List of Articles Induced resistance

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  1 - The effect of amino acid Methionine on β- 1,3 glucanase gene expression and activity of effective enzymes in induced resistance to citrus canker disease in lime
  Vahideh Hasabi Hossein Askari Seyed Mehdi Alavi Masood Soltani Najafabadi Hamidreza Zamanizadeh
  Citrus bacterial canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, is one of the most important diseases of citrus in tropical and subtropical regions. Accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins such as β -1, 3 glucanase against plant pathogen attack, as plant d More

  Citrus bacterial canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, is one of the most important diseases of citrus in tropical and subtropical regions. Accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins such as β -1, 3 glucanase against plant pathogen attack, as plant defense mechanisms against plant pathogens is considered. To investigate the expression of PR-2 genes related β -1, 3 glucanase and the effective enzymes in induced resistance to citrus canker, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. The amino acid methionine at a concentration of 25 mM and distilled water as control, were used for this study. After 48 hours post treatment, plants were inoculated with 5 ml of bacterial suspension (at a concentration of 108 colonies per ml) by syringe without needle and contained under greenhouse conditions. Based on phenotypic tests results, there were significant difference in the level of 0.05 between the amino acid methionine treated plants and control plants treated with sterile distilled water. The molecular test results indicated an increase in the expression of PR-2 at 24, 48 and 72 h after inoculation. Based on the results of antioxidant enzymes activity study in stressed plants, plants treated with the amino acid methionine significantly increased the enzyme activity of peroxidase and phenylalanine, however, did not affect on catalase activity. Manuscript profile
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  2 - The effect of rice endophyte bacteria on controlling Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae and expression of phenylalanine ammonia-liase gene in coexistence with Bacillus subtilis
  Hadis Yousefi Nader Hasanzadeh Keivan Behboudi Farid Beiki Firouzjahi
  Background & Objectives: Rice bacterial blight is one of the major factors limiting global rice production. Though the most effective method for controlling this disease is using resistant varieties, they are not stable in farm conditions due to high variability and More

  Background & Objectives: Rice bacterial blight is one of the major factors limiting global rice production. Though the most effective method for controlling this disease is using resistant varieties, they are not stable in farm conditions due to high variability and rapid evolution of pathogenic races. This study was aimed to evaluate rice endophyte bacteria's ability to improving plant growth and biologically controlling Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.Materials & Methods: At the first screening of endophyte isolates was performed to evaluate antagonistic activity against Xanthomonas in tryptic soy agar medium. The stimulation of plant growth by bacterial endophytes was assessed under the growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. The effect of bacterial isolates on disease severity and some rice growth factors under greenhouse conditions were determined, as well. In the final stage, the expression of the Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene by endophytic isolate Bacillus subtilis was evaluated using real-time PCR.Results: In terms of rice seed seedling vigor index, OS40, OS23, OS43, and OS31 isolates had a significant statistical effect as compared to control. Moreover, the use of OS3, OS23, OS31, and OS40 endophytes increased plant growth parameters. OS40 and OS23 bacterial inoculants were more successful in reducing the severity of the disease and the promotion of plant growth. PAL expression level during the experiment period was significantly higher and faster in plants treated with OS40than those treated only with Xanthomonas- isolates.Conclusion: Rice bacterial endophytes could increase plant growth and reduce disease severity, thus they can be considered as a promising and environmentally- a friendly strategy for sustainable agriculture development. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and induction of defensive enzyme of phenylalanine ammonialyse in tomato by Trichoderma and Bacillus antagonist isolates
  Shahnaz Aleaghaee Saeed Rezaee Mostafa Ebadi Hamidreza Zamanizadeh
  Background & Objectives: Fusarium wilt disease is one of the limiting factors of tomato production in most countries, especially in Iran. Considering the malicious effect of chemicals on health, the study on the alternatives for disease controlling is important. Thi More

  Background & Objectives: Fusarium wilt disease is one of the limiting factors of tomato production in most countries, especially in Iran. Considering the malicious effect of chemicals on health, the study on the alternatives for disease controlling is important. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of Trichoderma and Bacillus isolates on biological control of Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. lycopersici.Materials & Methods: The inhibitory effects of  Trichoderma and Bacillus isolates against Fusarium were evaluated on PDA. The ability of the colonization of these antagonists was also examined. The effect of separate and combined application of the antagonists isolates against Fusarium vascular wilt disease severity index and some growth factors of tomato were determined. Also, the potential of these isolates on the induction of phenylalanine ammonlyase was measured in seedlings infected with Fusarium.Results: The biocontrol agents showed different levels of inhibition of Fusarium growth. The Trichoderma isolates were more successful with a high inhibitory effect (72.06% and 69.16%). These isolates were also powerful colonizers of the pathogen. The disease severity was affected by the antagonists at different levels. Separate and combined treatments of Trichoderma isolates were more effective in the reduction of the disease severity and improving the growth factors. The activity of phenylalanine ammonialyas increased in the plants treated with Trichoderma isolates compared to control treatment (Fusarium). The combined application of these isolates was more effective than the separate using of them on the induction of the enzyme.Conclusion: The investigated Trichoderma isolates were successful in controlling the pathogen. Therefore, the use of these isolates as agents with multiplier effects can be effective in biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Induction of Systemic Resistance by Trichoderma harzianum Isolates in Pistachio Plants in-Fected with Verticillium dahliae
  Z. Fotoohiyan S. Rezaee Gh.H. Shahidi Bonjar A.H. Mohammadi M. Moradi
  10.22034/jon.2015.516317
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  5 - Induced resistance in take-all infected wheat using methyl jasmonate and Glomus spp.
  Ahmad Baneshi Seddiqe Mohammadi
  10.22034/aej.2017.528713
  Take-all is one of the most important wheat soil-borne diseases caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis. The research objective was determination of Glomus spp. and methyl jasmonate effect on resistance induction of wheat take-all infected seedlings.The experiment was carried More

  Take-all is one of the most important wheat soil-borne diseases caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis. The research objective was determination of Glomus spp. and methyl jasmonate effect on resistance induction of wheat take-all infected seedlings.The experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design in factorial with 32 treatments and three replications in greenhouse condition.The factors were presence or absence of pathogen, mycorrhizal fungi species including Glomus intraradices, G. mosseaeand G. hoi inoculation and methyl-jasmonate added in four concentrationsof 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.5mM. Induced resistance factors were added to surrounding soil in seedling stage and total phenol were measured after 24 and 120 hours inoculation.Total phenolactivity in healthy plants was more than infected and induced plant in most of the treatments. Total phenol in infected seedling after 120 hours was more than in 24 hours with all induced resistance factor. However, healthy seedlings had more total phenol after 24 and 120 hours. Application of G. intraradicesalong with 1.5mM of methyl jasmonate had the greatest impact on induced resistance. Therefore, it is recommended to be used as fertilizer for resistance inducing to take all disease in wheat. Manuscript profile