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Open Access Article
1 - The Study of Public Perception about Intellectual Current Categories of Temporary Architecture
sajad damyar Zeinab DamyarIn this paper, with a different perspective, the understanding of people (common people and architectural specialists) of "Contemporary Iranian Architecture" term was analyzed. For this purpose, at first definitions and characteristics that have been described by theore MoreIn this paper, with a different perspective, the understanding of people (common people and architectural specialists) of "Contemporary Iranian Architecture" term was analyzed. For this purpose, at first definitions and characteristics that have been described by theoreticians of Iranian contemporary architecture for Iranian architecture were overviewed and an intern structural classification of those definitions was provided based on logical reasoning research method using fundamental components of definitions to specify the position of this study. Later, focusing on four intellectual movements classified by Habibi (2006) in "Description of Intellectual Movements of Architecture and Urban engineering in Contemporary Iran" Book: (fundamentalism, traditionalism, modernism-vernacularism and mannerism), the peoples' understanding of these distinguishes and its general validity were assessed. For this purpose, two specified semantic components of each one of these classifications were extracted and mixed with each other (total eight components). Thereafter, two images of architecture related to each category were selected. These images were offered in a survey study to two groups of audiences for assessment including common audiences and professional architects, based on quantitative method and semantic differentiation technique, using eight semantic components. To use the components in semantic differentiation table, agreed and opponent item of each one of components was provided in a table. This study was applied with the objective of specifying if selections of audiences are close to the main classifications or not, secondly specifying the significance of disagreement of two audience groups (professional architect and common audience) statistically and specifying the closeness of ideas of each one of classes to the characteristics claimed in the main theory of this classification. Nowadays, it is discussed on Iranian architecture or Islamic architecture and there are very agreements and disagreements in this relation. Basically, Iranian architecture is attributed to historical architecture; whether if Iranian architecture is supposed excluded to those models or something arising from principles and structures stipulated herein. Its history also may be assumed different. For instance, the architecture related to a period that Iran was very powerful in governing and conquest and what remained from this era as monuments are supposed as monuments remained as Iranian symbols and models and use of those symbols whether symbolically or functionally is assumed as Iranian architecture. Another group assume the Iranian architecture containing principles which have been applied as basis for definition of Iranian architecture and these principles may be represented referring to the history and instances of Iranian traditional architecture. In all of them, the instance of Iranian architecture and what is assumed as Iranian-being is relied on the opinion of specialists, but it is not very obvious that if common people can understand the Iranian nature of architecture with these instances and principles. Thus, in this paper, the subject of Iranian architecture definitions is analyzed with a different viewpoint and as perspective of audiences except specialists which are presented in two theoretical (analysis of Iranian architecture and revision of Iranian architecture definitions) and practical parts (field survey, analyzing that concept practically and comparison of common and professional architects' opinions). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Spectrophotometric Determination of Hg2+ after Solid Phase Extraction on Microcrystalline Naphthalene
M. Reza Shishehbore Navid Nasirizadeh A. Mohammad Akhoundi -
Open Access Article
3 - The survey of Phothocatalytic degradation of naphthalene by TiO2 doped with Nitrogen-Sulfur and Phosphor under visible light
Bahman Banaei Farhang Tirgir Amir hessam Hassani Abdolmajid Fadaei Seyd Mehdi BorgheiBackground and Objective: Naphthalene is one of the toxic and dangerous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for human and the environment, and it is necessary to remove it from the environment. The aim of this research is to investigate the phothocatalytic degradati MoreBackground and Objective: Naphthalene is one of the toxic and dangerous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for human and the environment, and it is necessary to remove it from the environment. The aim of this research is to investigate the phothocatalytic degradation of naphthalene from aqueous environments using two nanocatalysts TiO2-N, S/SiO2 and TiO2-P/SPA under visible light in the presence of Oxygen. Material and Methodology: This research was done in year 2019. In this research, two phothocatalysts TiO2-N, S/SiO2 and TiO2-P/SPA were synthesized by sol-gel method and they were used to remove Naphthalene from the aqueous environments under visible light and in the presence of Oxygen. The Effect of various parameters including the initial concentrations of naphthalene, pH, contact time were investigated, and the structure of these nanoparticles was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive ray (EDAX) image and UV-Vis differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) analysis. Findings: SEM image showed the nanoparticle size of synthetic phothocatalysts to be 10 to 20 nm and, the thickness of the phothocatalyst thin layer TiO2-N, S and TiO2-P on the microspheres was 698.68 nm and 1.73 µm, respectively. DRS analysis indicated that the energy band gap of both phothocatalysts has become narrower than TiO2 and their phothocatalytic activity has been transferred to the visible light region. In the optimal conditions of Naphthalene removal, the values of pH, time, Naphthalene concentration, and removal efficiency were obtained for TiO2-N, S equal to 5, 50, 25, 94.23% and for TiO2-P equal to 5, 40, 25, 97.39%, respectively (Pv<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: These photocatalysts can be used as a new, effective and practical method in the treatment of water and wastewater from industrials containing Naphthalene under sunlight and visible light. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Efficiency of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in TPH Adsorption in Aqueous Solution (Case study: Naphthalene)
sahere fazlollahi Amir Hesam Hassani Mehdi Borghei Hamidreza PourzamaniAbstract Background and Objective: Oil pollution is a type of organic water pollution. The hydrocarbons constitute most of the petroleum composition. Most of the early aromatic hydrocarbons are naphthalene with two benzene ring which cause anemia and damage the retina. MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Oil pollution is a type of organic water pollution. The hydrocarbons constitute most of the petroleum composition. Most of the early aromatic hydrocarbons are naphthalene with two benzene ring which cause anemia and damage the retina. It is also toxic to plants and aquatic environment. The removal of this compound from water by multi-walled carbon nanotubes is reviewed in this study. Method: This experimental study was done in a batch system to investigate the effects of variations factors such as contact time, naphthalene concentration and dose of nanotubes on removal of naphthalene. In this study, naphthalene concentration was determined during various steps using UV-vis spectrophotometer at 254 nm. Findings: Maximum surface adsorption of naphthalene onto multi-walledcarbon nanotubes was 33.3 mg/gr and the maximum adsorption occurred at acidic pH (pH =3). And the appropriate time for reaching the maximum adsorption rate of naphthalene and equalization state was 90 min. By increasing the adsorbent dose from 0.2 to 0.3 gr / l, removal efficiency of naphthalene solution with 10 mg/l initial concentration increased from 97% to 99.99%. By increasing naphthalene initial concentration from 3 to 10 mg/l, the removal efficiency increased from 73.33% to 99.99 % at pH=3 after 90 min. Adsorption mechanism followed pseudo first-order kinetics (R2=0.96). Discussion and Conclusion: This adsorbent could be effective for removal of naphtalene due to its small size, large surface area , crystal shape and exclusive network arrangement and consequently very high reactivity and noticeable performance of multi-walled carbon nanotubes as adsorbent in removal of organic pollutants from aqueous solution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Efficient synthesis of benzo[a] pyrano[3,2-c] phenazine in solvent-free conditions using butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid catalyst
Hossein Naeimi Mahsa KhorasaniIn this research, the condensation of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione, malononitrile, aromatic aldehydes, and ortho-phenylenediamine was carried out for green synthesis of benzo[a]pyrano[3,2-c]phenazine under solvent-free conditions. This reaction was catalyzed using ion MoreIn this research, the condensation of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione, malononitrile, aromatic aldehydes, and ortho-phenylenediamine was carried out for green synthesis of benzo[a]pyrano[3,2-c]phenazine under solvent-free conditions. This reaction was catalyzed using ionic liquid, butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as a base catalyst with simple reaction condition and easy separation of products. The products were obtained in high to excellent yields and reaction time between 15 to 25 minutes. All products were identified by melting point, FT-IR and 1H NMR techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Mix Design Selection For Old and New Generation of SuprePlasticizers
Navid Afshari Seiyed Ali Haj Seiyed Taghia -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigating in vitro culture of Abu Jahl watermelon plant Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad
سورمه Qara Matrosyan مهلقا GhorbanliIn this research, the determination of the best cultivation environment for stem organogenesis and the selection of the most suitable cultivar from Abu Jahl watermelon seeds have been studied. In order to obtain sterile roasted seeds, the inhibition of the seed shell wa MoreIn this research, the determination of the best cultivation environment for stem organogenesis and the selection of the most suitable cultivar from Abu Jahl watermelon seeds have been studied. In order to obtain sterile roasted seeds, the inhibition of the seed shell was removed in concentrated sulfuric acid for 20 minutes. After washing with sterile distilled water, the seeds were transferred to a sterile culture medium. 20 days later, small pieces (cotyledon, terminal bud, cotyledon axis and root) were prepared from the roasted seeds and transferred to MS medium with different hormone treatments. All isolated cultures produced callus, and only the terminal bud treated with IAA and quintine equal to 1 mg in relitertolide produced callus, then it was differentiated into bud and branch. To determine the most suitable cultivation environment; Two cultivation environments were considered. MS basic culture medium with IAA and quintine treatment equal to 1 mg and MS basic culture medium, vitamin 2 equal to MS basic medium and benzyl aminopurine treatment 2 mg/liter along with naphthalene acetic acid 0.1 mg/liter. The terminal bud was separated from the sterile culture medium and placed in these two culture mediums. The design was based on a completely random block. Data collection was done in four stages. The ability to produce callus in the culture medium treated with benzyl aminopurine along with naphthalene acetic acid was higher than in the culture medium of IAA and quintine. In the cultivation environment with IAA and quintine treatment with equal amounts, branching and increase in the length of the branches were significant. In the culture medium, treatment with benzyl aminopurine along with naphthalene acetic acid caused the differentiation of callus into branches, but branching and increasing the length of branches were not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Substituent effect on the stability and electronic properties of naphthalene and azulene: A computational investigation
Reza Jafari Reza Ghiasi Bita Mohtat -
Open Access Article
9 - ریز ازدیادی (کشت درون شیشه) کلیماتیس (Clematis orientalis L)
علی ایزدی صادق آبادی احمد خلیقی عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی مرضیه تقی پوردهکردیمقدمه و هدف: کلیماتیس از گیاهان زینتی و دارویی است که تکثیر و ازدیاد آن از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در این پژوهش اثر تنظیمکننده های رشد بر ریشه زایی و رشد گیاه در شرایط کشت درون شیشهای بررسی گردید. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی ریز ازدیادی کلیماتیس تأثیر هورمونهای &nbs Moreمقدمه و هدف: کلیماتیس از گیاهان زینتی و دارویی است که تکثیر و ازدیاد آن از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در این پژوهش اثر تنظیمکننده های رشد بر ریشه زایی و رشد گیاه در شرایط کشت درون شیشهای بررسی گردید. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی ریز ازدیادی کلیماتیس تأثیر هورمونهای NAA(نفتالین استیک اسید) در غلظتهای ( 0، 4/0، 5/0 و 6/0 میلیگرم در لیتر) وIBA (ایندول بوتیریک اسید) در غلظتهای ( 0، 4/0، 5/0 و 6/0 میلیگرم در لیتر) با استفاده از کشت ریز نمونه های جانبی و انتهایی در شرایط درون شیشهای حاوی محیط کشت پایه موراشیگی و اسکوگ (MS) بررسی گردید. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که غلظتهای مختلف اکسین بر رشد گیاهچههای درون شیشه معنیدار بود؛ به طوری که بیشترین درصد ریشه زایی و تعداد شاخه در گیاه شاهد مشاهده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که با اضافه نمودن هورمون به محیط کشت، ریشه زایی کاهش یافت. بیشترین کاهش با اضافه نمودن 6/0 میلی گرم در لیتر هورمون NAA به محیط کشت MS مشاهده گردید. هم­چنین استفاده از ریز نمونه های جانبی بر تعداد شاخه گیاه تأثیر معنی داری داشت و موجب افزایش تعداد شاخه گیاه گردید. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: نتایج این تحقیق تاثیر مثبت ریز نمونه های جانبی و محیط کشت بدون هورمون را در افزایش ریزازدیادی کلیماتیس نشان داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Et3N as a catalyst for the synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]chromene derivatives via three-component condensation reaction
Ali Sadeghi Ali Hossein Rezayan Ali Farajtabar -
Open Access Article
11 - Preparation, Characterization and, Activity of CoMo supported on Graphene for Heavy Naphtha Hydro-desulfurization reaction
Hameed Hussein Alwan Hasan Makki Tahseen A. Al-Hattab -
Open Access Article
12 - Cellulose sulfuric acid: an efficient biopolymer-based catalyst for the synthesis of 5H-dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-tetraones and spiro[dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-13,3'-indoline]-pentaones under solvent free conditions
Seyyedeh Cobra Azimi Hassan Kefayati -
Open Access Article
13 - Change in the content of bioactive pharmaceutical-industrial compounds under the influence of hormonal treatments In Euphorbia trigona Mill.
Hakimeh Rezayi Aryan Sateei Tahereh A. Aghajanzadeh Mehdi Ebadi -
Open Access Article
14 - اثر تنظیمکنندههای رشد، بستر کشت و نور در تولید سوخک سوسن رقم ꞋفوجیانꞋ با استفاده از روش فلسبرداری
ابوالفضل علی وردی داود عسگریسوسن از گل­های مهم در صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی می­باشد. این گل از دسته گیاهان سوخواره بوده که با استفاده از سوخ کشت می­گردد. کشت فلس از سریع­ ترین و اقتصادی­ترین روش­های ازدیاد سوخ لاله در بین سایر روش­ها به شمار می­رود. تولیدکنندگان سوخ گل Moreسوسن از گل­های مهم در صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی می­باشد. این گل از دسته گیاهان سوخواره بوده که با استفاده از سوخ کشت می­گردد. کشت فلس از سریع­ ترین و اقتصادی­ترین روش­های ازدیاد سوخ لاله در بین سایر روش­ها به شمار می­رود. تولیدکنندگان سوخ گل سوسن همواره با مشکلات متفاوتی در طی مراحل مختلف تولید مواجه می­شوند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف حل مشکلات مرحله اول ازدیاد سوخ از طریق فلس­برداری با دو آزمایش مجزا طراحی و اجرا گردید. در آزمایش اول چهار تیمار از دو نوع اکسین (ایندول- 3 - بوتیریک اسید و ایندول نفتالین استیک اسید در غلظت­های 250 و 500 میلی­گرم در لیتر) به همراه تیمار شاهد به­عنوان فاکتور اول و سه بستر کشت (کوکوپیت، کوکوپیت+پرلیت و پیت ماس سیاه) به­عنوان فاکتور دوم بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد بالاترین تعداد سوخک به ازای هر فلس (70/2) در تیمار 500 میلی­گرم در لیتر ایندول- 3 - بوتیریک اسید حاصل شد همچنین بالاترین مقدار وزن سوخک (81/0 گرم) و قطر سوخک (32/1 سانتیمتر) در تیمار شاهد حاصل گردید. نتایج بررسی اثر بسترهای کشت نشان داد بالاترین تعداد سوخک به ازای هر فلس (20/2)، وزن سوخک (71/0 گرم) و قطر سوخک (21/1 سانتیمتر) در بستر پیت ماس به­دست آمد. در آزمایش دوم، غلظت­های هورمونی فوق به­عنوان فاکتور اول و همچنین وجود یا عدم وجود نور به­عنوان فاکتور دوم مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد وجود یا عدم وجود نور در بسیاری از تیمارهای ارزیابی شده به جز قطر سوخک معنی دار نبوده و تنها قطر سوخک در عدم وجود نور افزایش پیدا کرد. پژوهش حاضر نشان داد در ازدیاد سوخ سوسن با استفاده از هورمون­های گیاهی می­توان برخی از صفات کمی و کیفت محصول را بهبود بخشید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - تأثیر نفتالین استیک اسید بر ریشه زایی پیاز گیاه سیکاس رولوتا
مهدی عسگری گورجاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی اثر نفتالین استیک اسید (NAA) (15، 10، 0 و 25 میلیگرم در لیتر) بر ریشهزایی پیاز گیاه سیکاس رولوتا (Cycas revolute) در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر NAA روی طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک برگ و کلروفیل معنیدا Moreاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی اثر نفتالین استیک اسید (NAA) (15، 10، 0 و 25 میلیگرم در لیتر) بر ریشهزایی پیاز گیاه سیکاس رولوتا (Cycas revolute) در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر NAA روی طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک برگ و کلروفیل معنیدار بود اما تاثیر معناداری بر تعداد ریشه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه نداشت. تیمارهای 25 و 20 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بهترتیب با 9/43 و 9/63 سانتیمتر بیشترین طول ریشه را داشتند. بیشترین تعداد ریشه بهترتیب با 3/57 و 3/23 ریشه متعلق به تیمارهای 25 و 20 NAA بود. تیمار 25 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بیشترین میانگین وزن تر (9/4 گرم) و وزن خشک ریشه (2/5 گرم) را داشت. تیمارهای 20 و 25 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بهترتیب با 6/04 و 6/54 گرم بیشترین وزن تر برگ، 25 و 20 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بهترتیب با 4/07 و 3/11 گرم بیشترین وزن خشک برگ و تیمارهای 20 و 25 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بهترتیب با 6/28 و 6/22 میلیگرم در هر گرم وزن تر بیشترین میزان کلروفیل را داشتند. بین وزن خشک برگ با میزان کلروفیل (0/78+) در سطح یک درصد رابطه معنیداری وجود داشت اما میان وزن خشک ریشه با میانگین طول ریشه (0/29+) رابطه معنیداری وجود نداشت. بین میزان کلروفیل با میانگین طول ریشه (0/13+) هیچ رابطه معنیداری وجود ندارد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که همیشه با افزایش غلظت هورمون، بیان ژن افزایش نیافته و این امکان وجود دارد که افزایش غلظت هورمون، حتی باعث اثر عکس بر روی گیاه و آسیب رسیدن به آن شود. بهطور کلی نتایج نشان داد مصرف 20 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA با تاثیر بر صفات مورد بررسی بیشترین بیان ژن را در گیاه سیکاس داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Effect of Thidiazuron and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on the Vase Life and Quality of Cut Alestroemeria hybrida
H. Bagheri S. SedaghathourAlstromeria is a new cut flower in Iran that due to the high performance, long life, and pretty flowers and colors diversity is highly regarded. Premature yellowing of leaves in cut flowersAlstromeria before petal fall is the most important factor limiting the vase life MoreAlstromeria is a new cut flower in Iran that due to the high performance, long life, and pretty flowers and colors diversity is highly regarded. Premature yellowing of leaves in cut flowersAlstromeria before petal fall is the most important factor limiting the vase life of flowers. To delay leaf yellowing and increased quality, factorial experiment based on completely randomized design carried out with the two factors thidiazuron (TDZ) (0, 10, 20 and 50 mg l-1) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0, 10 and 20 mg l-1). Results showed that the maximum vase life and the value of chlorophyll b were achieved (20 mg l-1 thidiazuron 20 mg l-1 NAA) and the most petals proteins was related to treatment 10 mg l-1 thidiazuron and 20 mg l-1 NAA. The most petals carotenoids and dry matter content and the least ethylene production was obtained in 10 mg l-1 TDZ and 10 mg l-1 NAA, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The effects of Cadmium nitrate and growth regulators in Phaseolus vulgaris L. tissue culture
Aida Taghizadeh ghavidel Ahmad Majd masome mirzaiCadmium is a heavy metal that it’s poisonous forms can naturally exist in soil or can enter to soil in following ways:by industrial activities,mine probing and agricultural fertilizers.Phaseolus vulgaris L.is one of the plants that can tolerate poison of cadmium a MoreCadmium is a heavy metal that it’s poisonous forms can naturally exist in soil or can enter to soil in following ways:by industrial activities,mine probing and agricultural fertilizers.Phaseolus vulgaris L.is one of the plants that can tolerate poison of cadmium and Bean is one of the most important species in Fabaceae family that have high economic significance in human nutrition.Regeneration by tissue culture is one of the effective and appropriate methods for preserving and also propagation of plants.In this study,research of effects cadmium nitrate and growth regulators in Phaseolus vulgaris L.tissue culture,percentage of germination,rhizogenesis and callus generation of seed of Bean plant cultivar(cos 16)in mediums containing cadmium nitrate and2ip hormone evaluated.In the Beginning seeds were surface sterilized respectively with:etanol70%,distilled water and sodium hypocholorite5%.Sterilized seeds were cultured into different culture containing:T0(MS),T1(MS+ 2ip: 0.1 mg⁄l );T2(MS + 2ip: 0.1mg⁄l +CdNo3:0.05mg⁄l);T3( MS+ CdNo3: 0.05mg⁄l)for percentage of germination.Explants of leaf and hypocotyl were prepared from ten-day sterilized seedling cultured in T0 medium and moved in T0(MS),T1(MS+2ip: 3mg⁄l );T2(MS+2ip: 5mg⁄l).A number of hypocotyl explants were transferred intoT1(MS+ NAA: 0.5mg⁄l),T2 (MS+ BAP:2.5mg⁄l) ;T3(MS+NAA:0.5mg⁄l+BAP:2.5mg⁄l). Eventually calluses of hypocotyl explant subcultured fromT0 medium into T0(MS), T1(MS+CdNo3:0.05mg⁄l);T2(MS+CdNo3: 0.1mg⁄l).According to the above results,maximum and minimum percentage of germination in T0(MS),T3(MS+CdNo3: 0.05mg⁄l).Best percentage of callus generation inT0(MS),was observed in hypocotyl explants.Also most rhizogenesis inT2(MS+2ip:5 mg⁄l)in leaf explant and Best callus generation and rhizogenesis were seen inT3(MS+NAA: 0.5 mg⁄l +BAP:2.5mg⁄l)in hypocotyl explant.Finally In subculture of the callus of hypocotyl explant,the most callus generation and rhizogenesis was observed in absence of cadmium nitrate:T0(MS). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Investigation of synthesized grapheme oxide with hummers method and its application as Hydrodesulphurization reaction catalyst support
زینب حجار سعید سلطان علی شکوفه طیبی مجید معصومیIn this study, the advanced Hummers method )AGO( and Hummers method )HGO( were investigated, and synthesized grapheme oxides were analyzed by XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, and FTIR techniques. Analysis results showed that in the advanced Hummers method surface of carbon layers was MoreIn this study, the advanced Hummers method )AGO( and Hummers method )HGO( were investigated, and synthesized grapheme oxides were analyzed by XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, and FTIR techniques. Analysis results showed that in the advanced Hummers method surface of carbon layers was oxidized more than Hummers method, and had more oxygenated functional groups. Experimental results indicated that synthesized graphene oxides with AGO process had less carbon layers. Also, in the absence of sodium nitrite, which is one of the main oxidants of Hummers method, production of toxic gases were eliminated in advanced method. Moreover, synthesized structures were investigated as catalyst supports in Naphtha hydro desulphurization reaction. In this venue, the synthesized compounds were impregnated by cobalt and molybdenum active phases. Moreover, the total metal loading and Co/Mo weight ratio of prepared compounds were adjusted to their industrial nominal values of 10% and 1/4, respectively Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The study of Yield and Yield Components of Red Beans in Condition of Drought Stress and Seed Pre-Treatment With Growth Regulators
منا محتشمی احمد نادری علی اکبر قنبری مجتبی علوی فاضل شهرام لکIn order to investigate the effect of seed priming with growth regulators on yield and yield components of red bean lines this research was conducted as spilt factorial in RCBD design with three replications. The treatment consists of three levels of irrigation (after e MoreIn order to investigate the effect of seed priming with growth regulators on yield and yield components of red bean lines this research was conducted as spilt factorial in RCBD design with three replications. The treatment consists of three levels of irrigation (after evaporation of 60-55, 85-80 and 115-110 mm) two lines of red beans ( KS31169 ,D81083) and seed priming including salicylic acid and naphthalene acetic acid at four levels (P0:control, distilled water; P1: 0.5 m mol L-1 NAA; P2: 0.7 m mol L-1 SA; P3: combination of SA and NAA at rates of 0.5 and 0.7 m mol L-1). The results showed that the simple effects and the interactive effects of genotype × seed priming with on all the studied traits were significant except for the harvest index and pod length. Maximum 100-seed weight of (44 g) and biological yield of (14715.88 kg h-1 ) were achieved in the KS31169 line through the use of (NAA), under irrigation after 80-85 mm evaporation. The seed yield of (3454.16 kg h-1) were observed through the use of (NAA) and (SA) pretreatments for drought stress treatment. The results of stepwise regression of yield and the related traits 88 % of grain yield changes was explained by biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, number of seeds per pod and seed weight. Generally, it can be concluded that seed pretreatment can help improve and develop the yield under drought stress, directly and indirectly by affecting the morphological and physiological properties of plants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - 4-Chloro-3,5-dioxaphosphacyclohepta[2,1-;3,4-']dinaphthalene (BINOL-PCl) as a Bulky and Efficient Reagent for the Transformation of Symmetric and Asymmetric Benzoins to Corresponding Benziles
Nader Noroozi Pesyan Mahnaz Saraei Bakhshali Massoumi Maryam Sarbazi -
Open Access Article
21 - The determination of Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ in real samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after their separation- preconcentration on 2-(2-nitrophenylazo)- naphthalen-1-ol loaded on activated carbon
Amir H. M. Sarrafi Elahe Konoz Kobra Shabani -
Open Access Article
22 - Effects of Naphthalene Acetic Acid and Carbaryl on Fruit Thinning in ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin Trees
Golnar Safaei-Nejad Ali-Reza Shahsavar Abbas Mirsoleimani -
Open Access Article
23 - Study of the effect of auxin and gibberellin on growth, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and terpenoid content in Euphorbia trigona Mill.
Hakimeh Rezaei Aryan Sateei Tahereh A. Aghajanzadeh Mehdi EbadiThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of auxin and gibberellin on Euphorbia trigona Mill. in a randomized complete block design in 2020, and in greenhouse conditions. One minute pretreatments including auxin regulators NAA, IBA and IAA at a concentration of MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of auxin and gibberellin on Euphorbia trigona Mill. in a randomized complete block design in 2020, and in greenhouse conditions. One minute pretreatments including auxin regulators NAA, IBA and IAA at a concentration of 500 mg / l and treatments containing GA, IAA, IBA and NAA, 250 mg / l were compared with each other and with control plants. Stems and roots fresh weight, dry weight, dry weight percentage, total photosynthetic pigments content as well as total terpenoids were measured. Fresh and dry weight and the percentage of dry weight of stem did not show sensitivity to the treatments and pretreatments, and the effects were not significant. NAA treatment had the most positive effect on roots fresh and dry weight, although the percentage of root dry weight was not significantly affected by the treatments. The highest significant increase in terpenoid content was observed in NAA treatment and NAA and IBA pretreatments. GA treatment had the most positive effects on the content of each of chlorophylls a and b, total and carotenoid content. In terms of effect on photosynthetic antenna composition, the most positive effects on the ratio of total chlorophyll to carotenoids were observed in GA, NAA, IAA and IAA pretreatments. IAA treatment also showed a significant increase in chlorophyll a to b ratio. The correlation between growth parameters with each other and also the correlation of chlorophyll content with each other and with carotenoids was positive and significant. However, the correlation of terpenoid content with none of the other traits was significant. On the other hand and from an application point of view, based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry measurements, naphthalene-acetic-acid treatment was effective in severely increasing the content of valuable medicinal compound, bis-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, compared to the control. Manuscript profile
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