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Open Access Article
1 - Evaluation of Risk Factors Affecting The Health Of Directors Of An Academic Unit Based on the Holistic Wellness
Morteza Ghasemi Fatemeh AlianfiniIntroduction: Health as defined by World Health Organization (WHO), it is "a state of complete physical, mental and social health and not only the absence of disease". Considering positive emotions, life satisfaction, social welfare and also considering the physical, em MoreIntroduction: Health as defined by World Health Organization (WHO), it is "a state of complete physical, mental and social health and not only the absence of disease". Considering positive emotions, life satisfaction, social welfare and also considering the physical, emotional, spiritual and social dimensions are the issues which in our country little attention has been paid to them; since with attention to this issue, increase operational efficiency, improve performance, job satisfaction will be followed. Methods: In this analytic functional study, to evaluate the health and determine factors affecting it, all managers of Islamic Azad University of Arak have completed physical and mental health questionnaires based on the holistic wellness which includes physical, social, emotional, intellectual, professional and spiritual components. Results: 83 patients participated in the study. The mean score of highest level of safety was 4.1 in the area of spiritual health and 3.4 for the physical health was the lowest. Factors such as the occupation position, physical health, the amount of sleep, heart attack disease, high blood cholesterol, blood pressure and diabetes were identified as risk factors (The mean scores was less than 3). Conclusion: As a result of this research, heart attack, high blood cholesterol, blood pressure and diabetes had the greatest impact on the health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Contamination Evaluation, Health and Ecological risk index assessment of Potential Toxic Elements in the surface soils Case Study: Central Part of Bandar Abbas County
Tahereh Moghtaderi SHAHLA MAHMOUDI ata shakeri mohamadhassan masihabadiSoils from the industrial areas in the south of Bandar Abbas County are susceptible to contamination by the export terminal, metal and non-metallic industries. In this research, the concentrations of selected potentially toxic elements in order to determine the contamin MoreSoils from the industrial areas in the south of Bandar Abbas County are susceptible to contamination by the export terminal, metal and non-metallic industries. In this research, the concentrations of selected potentially toxic elements in order to determine the contamination level, source and assessment of ecological risk index, also health risk assessment to determine the quantity of potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the elements in the soil of this area was investigated So that a total of 66 soil samples were collected. The Enrichment Factor (EF) and Ecological Risk Index were calculated to measure the contamination level. Principle component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the sources of heavy metals pollution, and also the health risk assessment was used in three ways: ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact. Results indicated that the average of EF for studied elements decreased in the order of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, As, Ni and Cr. The mean value of the ecological risk of Cu and Cd indicates medium and high ecological risk, respectively. The Hazard index for all selected elements through ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact in children is higher than that of adults. The results of EF and PCA indicate that the As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn have been affected by anthropogenic sources. As, Cr and Cd were regarded as the priority pollutants and Cancer risks in soils were within tolerable risk to human health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Carcinogenicity and non-carcinogenicity Risk Assessment encounter of air heavy metals
seyyed reza karimi nabiollah mansouri lobat taghavi Mazaher MoeinaddiniBackground and Objective: Some heavy metals in the air are very important due to their biomagnification properties, persistence and harmful effects on human health. The main goal of this research is to identify and assess the risk of heavy metals that have carcinogenic MoreBackground and Objective: Some heavy metals in the air are very important due to their biomagnification properties, persistence and harmful effects on human health. The main goal of this research is to identify and assess the risk of heavy metals that have carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic potential for the people of Region 21. Material and Methodology: District 21 of Tehran was selected as the study area due to its industrial and semi-industrial uses. According to ASTM and EPA standards, 50 air samples were taken from different uses of Region 21 in 2021 using high volume pumps with the help of fiberglass filters. The concentration of heavy metals was determined using ICP-OES. Cancer and non-cancer risk assessments were also calculated using the IRIS integrated information system method. Findings: The average concentration of heavy metals in the decreasing trend is Li <Ti <W <Pb <Sr <Mg <Fe <Zn <Cr <Al, respectively, with aluminum having the highest concentration of 58.87 µg/m3 and lithium with 0.01 µg/m3 has the lowest concentration. In addition, the results of respiratory risk assessment indicate that HQ aluminum with 1/13E+01 has a non-cancer risk and Cr lead with 1/49E-05 has a cancer risk. Discussion and Conclusion: Comparing the amount of lead with the US national standard shows that the concentration of lead is not at the appropriate level. The findings of this study can help in formulating appropriate strategies by city managers and prioritizing the control of heavy metals in the air. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Seasonal comparison of Zinc health risk in atmospheric dust in Tehran, Iran
maryam samani ahmad golchin hosseinali alikhani ahmad bybordiBackground and objective: The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of zinc metal in atmospheric dust and to assess its health risk during the winter of 1397 to the fall of 1398 in areas 9, 10, 11 and 12 of Tehran Municipality.Material and Methodology: Fo MoreBackground and objective: The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of zinc metal in atmospheric dust and to assess its health risk during the winter of 1397 to the fall of 1398 in areas 9, 10, 11 and 12 of Tehran Municipality.Material and Methodology: For this purpose, two points in the west and east of region 9 and one point in the east of regions 11, 10 and 12 (the western parts of regions 10, 11 and 12 were adjacent to the east of the adjacent region) were determined and atmospheric dust was collected monthly for one year. A factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental factors included sampling location and sampling time (seasons). The concentration of zinc was determined after extraction with hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid (3: 1 ratio). Finding: The results showed that the lowest concentration of zinc metal in winter and at point 9W (Tehransar) and 558.23 and the highest concentration of zinc metal in autumn and at point 11E (Vahdat-e-Islami Street) was 1835.3 mg / kg. The concentration of zinc and the amount of atmospheric dust increased from west to east and with the passage of winter to autumn. The health risk assessment was based on the US Environmental Protection Agency's EPA development method.Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that swallowing atmospheric dust was the main route of exposure to zinc, and more than 90% of the risk index for non-cancerous zinc metal diseases was related to HQ (ingestion risk equation). In winter, the amount of HQ and HI (cumulative risk index for non-cancerous diseases) was lower than safe level for zinc and for adults and children, and did not pose a health risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Predicting the Mortality Rate Due to Particulate Matters Using AirQ Software and Health Risk Assessment in the City of Sanandaj
Abdol Reza Noferesti Farideh Atabi Jafar Nouri Mohammad Reza MiriLavasani Seyed Ali Jozi Background and Objective: The goal of this research was to assess the severity of diseases caused by suspended particulate matters for the residents of the area and the health risk assessment in Sanandaj. Methods: The statistical information about the concentrati More Background and Objective: The goal of this research was to assess the severity of diseases caused by suspended particulate matters for the residents of the area and the health risk assessment in Sanandaj. Methods: The statistical information about the concentration of particulate matters was taken in 2012 from the Sanandaj Department of Environment. The field measurement of particulate matters was also carried out in 17 monitoring stations in Sanandaj for different months during a year by using portable devices. Then for quantifying the effects of air pollutants, Air Quality Health Impact Assessment (AirQ) software was used. Next, calculations were made in Excel for preparation of the input data. Finally, prediction of mortality and comparing it with the available statistics was performed and the health risk assessment was conducted for the region. Findings: The study of air pollution due to particulate matters in the city of Sanandaj showed that most of the days, the area was contaminated with low intensity and the days of unhealthy and dangerous including less than two months from June to August. The highest amounts of the average concentrations of particulate matters in different months of the year were seen in the first five months of the year and especially in June. However, the number of patients admitted by health centers due to air pollution, in the winter and April, were the greatest. Most of the air pollution was seen in the northeast (Area A) due to the repairing workshops, passenger terminal and industrial park located in that area. Assessment of the number of patients admitted by the medical centers in the city of Sanandaj and comparing it with the amounts predicted by AirQ, showed that the results of AirQ were less than the real data, while the predicted mortality rates were more than the real data. In terms of demographic categories indifferent parts of the city, the distribution was almost equal. However, it was the highest rate in the area number 3, which had the lowest air pollution. Prediction of health risk in the area showed the highest risk in the area number one and for the people in age of 20- 44 years old. The main cause was the more exposure of people living in this area to air pollutants. Discussion and Counclusion: In cold seasons of the year, due to inversion and the topographical situation of the region, respiratory diseases and mortality rate increased in the study area. Based on the diseases recorded in the statistical year, 581 cases of chronic lung diseases,570 cases of angina thoracic, 23 cases of asthma and 39 deaths attributed to air pollution has been reported. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Health risk assessment of some toxic trace metals in captured shrimps from the northern coasts of Oman Sea
A. Gholamhosseini N. Shiry Siyavash Soltanian M. AliHeavy metals contamination is one of the most serious problems around the world. Regarding the increasing trend of the tendency for seafood consuming in Iran, assurance to the health of these foods would be of great concern for the consumers. Accordingly, the present st MoreHeavy metals contamination is one of the most serious problems around the world. Regarding the increasing trend of the tendency for seafood consuming in Iran, assurance to the health of these foods would be of great concern for the consumers. Accordingly, the present study was conducted in order to assess the concentrations of some toxic metals in the captured shrimps from the northern coasts of Oman sea as well as to investigate their health risk for the eaters. For this purpose, 40 samples were obtained at two times from each station (Hormoz, Jask, and Chabahar). Samples preparation and measuring of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Ni) have been accomplished via wet digestion method and atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), respectively. Results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed between the cadmium concentrations of shrimps captured from Jask port (0.08 µg/g) with Strait of Hormuz (0.022 µg/g) and Chabahar Bay (0.021 µg/g) samples. Moreover, white Indian shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) contained significantly (P<0.05) more cadmium residues (0.448 µg/g) than other species including Jinga (Metapenaeus affinis), kiddi (Parapenaeopsis stylifera), and banana shrimp (F. merguiensis). Heavy metals contents in all shrimp samples were below the acceptance limit of WHO and FAO standards. Furthermore, total THQ for children (0.258) and adults (0.147) were found less than 1. Consequently, continuous and even daily consumption of the Oman sea shrimps is not a health hazard for the consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Levels and health risk assessment of As and Zn in Shirazi thyme, sweet violet, pennyroyal and jujube marketed in Hamedan City
M. Karimi L. Tayebi S. SobhanardakaniThe use of medicinal herbs plays a vital role in improving the health of human society. Since the plants are the most important transmission route of heavy metals into human food chain and biological cycles, this study was conducted to assess the health risk of concentr MoreThe use of medicinal herbs plays a vital role in improving the health of human society. Since the plants are the most important transmission route of heavy metals into human food chain and biological cycles, this study was conducted to assess the health risk of concentration of As and Zn in Shirazi thyme, sweet viola, pennyroyal and jujube marketed in Hamedan City during 2015. After preparation of 3 samples of each medicinal plant, the samples were digested in acid according to the standard methods. The concentration of each element in the samples was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) in 3 replicates. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package. The results showed that the maximum mean concentrations of As and Zn were 0.035±0.026 and 1880±520 µg/kg related to thyme and viola, respectively. The results of health index for all samples were found lower than one. Moreover, the mean concentration of As and Zn in all samples were lower than WHO permissible limits. Although controlled consumption of medicinal plants has not adverse effect on the consumers’ health, concerning to the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the long-term, regular periodic monitoring of chemical pollutants content especially heavy metals in medicinal plants are recommended for food safety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Review on health risk of Vibrio in seafood
Mehdi Raissy Roza Fatahi Parto ReisiSeafood has found its way into eating habits of consumers. However, it can be accompanied with some hazards such as transmission of pathogenic bacteria. The origin of disease can be either a fish pathogen or a secondary contamination. Vibrios are of the important bacter MoreSeafood has found its way into eating habits of consumers. However, it can be accompanied with some hazards such as transmission of pathogenic bacteria. The origin of disease can be either a fish pathogen or a secondary contamination. Vibrios are of the important bacteria which are naturally found in the environment and in the aquatic animals' body as microflora and results in vibriosis if ingested raw or undercooked. The most important species are Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. Cholera, V. vulnificus and V. alginolyticus. Although vibrio species are distributed worldwide, but it seems that they are more prevalent in some areas due to nutritional habits. This article reviews important species, source of infection and the previous reports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - -Empirical Assessment of Environmental and Health Risks in Intensive Poultry Production in Kwara State, Nigeria
بوسلا آمولگبه خدیجت آبیمبولا عثمان موتیات اولاینکا آنیماشون جوبریلThe study was designed to assess the environmental and health risks arising from intensive poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry farmers in Kwara State under the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) were selected randomly for the study, and MoreThe study was designed to assess the environmental and health risks arising from intensive poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry farmers in Kwara State under the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) were selected randomly for the study, and structured questionnaires were administered. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and the linear regression. The study revealed that about 79.5% of the poultry farmers were literate, having completed at least a tertiary educational level. In addition, the results showed that the environmental and health issues were significant during production and processing. It was further revealed that the type of battery cage used and educational level of the farmers were positively significant, while the year of establishment was negatively significant when it comes to the adoption practices. This implies that the higher the level of education, the more likely farmers adopt improved practices. Moreover, it was observed that the majority of the poultry farmers do not abide by the environmental and public health laws and regulations; therefore, it is recommended that government should enforce strict supervisory agencies of the sanitation/health policies aiming at environmental preservation and protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigation and Determination of Health Risks of Chrome Heavy Metal in the Wastewater of Firooz Abad River of Tehran Using the Method of Analyzing Fracture States and Its Effects on Environment (EFMEA)
S. A. Jozi H. Kabiri Fard S. Shakouri A. Ahmadi MajdThis study was conducted with the goal of investigating the amount of Chrome heavy metal in Firouz Abad river of Tehran. For this purpose, sampling from water was conducted by determining 5 measurement stations in the river path in the spring, summer and autumn of 2007. MoreThis study was conducted with the goal of investigating the amount of Chrome heavy metal in Firouz Abad river of Tehran. For this purpose, sampling from water was conducted by determining 5 measurement stations in the river path in the spring, summer and autumn of 2007. Analysis of samples was performed using Atomic Absorption method. The results of this study show that the levels of chrome metal measured in the third, fourth and fifth stations with the averages of 0.503mg/l, 1.29mg/l and 2.62mg/l, respectively are above the allowed level of chrome in the run-off determined by Environment Preservation Organization (0.5mg/l). In order to estimate the level of environmental risks of chrome in the environment of the affected area, the Environmental Failure Modes and Effects Analysis and its effects on environment was used. For this purpose, a table was first designed based on each station in which chrome concentration was graded within the scores span of 1 to 50 from the respects of risks severity and possible consequences. Then, Risk Priority Number (RPN) was calculated for each station from the product of risks severity in possible consequence. In the stations in which the level of chrome heavy metal was above the standard level, some measures were suggested for minimizing RPN. In this study, the level of environmental risks of this metal was estimated in 5 stations based on RPN as follows: RPN of first station = 2 < RPN of second station = 10 < RPN of thied station = 30 < RPN of forth station = 200 < RPN of fifth station = 450 Due to irrigation of agricultural lands by this river especially vegetable farming and growing summer crops in south of Tehran, the excess concentration of chrome has increased significant absorption of the aforesaid heavy metal in plants which its consequence is the entrance of this metal to food chain and its bad effects on human. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Occupational Health Risk Assessment of Iranian Drilling Industry
Seyed Reza Shadizadeh Elahe Ataallahi -
Open Access Article
12 - Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic and Zinc in Ghee Consumed in Kermanshah City, Western Iran using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Soheil Sobhanardakani Lobat Taghavi -
Open Access Article
13 - Determination of Essential Nutrients in Some Indigenous Pharmacological Plants Growing in Fars Province, Iran
Hamidreza Boostani Alireza Mahmoodi Esmaiel Farrokhnejad -
Open Access Article
14 - Non-carcinogenic and Carcinogenic Risk Potentials of metals Exposure from Vegetables Grown in Sharada Industrial Area Kano, Nigeria
Abba Babandi Murtala Ya'u Hafeez Muhammad Yakasai Dayyabu Shehu Kamalludeen Babagana Aminu Ibrahim C.A Anosike Lawrence Ezeanyika -
Open Access Article
15 - Lead Contamination in Playgrounds in Tuzla (Bosnia and Herzegovina)-environmental and Children Health Risk Assessment
Maida Šljivić Husejnović Esmeralda Dautović Adaleta Softić -
Open Access Article
16 - Semi-quantitative Respiratory Health Risk Assessment of Exposure to Metalworking Fluids (Oil Mists) in an Automotive Industry
Zahra Moradpour Soleiman Ramezanifar Elham Asgari Gandomani Rezvan Zendehdel -
Open Access Article
17 - Assessment of Potential Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) Sold in Major Markets in Calabar, Nigeria
Udiba Udiba Michael Odey Udeme Udofia Ekom Akpan John Ama -
Open Access Article
18 - Health Risk Assessment of Asphalt Workers’ Exposure to Benzo-α-pyrene
Jamshid Rahimi Kamaladin Abedi Hossein Ebrahimi Rasoul Yarahmadi Iraj Alimohammadi Shahram Vosoughi Seted Hosein Tabatabaei -
Open Access Article
19 - Measurement of the Toxic Trace Elements in Commercial Wheat Flours: Potential Health Risk via Dietary Intake
Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori Reza Zadehdabagh Nahid Najafi Leila Tishezan Mehrnoush Zerehpoush Seyed Mohammad Hosein Mousavi Jazayeri Mohammad Hashemi Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly Sany -
Open Access Article
20 - Trace Metals Content of Soil around a Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite in Gombe, Nigeria: Assessing the Ecological and Human Health Impact
Mohammad Sulaiman Jonnie Asegbeloyin Janefrances Ihedioha Ebube Oyeka Esther Oji