent concept with a huge reflection in art and literature. Love toward man, woman, mother, child, nature, religion and thoughts, motherland, liberty and … is tangible in each part of Persian literature. The love which embraces all is the love to the only God. It gives human the power to know himself and it helps him evolve as much as possible. Mystical literature is about the love to the only God. Emotional literature is one of the areas in which adoring another person can be a way to evolve and achieve integrity. Haft peykar by Nezami Ganjavi is one of the pieces of emotional art which is a story of an earthly love at the surface but upon a deeper consideration of such stories in ancient analysis of the model and psychology, one can find out that the earthly love can get the hero of the story to the point of excellence and perfection. In this research, the story of the Green dome was studied with an emphasis on the exalted beloved and an introduction of Haft peykar and its theme. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Sociological Criticism of "Characters" Nezami Ganjavi’s Khosrow and Shirin
Mohammad amin Ehsani EstahbanatiThis article provides sociological criticism of characters in Nezami Ganjavi’s Khosrow and Shirin. Sociological criticism approach in the context of evaluating the components of social values, social interactions, social skills, social orientations, and social con MoreThis article provides sociological criticism of characters in Nezami Ganjavi’s Khosrow and Shirin. Sociological criticism approach in the context of evaluating the components of social values, social interactions, social skills, social orientations, and social control in characters of Shirin, Khosrow, Mahin Banu, Maryam, and Shekar in a classified way, and in each case, based on poetic evidence extracted from Khosrow and Shirin, analysis and comparison is performed. The findings of this article show that wisdom and self-esteem are the gifts granted to girls and women of Khosrow and Shirin through free social space and realistic overlook the society has over women. Moreover, Nezami was under the influence of various social stimuli that is clearly manifested in developing the characters in Khosrow and Shirin. However, it should be noted that the internal process of this perspective is related to the internal worldview of Nezami as a wise poet. Therefore, in sociology of characters in Khosrow and Shirin, there is a mediate as worldview between social realities and artistic creation of Nezami. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Combining Epic literature and Didactic Literature in Nezami Ganjavi's Iskandarnāmeh
Shirzad Tayefi Hossein YaseriIn the world literature generally and Iranian literature particularly, literary works are divided into four types, i.e. epic, didactic, lyric and dramatic literature based upon their thought and content. Some literary texts, including poetry and prose, are single-genre; MoreIn the world literature generally and Iranian literature particularly, literary works are divided into four types, i.e. epic, didactic, lyric and dramatic literature based upon their thought and content. Some literary texts, including poetry and prose, are single-genre; however, some texts have emerged which combine two or more different literary genres and they accompany each other and through this accompaniment they have been able to provide sources for literary text researches. The common feature of the two is their struggle against the incompatibilities: one from without the other from within and finally establishing an ideal society. One form of combining genres is mingling epic literature and didactic literature. Through descriptive-analytical method and by relying on the library studies based upon inductive method, this research attempt to re-read the intergenrality of epic literature and didactic literature in Iskandarnāmeh. The purpose of this paper is to explain the features, differences, commonalities of these two genres in Iskandarnāmeh, and also the intersection of these two genre in this literary work. One of the achievements of combining epic and didactic genres is that they complement each other. Epic literature (e.g. Sharafnāmeh) often focuses on human's will, but didactic literature (e.g. Iqbālnāmeh) addresses wisdom and awareness and while epic literature insists on objectivity (managing governmental affairs) and didactic literature (moral concepts) insists on subjectivity. The ultimate cause of both literary genres is to lay the groundwork for peace and tranquility, one in the external level and the other in the internal or spiritual level to establish Nizami Ganjavi's desired utopia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Review of Romances in Persian and Arabic (Case study: Leyli and Majnun Nizami)
shahram edalatishahiIn Persian literature, to express lyrical and romantic themes, along with the form of sonnet, it is also common to use romantic verses. Storytelling is one of the types that was noticed very early in Persian poetry. At the end of the 6th century, the order of romantic s MoreIn Persian literature, to express lyrical and romantic themes, along with the form of sonnet, it is also common to use romantic verses. Storytelling is one of the types that was noticed very early in Persian poetry. At the end of the 6th century, the order of romantic stories reached its perfection by Nizami Ganjavi. He arranged some famous stories of his time and the performances of this poet were so skillful that most of the composers of romantic verses, knowingly or not, have been influenced by his style and manner of storytelling. One of his brilliant poems is Leyli and Majnun, whose origin should be sought in Arab literature. This story has been imitated many times by poets in different languages. The Eastern world has known the tragic story of Leyli and Majnoon in its literature since ancient times. Over the years, this story has inspired dozens of great poets in the creation of fantastic poems, and it is still reflected in the works of poets, writers, playwrights and musicians of different nations of the East. Undoubtedly, the origin of this story belongs to the Arabs and its history goes back to the end of the 7th century AD. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Studying the Stories of " The Makhzanol Asrar " from Nezami Ganjavi with Incipient Structural Critical Approach by Lucien Goldmann
Fatemeh Hajati Bardmili Ziba EsmailiAbstract Lucien Goldmann introduces every literary work as a meaningful structure which is under the impact of its socio-economic problems in its own time. The true creator of a work is not an individual but the representative MoreAbstract Lucien Goldmann introduces every literary work as a meaningful structure which is under the impact of its socio-economic problems in its own time. The true creator of a work is not an individual but the representative of the social group which the creator is one of its creative member. The Makhzanol Asrar has three distinct parts, each of which has meaningful structure. This research studies the current problems of its time with library method and descriptive-analytic approach about Nezami's military stance on the contemporary problems.To attain this aim, we initially explain the fundamental implications of incipient criticism of Lucien Goldmann, later on the stories which are investigable are selected and in two-level process they are explained; that's, having grasped the internal structure of each story, the generality of the work together with the comprehensive foundations of the time of composing are connected with each other and adducing to the historical resources the results of the studies showed that the view point of mystic-protesting of social groups of military was deviated from the fundamental social reality of its time and chaotic situation from the feudalism in Iran in the era of the Saljuques ( injustice, cruelty, massacre , plunder and leading the policy toward religion ) has encompassed the soul of the stories of the Makhzanol Asrar like a halo. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Content Analysis and Criticism of Makhzan al-asrar
Khorshid NourouziMakhzan al-asrar is the first of the fifth treasures of Nezami Ganjavi whose enormous semantic ambiguities and sophistications challenged many scholars to comment and interpret its verses. In this article attempt is made to criticize and analyze the contents of co MoreMakhzan al-asrar is the first of the fifth treasures of Nezami Ganjavi whose enormous semantic ambiguities and sophistications challenged many scholars to comment and interpret its verses. In this article attempt is made to criticize and analyze the contents of commentaries written on this masterpiece. In addition to familiarizing the reader with the complex verses of this Masnavi, compiling and evaluating different shades of meanings explained by the commentators, correcting the errors made in the paraphrasing of some verses, selecting the most correct meaning of verses, and also recognizing the source of discord between commentators’ point of views reflected in their commentaries on Makhzan al-asrar are purposes of this article. Manuscript profile
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