List of Articles Environmental Risk

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  1 - Environmental Risk Assessment for Gas Pipeline Construction Using the Multi-Index Compilation Decision Method (Case study: Gachsaran to Bidboland)
  shahab Ahmadzadeh MARYAM ROBATI hanieh nikoomaram
  10.22034/jest.2021.38743.4416
  Background and Objective: This study analyzes the risk assessment of Gachsaran petrochemical Ethan transformation 20 inch pipeline implementation design as one of the most important petrochemical designs of the country, with the knowledge of assuring necessity of proper More

  Background and Objective: This study analyzes the risk assessment of Gachsaran petrochemical Ethan transformation 20 inch pipeline implementation design as one of the most important petrochemical designs of the country, with the knowledge of assuring necessity of proper and right implementation of projects and finally presenting solutions for adverse effects reduction on environment. Method:  VIKOR and ENVID methods are types of environmental risk identification methods that show necessary applicability for projects’ risk amount assessment. Findings: In this research, relative analysis process of failure existence potentials is discussed and also sensitivity assessment and vulnerability detection of environment around us is done. This method conclude recognition of environment affected by gas leakage, important ecologic compartments checked and assessed considering environmental sensitivities, risk amount guaranty according to existing standards and identification of preventive actions and potential pipeline risk reduction actions. Discussion and Conclusions: The results show that in both mentioned methods, construction phase has more risk in comparison to application phase as in construction phase, physical and chemical and economical, social and cultural environments respectively get the most influence and in application phase with less severity comparing to construction phase Economical, social and cultural and physical and chemical receive the most influence. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Provide a Combined Model of Q-Analysis and Interpretation of Environmental Risk of Technologically Sustainable Supply Chain
  Peyman Gholizadeh Saber Molaalizadeh Zavardehi Alah karam Salehi
  10.30495/jest.2022.62845.5482
  Background and Objective: The Purpose of this research is Provide a Combined Model of Q-Analysis and Interpretation of Environmental Risk of Technologically Sustainable Supply Chain. Material and Methodology: Based on this, first, the components and propositions of the More

  Background and Objective: The Purpose of this research is Provide a Combined Model of Q-Analysis and Interpretation of Environmental Risk of Technologically Sustainable Supply Chain. Material and Methodology: Based on this, first, the components and propositions of the risks of the sustainable were identified by the research experts and then, based on the link analysis, which includes the analysis of internal links and the relationships between links and the systemic impact of links to determine the most important element of a connection between the statements of components related to the technological risks sustainable supply chain. Findings: Accordingly, the three components of the economic risk of a sustainable technological supply chain; the social risk of the technologically stable supply chain and the environmental risk of the technologically sustainable supply chain were determined in the form of 28 initial propositions, they entered the Delphi analysis section in order to reach the theoretical adequacy level. In this section, 21 final propositions were approved in the second phase of Delphi analysis. Discussion and Conclusion: It was also found that the two propositions of lack of desirable standards and lack of institutional oversight in waste control and the impact of natural disasters due to the geographical impossibility of technology development are considered as the most effective environmental risk measures of sustainable supply chain. Manuscript profile
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  3 - The Presentation of Environmental Risk Assessment Pattern for Gas Pipeline Project by Using of Indexing System and AHP Methods (Case Study: Transportation Pipelines 24 inches, Tasuj-Salmas Project)
  Sahar Rezaian Mahdi Irankhahi Seyed Ali Jozi
  Gas transportation pipelines production plans, unlike technical and economical justification in the fieldof energy supplying for societies, by having danger on environment, needs the continuous studies ofassessment and environmental risk management in manufacturing and More

  Gas transportation pipelines production plans, unlike technical and economical justification in the fieldof energy supplying for societies, by having danger on environment, needs the continuous studies ofassessment and environmental risk management in manufacturing and benefiting stage. In this study,for purpose of environmental risk assessment for gas transportation pipelines the indexing systemmethod and Analytical Hierarchy Process were combined. Indexing System is a compulsive andapplicable method that was based at the basis of characterizing index effect and ranking. By using thismethod, we can classify, quantify and prefering types of environmental risk in pipelines according tothe determined criteria’s and typical. In the mentioned method, typical of dangers, show the possibilityof danger occurrence and effects of typical show the effect intensity. Final grade for environmentalrisk in this method produce via possibility of danger occurrence multiply with effect intensity.According to that efficiency scale for whole of criteria are not equal in the final level of risk.In addition for the purpose of weighting the criteria’s, the Analytical Hierarchy Process was used andfor the purpose of weighting the digital layers of information related to the criteria Ordered WeightAnalysis method was used. For the purpose of examination results of this research, environmental riskassessment of gas transportation pipelines 24 inches for Tasuj-Salmas with approximate length about42 kilometer as a case study was exerted. Via usage of Geographic Information Systems abilities, theidentified risks and risk zonation in the path of pipelines were considered. Results showed that 46% ofgas pipeline path of Tasuj-Salmas, has a high risk level (5467- 6054 grade), 48% of it, has a mediumrisk level (6055- 6641 grade), 2% of it, has a low level of risk (6642-7228 grade) and 4% of it, has alittle risk (7228< grade). Adjacency of southern zone of pipelines path with Orumieh lake nationalpark, is an important ecological sensitivity that is under investigation. 15 kilometer of pipeline path(kilometer 18+220 to 33+220) is aligned with 5 kilometer of biosphere reserved. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Environmental Risk Assessment of Dam Projects By Using ELECTRE Technique
  Saeed Malmasi Reza Arjmandi Roya Nezakati Zahra Allahdad
  Background and Objective:  Dam projects cause serious impacts on the surrounding environment. Therefore, in these sorts of projects, risk assessment of dams is one of the most important aspects of environmental risk management. The objective of present research is More

  Background and Objective:  Dam projects cause serious impacts on the surrounding environment. Therefore, in these sorts of projects, risk assessment of dams is one of the most important aspects of environmental risk management. The objective of present research is using one of the Multi Criteria Decision Making methods to make the managerial decisions for determining the most important identified risks and risks occurring prevention or reduction. Therefore, activities of construction and operation of Azad dam, which is located on Kumasi River in Kurdistan province, were investigated. Method: Firstly, environmental risks were identified using Delphi questionnaire method and based on their criteria including importance, severity, and probable occurrence. Then the aforementioned criteria of risks were weighted by using Entropy method. In the next stage, Elimination et Choice Translating to Reality (ELECTRE) method, one of the techniques of Multi Criteria Decision Making methods (MCDM), was used for ranking of probable risks. Findings: The results show that the most important risks of Azad dam are respectively including reduction of soil quality with the grade of 9, Kumasi River water contamination with the grade of 7 and intense reduction of organic matter and nutrients in Kumasi River flow at down side of the dam with the grade of 4. Discussion and conclusion: In this paper, environmental risk assessment of dam by using ELECTRE method to make the correct decision, making process for risk assessor and choosing the best alternative of a finite set of alternatives described in terms of evaluative criteria. Therefore, that, function of each risk was determined by ranking and create opportunity to decision maker for correct risk management and choosing the proper method for risk control.   Manuscript profile
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  5 - Selection of the Strategies for Responding the Environmental Risks of Construction Projects by Metaheuristic Algorithms (Case Study: Saba Construction Complex Project)
  Esmail cheraghi Mohammad Khalilzadeh Amir Pooya Cheraghi Yaser Rahimi
  10.22034/jest.2019.14563
  Background and Objective: Usually uncertainty and risk are the inherent characteristics of implementing large projects. This uncertainty leads to a significant failure of most of the country's projects in achieving their predetermined goals. Most of the previous studies More

  Background and Objective: Usually uncertainty and risk are the inherent characteristics of implementing large projects. This uncertainty leads to a significant failure of most of the country's projects in achieving their predetermined goals. Most of the previous studies have addressed environmental risk assessment. in this study a problem is proposed in the form of a linear integer programming optimization model to select appropriate risk responses to project risk with an environmental approach. Failure in accurately identifying the risks of construction projects, in addition to increasing the time and cost of final projects, leads to social, environmental and human damages. The aim of this study is to present a mathematical model for selecting the strategies to respond the environmental and occupational health risks according to IS0 14001-OHSAS 18001 standard of construction projects. Method: All environmental risks of the project are detected and a solution process is proposed using a mathematical model and NSGAII metaheuristic algorithm to obtain a more favorable strategy for responding the environmental risks of a building construction project with respect to time, cost and quality. Findings: The results showed that the appropriate strategies for responding the risks were chosen optimally and the risk management system in this project was properly implemented by applying the proposed mathematical model to the 10 significant environmental risks in the project identified by the FMEA method and the ISO 31000 standard which is related to 8 important and critical activities of the project based on the failure structure. Discussion and Conclusion: Selection of appropriate strategies for responding the risks of construction projects is one of the concerns of project stakeholders. For the first time, a metaheuristic algorithm was used to select the strategies for responding the HSE risk of construction projects. In Saba Tower, as a case study, all the risks affecting the environmental and occupational health debate were identified and appropriate risk response strategies were provided for each risk.   Manuscript profile
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  6 - Environmental Risk Assessment of Gachsaran Oil Refinery Production Unit by Integrating Multi Criteria Decision Making and Environmental Failure-Mode and Effects Analysis
  jahanbakhsh balist Bahram Malek mohammadi Faeze Chehrzar Yasser Moarab
  10.22034/jest.2018.12588
  Background and Objective:Risk assessment is a method to determine risk quantitative and qualitative and probable accident consequence on people, materials, equipment and environment. By doing so, existence controlling methods effectiveness are specified and valuable dat More

  Background and Objective:Risk assessment is a method to determine risk quantitative and qualitative and probable accident consequence on people, materials, equipment and environment. By doing so, existence controlling methods effectiveness are specified and valuable data for decision making in risk mitigating is produced. Method: In this study, GACHSARAN oil refinery production unit is assessed. The purpose of this study is environmental risk assessment of this unit by updating methods and techniques and representing controlling strategies to manage these risks. Simultaneously use of several risk assessment and multi criteria decision making can lead to optimum risk management. To achieve this goal, the Environmental Failure-Mode and Effects Analysis (EFMEA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) are used. Findings: At first by site visiting and obtaining expert opinions of the unit, risks are identified and evaluated according to their effects on environmental of five components. In the following, risk priority number in specified and enter to TOPSIS and prioritized. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that important risks are exhausted pollutant from stack and carry over to flare.   Manuscript profile
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  7 - Comparing the Application of Bayesian Modeling and Multi Criteria Decision Making Method in Environmental Risk Assessment of Dams (Case study: Taleghan Dam)
  Negar Tayebzadeh Moghadam Bahram Malekmohammadi Ahmadreza Yavari
  10.22034/jest.2017.10742
  Background and Objective: Environmental risk assessment is an important tool to achieve sustainable development. The purpose of this study is application of Bayesian modeling method based on a hierarchical structure for prioritization, assessment and offering management More

  Background and Objective: Environmental risk assessment is an important tool to achieve sustainable development. The purpose of this study is application of Bayesian modeling method based on a hierarchical structure for prioritization, assessment and offering management solutions to reduce the hazards of Taleghan dam environmental risks. Method: In the first method, environmental risk assessment (ERA) of Taleghan dam was performed by using Bayesian Network (BN) and the Netica software. To compare the results of this method with those of conventional methods such as multi criteria decision making method (MCDM), ERA of Taleghan dam was also performed by MCDM method and use of the Expert Choice software. Findings: Based on the obtained results, the output node of the BN, changes in land use, effects on population and erosion and sedimentation are the most important risks and pollution, seismic, flooding, tourism and ecosensetivity are in second priorities. Conclusion: BN as a new method with some advantages such as considering the relation between variables and uncertainty conditions data is considered flexible model with high capacity for ERA. Therefore, to achieve a comprehensive solution for environmental risk of engineering projects such as dam construction, application of BN based on the MCDM has a high performance.   Manuscript profile
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  8 - Environmental risk assessment of urban development projects Tehran 19th District using spatial EFMEA (Case study: the operation of provincial parks)
  salman hematinia Sahar Rezaeyan Seyed Ali Jozi
  Risk assessment approach is a key element in the establishment and development of management systems. The components of the management systems more and more closely at the results more credible, respectively. One component that is particularly involved in issues of the More

  Risk assessment approach is a key element in the establishment and development of management systems. The components of the management systems more and more closely at the results more credible, respectively. One component that is particularly involved in issues of the environment component is location. The system is designed to produce, analyze, store and display spatial data is geographic information system. The aim of this study was identification and assessment of environmental risk factors with using non-spatial and spatial components including their location and extent of risks affect risk using spatial analysis of failure modes and effects on the environment (Spatial-EFMEA). At first checklist was prepared and preliminary assessment. Then complete Spatial-EFMEA worksheet and then according to the table, analyzed the likelihood and extent of risks and compute risk priority numbers respectively. Finally, using the frequency distribution method, results of the risk levels from low frequency, very low, low, medium, high, very high and critical level were classified for above-average levels of risk control measures and evaluate the proposed secondary. The results showed that 9% of risk associated with the buildings, 25 percent of risk associated with the green space, 16% of risk associated with the Green Ring and band Hulk, 16 percent of risk associated with the women area, 11% of risk associated with the sport area, 6% of risk associated with the parking and 17% of risk associated with the public area.   Manuscript profile
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  9 - Risk management of environmental risks through insurance
  Asma Hamzeh
    Background and Objective: Experimental environmental risk includes the probability and severity of a potential event that has an adverse effect on the environment. Environmental risk may, in addition to causing loss to the environment, also lead to damage to per More

    Background and Objective: Experimental environmental risk includes the probability and severity of a potential event that has an adverse effect on the environment. Environmental risk may, in addition to causing loss to the environment, also lead to damage to persons or their property. Therefore, in response to the complex and real characteristics of environmental pollution risk, the insurance industry has developed new methods to solve the problem of this particular phenomenon in the world. Environmental insurance is a tool to take responsibility for the environmental risks arising from industrial activities in which both the insured and the third party are identified in order to cover the related damages. This type of insurance is a market-oriented solution to reduce corporate operating costs, reduce government costs and advance economic development. Material and Methodology: In this research, descriptive, exploratory and explanatory methods are used. After explaining the dimensions of the issue and providing an overview of the types of risks and damages caused by environmental hazards, it was tried to extract different types of environmental coatings based on international experiences. In order to achieve the desired results, the content of written documents and internationally documented experiences were examined and analyzed. Findings: The requirements and structures required to provide various types of environmental insurance coverage in the country are not yet available. Implementing basic insurance in environmental pollution liability insurance requires overcoming some problems. These problems are usually related to factors that complicate the insurance process. Therefore, considering that no comprehensive research has been conducted in this field in the country, in order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers in the country, this study examines the risks and types of environmental insurance coverage in the global insurance market, the results of this research will pave the way for managers and experts in promoting knowledge and efforts to provide this coverage. Discussion and Conclusion: In order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers, this study was conducted to be useful for use in the country's insurance market and reduce the economic damage caused by it. Therefore, the classification of types of environmental risk, the ability to insure environmental risk, the types of environmental insurance coverage, examples of environmental risk assessment and pricing models and methods of risk transfer were stated. Background and Objective: Experimental environmental risk includes the probability and severity of a potential event that has an adverse effect on the environment. Environmental risk may, in addition to causing loss to the environment, also lead to damage to persons or their property. Therefore, in response to the complex and real characteristics of environmental pollution risk, the insurance industry has developed new methods to solve the problem of this particular phenomenon in the world. Environmental insurance is a tool to take responsibility for the environmental risks arising from industrial activities in which both the insured and the third party are identified in order to cover the related damages. This type of insurance is a market-oriented solution to reduce corporate operating costs, reduce government costs and advance economic development. Material and Methodology: In this research, descriptive, exploratory and explanatory methods are used. After explaining the dimensions of the issue and providing an overview of the types of risks and damages caused by environmental hazards, it was tried to extract different types of environmental coatings based on international experiences. In order to achieve the desired results, the content of written documents and internationally documented experiences were examined and analyzed. Findings: The requirements and structures required to provide various types of environmental insurance coverage in the country are not yet available. Implementing basic insurance in environmental pollution liability insurance requires overcoming some problems. These problems are usually related to factors that complicate the insurance process. Therefore, considering that no comprehensive research has been conducted in this field in the country, in order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers in the country, this study examines the risks and types of environmental insurance coverage in the global insurance market, the results of this research will pave the way for managers and experts in promoting knowledge and efforts to provide this coverage. Discussion and Conclusion: In order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers, this study was conducted to be useful for use in the country's insurance market and reduce the economic damage caused by it. Therefore, the classification of types of environmental risk, the ability to insure environmental risk, the types of environmental insurance coverage, examples of environmental risk assessment and pricing models and methods of risk transfer were stated. Background and Objective: Experimental environmental risk includes the probability and severity of a potential event that has an adverse effect on the environment. Environmental risk may, in addition to causing loss to the environment, also lead to damage to persons or their property. Therefore, in response to the complex and real characteristics of environmental pollution risk, the insurance industry has developed new methods to solve the problem of this particular phenomenon in the world. Environmental insurance is a tool to take responsibility for the environmental risks arising from industrial activities in which both the insured and the third party are identified in order to cover the related damages. This type of insurance is a market-oriented solution to reduce corporate operating costs, reduce government costs and advance economic development. Material and Methodology: In this research, descriptive, exploratory and explanatory methods are used. After explaining the dimensions of the issue and providing an overview of the types of risks and damages caused by environmental hazards, it was tried to extract different types of environmental coatings based on international experiences. In order to achieve the desired results, the content of written documents and internationally documented experiences were examined and analyzed. Findings: The requirements and structures required to provide various types of environmental insurance coverage in the country are not yet available. Implementing basic insurance in environmental pollution liability insurance requires overcoming some problems. These problems are usually related to factors that complicate the insurance process. Therefore, considering that no comprehensive research has been conducted in this field in the country, in order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers in the country, this study examines the risks and types of environmental insurance coverage in the global insurance market, the results of this research will pave the way for managers and experts in promoting knowledge and efforts to provide this coverage. Discussion and Conclusion: In order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers, this study was conducted to be useful for use in the country's insurance market and reduce the economic damage caused by it. Therefore, the classification of types of environmental risk, the ability to insure environmental risk, the types of environmental insurance coverage, examples of environmental risk assessment and pricing models and methods of risk transfer were stated. Manuscript profile
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  10 - Environmental Risk management For Construction phase of Oil Fields Platforms (Case study construction phase of Reshadat oil field)
  Hoda Hosseini Tooraj Dana Reza Arjmandi Iman Shirianpour
  Development in industries and technology on one hand and polluting the environment on the other hand are being interconnected, however we cannot expect industrial development which is necessary for science and economic improvement of human kind without destroying and ef More

  Development in industries and technology on one hand and polluting the environment on the other hand are being interconnected, however we cannot expect industrial development which is necessary for science and economic improvement of human kind without destroying and effecting parts of environment. Oil field are giant structure with drilling, extraction and processing of oil but making them can significant affect on the environment due to taking risk therefore is required continiuos research. Current research was undertaken with  the aim of environmental risk management for construction of Reshadat oil field platforms (comprised of four platforms Q4, W4, W0, and P4) in Farasahel Company that is located in Sadra Island. For this purpose after identifying different activities available in site, effects of these activities on the environmental aspects were analyzed and finally priority risk value for each activity was calculated by considering 3 important factors such as importance, effects and frequency. Upon various Calculations it was determined that 67.7% environmental risks were moderate, 23.44% were on low risks and 8.86% were categorized as high risk activities. Upon presenting corrective management action in order to reduce and control amount of environmental risks, secondary assessment was performed. Due to corrective measurement moderate risks 57.69% and low risks 67.15% and 100% of high risks activities were eliminated. Manuscript profile
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  11 - Environmental risk assessment of Shohadaye Khalij Fars Agro-industrial Complex Using TOPEFMEA method
  Sahar Rezaian Seyed Ali Jozi Sadaf Ataee
  This study was conducted with the aim of environmental risk assessment of Shohadaye Khalij Fars Agro-industrial Complex situated in kilometer 75 of Ahvaz - Khorramshahr Road. In this paper, after reviewing activities, measuring contamination parameters and processes of More

  This study was conducted with the aim of environmental risk assessment of Shohadaye Khalij Fars Agro-industrial Complex situated in kilometer 75 of Ahvaz - Khorramshahr Road. In this paper, after reviewing activities, measuring contamination parameters and processes of sugar production salon of the Complex, environmental risk assessment was performed via TOPMEFEA. This is a hybrid method for the environmental risk assessment which is composed of a combination of the two methods of TOPSIS and EFMEA. For this purpose, in accordance with the method of analysis of failure modes and its impacts on the environment, some worksheets were first designed to assess the environmental risks. In these worksheets, variables such as the identification process of potential failure modes, potential effects of failures, potential causes of failure, initial assessment of the environmental aspects, were studied as environmental aspects. Then, using brainstorming method environmental impacts of each activity were identified and evaluated by relevant personnel and experts. The results showed the entry of contaminants and chemicals to aquatic environment due to sugar production process with the risk priority number of 16 with first priority, and the entry of chemical compounds and carbohydrates into the aquatic environment due to syrup refining, and contaminates. Considering that drainage in this Complex will have the most significant outcomes, the establishment of an industrial refinery and the application of advanced methods of wastewater treatment were among the proposals to reduce the most important risk factors. Manuscript profile
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  12 - A review on the identification and assessment of the aggressive plant species environmental hazard in water ecosystems (case study: Water hyacinth)
  Maryam Panahande Maryam Morovati Mokarrm Ravanbakhsh Safoura Javan
    The invasion of non-native species is the biggest threat to biodiversity in the world, which plays a major role in global change. In the present study have been reported some adverse effects of non-native specie on the the sensitive and fragile ecosystem and the More

    The invasion of non-native species is the biggest threat to biodiversity in the world, which plays a major role in global change. In the present study have been reported some adverse effects of non-native specie on the the sensitive and fragile ecosystem and the current methods have been mentioned the assessing risks of these effects on the environment. For this purpose, a wealth of valuable content has been gathered through a number of online and library searches. Firstly, an overview of the environmental risk assessment approach for the invasive species has been presented to an aquatic ecosystem. Then, the most important undesirable effects can accommodate the common invasive species of Water hyacinth in aquatic ecosystem, as well as the process of assessing the environmental risk to this particular species in a simple and scientific language. Studies have shown that a series of social, economic and health factors, along with ecological parameters, can be effective in identifying species and environmental impacts on sensitive, native and sensitive habitats. Manuscript profile
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  13 - Safety and environmental risk assessment of the mountain sport and resorts of Tehran with an emphasis on the sustainable tourism carrying capacity and the provision of management approaches
  Baranoosh Nikbin Bahram Ghadimi
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  14 - A mathematical model for balancing (cost-time-quality and environmental risks) in oil and gas projects and solving it by multi-objective Bee Colony Algorithm
  Hossein Ali Heydari Heresh Soltanpanah Ayub Rahimzadeh
  10.22034/amfa.2019.1864177.1197
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  15 - Environmental risk assessment of gas pipeline using the kent muhlbauer method
  Mohsen Goudarzi Hamid Reza Jafari Saeid Givehchi
  The purpose of this study is using reformed muhlbauer method in order to evaluate the pipeline environmentalrisk levels. In this method, the total index represents the hazard probability and the leakage factor represents theimpact intensity. The final risk score is obta More

  The purpose of this study is using reformed muhlbauer method in order to evaluate the pipeline environmentalrisk levels. In this method, the total index represents the hazard probability and the leakage factor represents theimpact intensity. The final risk score is obtained by dividing the total score into leakage factor. 32 % of thepipelines contain very high risk and 11 % of the pipelines contain high risk. Medium risk belongs to 23 % of thepipelines and 34 % of the pipelines contain low risk. According to the results of kent malhauber method, themost important risk factor in this study is the High activity levels, low depth of coverage, lack of adequateeducation about the risks of pipelines to nearby residents, the lack of emergency messaging system, Intersectionwith multiple faults, Urban tissue, Population density and Valuable areas Like the National Natural. Manuscript profile
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  16 - Spatial analysis of resilience in urban regions against environmental hazards with emphasis on Corona pandemic (Case study: Tabriz)
  Hamideh Gholami Ali Panahi Hasan Ahmadzadeh
  10.30495/jss.2021.1933739.1348
  One of the dangers that has spread to all parts of the world since 2019 is the outbreak of the corona virus (Covid-19). Considering the negative effects of this disease (human health, social and economic) in different areas and living conditions of cities, the purpose o More

  One of the dangers that has spread to all parts of the world since 2019 is the outbreak of the corona virus (Covid-19). Considering the negative effects of this disease (human health, social and economic) in different areas and living conditions of cities, the purpose of this study is to investigate and spatial analysis of Tabriz regions from the perspective of corona pandemic resilience, in order to identify existing deficiencies and provide solutions, in order to increase the resilience of different spaces of the city, especially vulnerable areas. In this regard, the research method is applied in terms of purpose, survey in terms of implementation method and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population of the study also includes the population of the 10 regions of Tabriz (1773033 people) that the sample size has been calculated based on Cochran model 383 people. Also have been used to analyze the data of VIKOR multi-criteria decision model and entropy Shannon weighting model. Findings show that from the perspective of resilience against corona pandemic, region 2 of the city is in a completely favorable condition, regions 3, 6 and 10 are in a favorable condition, regions 1 and 5 are in a state of relative desirability, region 7 is in an unfavorable state and regions 4, 8 and 9 are also in a completely unfavorable situation. Manuscript profile
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  17 - Environmental risks Assessment of the Construction Project using the EFMEA Method with Emphasis on the risks affecting water pollution
  Ebrahim Nohani eraj charlangbadil
  The purpose of this paper was to Environmental risks Assessment of the Construction Project using the EFMEA Method with Emphasis on the risks affecting water pollution. In this study, through field visits to the construction project, the project activities were fully id More

  The purpose of this paper was to Environmental risks Assessment of the Construction Project using the EFMEA Method with Emphasis on the risks affecting water pollution. In this study, through field visits to the construction project, the project activities were fully identified and then the environmental risks were identified. In order to estimate the amount of risks, according to experts, checks and tables, the EFMEA method was used. Following the work process, solutions and control measures were presented and the risk number was recalculated. According to the results of this study, the highest number of risks was related to secondary accidents (250) and the lowest number of risks was related to manual freight transport activity (8). After presenting control measures, it was observed that the numerical value of environmental risks, especially risks affecting water pollution has decreased. Manuscript profile
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  18 - Ranking of the spatial resilience of Karaj metropolitan areas using the Electre model
  Esmael Nasiri Hendkhaleh
  .AbstractAn important part of resilience in urban systems is the concept of residual physical dimensions that systematically analyzes elements and physical structure. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the physical resilience of metropolitan areas of Karaj base More

  .AbstractAn important part of resilience in urban systems is the concept of residual physical dimensions that systematically analyzes elements and physical structure. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the physical resilience of metropolitan areas of Karaj based on the electric model. The research method was descriptive-analytical. A part of the research data from the comprehensive and detailed design in the form of thirteen terms of the physical-spatial components were selected based on expert opinions and hierarchical techniques. The rest of the information was collected, evaluated and evaluated through library study, documentary and survey using questionnaire and interviewing tool. Data needed for research after extraction using SPSS software were ranked and analyzed by non-parametric statistical methods and electron microscopy. The results show that the total area of one, eight, seven and nine due to the relatively regular segmentation system and the standard width of the standard, the general quality of the existing structures is the most resilient to the physical and 11 and 12 regions and parts of the neighborhoods of Islamabad and Karaj Square due to the uneven distribution of open space and enclosure of public passages are the most desirable places in physical resonance.Keywords: Electric model, Environmental hazards, Resilience, Physical, Karaj metropolis Manuscript profile
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  19 - Application of Multi criteria decision making methods in studies of environmental hazards in Shadegan Wetland
  S. A. Jozi Saffarian Sh.
  There are wetlands and water zoning with unique features such as Shadegan wetland which is considered a national treasure, but unfortunately this ecosystem , includs many of today risks resulting from human activities considering the important of Shadegan Wetland the pr More

  There are wetlands and water zoning with unique features such as Shadegan wetland which is considered a national treasure, but unfortunately this ecosystem , includs many of today risks resulting from human activities considering the important of Shadegan Wetland the present study aimed to determine major environmental risks (the most important environmental important acceptor Abadan gas turbine power plant) and their impact on wetlands Shadegan. As a case study, a questionnaire was prepared in Delphi method and handed to some of the elite and power industry and environmental experts.In this study, to analysis environmental risks Abadan gas power plant on the Shadegan wetland methods of multiple criteria decision making and TOPSIS eigenvector were used. For this purpose, after prioritizing risks of each environment separately using TOPSIS, a one-way ANOVA was used and priority of environmental risk acceptor Abadan gas power plant in the wetland was determined. Results of calculated risk Abadan gas power plant showed that in biological had a physical, chemical and cultural environments the effects on air quality had 0.918 weight, the effect on plant and animal population had a weight of 0.866 and view and landscapes had a  weight of 0.796 are  The most important risks affecting power plant activity on wetland. More solutions to control and reduce the risks identified for sensitive wetland ecosystem and wildlife shelterd Shadegan. Some of these solutions are: variability of activities within the enclosed invironment, the creation and development of green space using consistent species with the environment Manuscript profile
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  20 - Environmental risk assessment of Azad Dam using multiple criteria decision making method
  R. Arjmandi S. Malmasi R. Nezakati Z. Allahdad
  Azad Dam, in the western areas of Kordestan province, is located on KomasiRiver in the distance of 37 kilometers at the west of Sanandaj and 39 kilometers at the south-east of Marivan. In this research, risk assessments of activities during construction phases of the da More

  Azad Dam, in the western areas of Kordestan province, is located on KomasiRiver in the distance of 37 kilometers at the west of Sanandaj and 39 kilometers at the south-east of Marivan. In this research, risk assessments of activities during construction phases of the dam have been studied in order to mitigate the probable risks. To reach this goal, one of the multiple criteria decision making methods by the name of multiple Attribute Decision Making has been used.  Firstly, the risk factors have been recognized and ranked based on their importance, intensity and probable occurrence using Delphi questionnaire Method. Results were analyzed using SPSS software. In the next stage, the whole risk factors of Azad Dam were weighted and their priorities were determined applying Entropy method. Finally, environmental risks were ranked using TOPSIS Model. Results declare that the most important risks of the plan include the risk of  soil pollution and land-cover destruction with the score of 0.895, Komasi River water contamination with the score of 0.667, intense reduction of organic matters and nutrients in Komasi River flow at down side of the dam with a score of 0.597. At the end of this research, an environmental management program was presented to mitigate or control the probable risks of the project. Manuscript profile
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  21 - Environmental Risks Analysis of Helleh Protected Area of Boushehr by Using AHP Method
  S. A. Jozi M. Shafiee
  This study is about Environmental Risks Analysis of Helleh protected area of boushehrwith using AHP method. Helleh protected area with extension about 48940.82 hectares, is located at geographic coordinates of ً24، ´38، 50)  ( till ( ً23،´ 56، 50)eas More

  This study is about Environmental Risks Analysis of Helleh protected area of boushehrwith using AHP method. Helleh protected area with extension about 48940.82 hectares, is located at geographic coordinates of ً24، ´38، 50)  ( till ( ً23،´ 56، 50)eastern longitude and ( ً24، ´03، 29) till ( ً50، ´16، 29)northern latitude. In this study at the first Delphi method was applied for hazard identification in area. Also according to the field studies, interview with natives and studying the database of helleh, the couple of risks were added to the factors that were identified with Delphi method. Finally 26 risks were identified in two groups that are including natural events and environmental risks. At the next stage, analytical hierarchy process was applied for analysis and priority of identified risks. In this study, the risks were assessed by using of three criteria like severity, probability and vulnerability. With building of raeesali delvari dam on top of the helleh protected area almost 232300 m3 from fresh water of helleh wetland was layed off and only the salinity water of DalakiRiver is streaming to the wetland. This can cause threaten the wetland, fauna and flora of wetland. So the Raeesali delvari dam with weight 0.116 is in preference 1. The rest of risks are in preference 2 till 26. Some ways that have suggested for control the risks are including laying off water pumping from the wetland and regarding to the hunting season, multiplicity and type of legal hunting. Manuscript profile
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  22 - Environmental Risk Assessment of Balaroud Dam of Khuzestan`s construction Using Analytical Hierarchy Process
  S. A. Jozi S. M. Hosseini M. Tabib Shoshtare
  This study attempts to determine and assess the Risks due Construction of Balaroud Dam.After the recognition of the activities and the environment of the field under the study with regard to the magnitude of the effects, the likelihood of the possible consequences for h More

  This study attempts to determine and assess the Risks due Construction of Balaroud Dam.After the recognition of the activities and the environment of the field under the study with regard to the magnitude of the effects, the likelihood of the possible consequences for humans, the environment and the working equipments were identified and the classification of the risks based on the delfi method was conducted and the risk-creating factors were classified naturally, biophysically, and anthropogenically. The methodology used was analytical Hierarchy Process. After the creation of the hierarchy of risks; paired comparison matrices were formed with regard to the risk of danger and effect magnitude. Moreover, to obtain the relative and final weight of each of these factors, preferences amounts were given to the expert choice software. results show that cut and fills with the final weight of 0. 277 is the most import risk in the region. Also, drilling and explosion with the final weights of 0.60 and 0.111 are of second and third priority. Other factors are lower in priority. Measures to control and reduce risks are alsoprovided. Manuscript profile
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  23 - Implementation of Analytical Hierarchy Process to Prioritize Health, Safety and Environment Risks of Hydrocarbon-Rich Sludge in South Pars Gas Complex-First Refinery, Iran
  Mehdi Khezri Maryam Farahani Saeed Motahhari Bita Azadbakht
  10.22034/ap.2022.1970981.1137
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  24 - Identification and Assessment of health, safety and environmental risk factors of Chemical Industry using Delphi and FMEA methods (a case study)
  Hassan Azizi Mina Mackialeagha Bita Azadbakht hassan samadyar
  10.22034/ap.2022.1971680.1138
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