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Open Access Article
1 - Cooperation of Iran with the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals "CMS" in the form of Memorandums
Ghazaleh Ketabdari Alireza ZaheriThe Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, also known as CMS or the Bonn Convention, is one of the most important international legally binding agreements on the conservation and management of migratory species. It is a treaty under which a MoreThe Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, also known as CMS or the Bonn Convention, is one of the most important international legally binding agreements on the conservation and management of migratory species. It is a treaty under which all terrestrial, aquatic and avian migratory species are conserved. The CMS commits all States Parties, including Iran, to establish concerted action for migratory animals, and with the necessary infrastructure, emphasizes the basic principles of cooperation and prevention to protect migratory species throughout their migration and habitat. So far, seven legally binding agreements and nineteen executive memorandums of understanding have been concluded under the auspices of the CMS. In this article, these four memoranda of understanding have been studied. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, intends to examine how to implement the provisions of the CMS Convention, its legal and executive gaps and the challenges faced by emphasizing the situation of Iran. The findings of this study show that despite extensive activities and useful measures related to Iranian migratory species within the framework of these four agreements and in the light of cooperation with the CMS Convention, four decades after its establishment and more than two decades of cooperation with Iran, still the satisfactory results in the conservation status of many species is not fully performed. It is deserved that this part of the biodiversity of Iran should be protected and supported favorably by eliminating legal and executive weaknesses and employing efficient, wise and centralized management as well as the cooperation of all organs and the people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Protecting the rights of urban animals by following the example of leading countries
nafise maktabi sepanta mojtahedzade Shima Arab AsadiAnimals that live near humans and in urban areas are often killed by disease and car accidents and are harassed and abused. These animals have a very low level of well-being. Human concerns about the transmission of diseases, especially rabies and bites, and the high re MoreAnimals that live near humans and in urban areas are often killed by disease and car accidents and are harassed and abused. These animals have a very low level of well-being. Human concerns about the transmission of diseases, especially rabies and bites, and the high reproductive capacity of these animals have led humans to take control of urban animals. This study seeks to answer the question of what Iran has done to control the population of urban animals while protecting their rights and whether it has been successful in this regard. This study seeks to answer the question of what Iran has done to control the population of urban animals while protecting their rights and whether it has been successful in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Impact of Religious Belief On How To Deal With Environmental
Maryam rafia Nafise sateThis present article is writing in order to explain the impact of religious belief on how to deal with environmental issues. This papers some how comparative between Islamic theology and the environment, that is used the theological and philosophical foundations for how MoreThis present article is writing in order to explain the impact of religious belief on how to deal with environmental issues. This papers some how comparative between Islamic theology and the environment, that is used the theological and philosophical foundations for how to deal with environmental. Also, environment, in the broadest possible sense used and there is the corresponding nature intended. The relationship between God as creator of the universe, and nature as subject human beings and he's Guide to theology, and the man as heir and representative of by God on earth, that is the power to seize and conquer nature, are the purpose of this article. Therefore introducing the universe as a divine trust and suggests some lessons on how to preserve and maintain it, that Islam requires believers to put it, among the goals or purpose of this paper is to investigate and explain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - An Analysis on Semiotics of Animal Fantasy Characters in Persian and English Children Literature
Sediqeh Sadat Meqdari Fahimeh Tokhm Afshan Rahim Ansari PourThe importance of fantasy stories is in children's unconscious and educating the subjects to deliver the messages or useful understanding. In many fantasy stories, live and insentient characters always depict part of children's expectations or thoughts in the form of th MoreThe importance of fantasy stories is in children's unconscious and educating the subjects to deliver the messages or useful understanding. In many fantasy stories, live and insentient characters always depict part of children's expectations or thoughts in the form of their own characters; they enter children's unconscious and affect them through story dramatizing. The present research studies the works in the field of children's fantasy literature in Persian and English and survey them from discourse comparative analysis viewpoint. In order to achieve this, two story series have been chosen: "Helen Beatrix Potter stories" in English and "Short stories for little children" in Persian. By studying semiotics of fantasy characters, the outcomes show that fantasy as a branch of literature is not different in Persian and English and the only difference is in data and different presentment of fantasy characters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Dragon confrontation with other animals in Iranian and world mythology
Mohammad Abbaszadeh Seyed Mahmoud Seyed SadeghiDragon is a mythical and strange creature that is depicted almost in the form of a lizard or a giant snake and has a prominent role in all the myths of the world. This mythical creature in the culture of all nations except China, is a symbol of filth and impurity that s MoreDragon is a mythical and strange creature that is depicted almost in the form of a lizard or a giant snake and has a prominent role in all the myths of the world. This mythical creature in the culture of all nations except China, is a symbol of filth and impurity that spews fire out of its mouth and it is the enemy of man and other creatures, and intends to destroy man and the world and in this role, Its demonic aspect becomes more apparent. Accordingly, in the myths and legends of the world, heroes are constantly in battle with this ugly animal to rid the world of its existence.Research shows that this ugly and demonic animal not only fights with heroes, but also does not have a good relationship with other creatures and animals, and evidence and images remained from the past indicate that it has also been fighting with other mythical animals such as Simorgh and Loin. In the remained images, even the battle of the two dragons has been seen. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Animals’ Behavior from Quran & Narrations Viewpoint
Babak Hadian Heidari Mohammad SharifiSince human set foot on the universe, he has tried to know and lead animals; but the cognition of animals becomes more accurate when it comes to knowing their moral qualities, because by knowing these qualities, man can control animals in order to use them properly. Ani MoreSince human set foot on the universe, he has tried to know and lead animals; but the cognition of animals becomes more accurate when it comes to knowing their moral qualities, because by knowing these qualities, man can control animals in order to use them properly. Animal morality is very influential in human life because animals live in a common environment with humans and in addition to benefiting more and more from animals it leads to a peaceful life with animals. thus and because of the importance of the mentioned issue, the authors of the present article intend to study it by citing Quran and narrations with a descriptive – analytical method. The results of the research indicate that each animal has unique moral characteristics that are very effective in recognizing the animals in a way that neither they are being hurt nor harms they harm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Literary Analysis of Fables in Selected works of four Decades of Iran's Children Literature
Soheila Vaziri Mehr Mostafa Salari Behrouz RoumiyaniAnimals' stories or fables are one of the most effective and important methods which creates more eagerness and keenness in reader to follow the story events and result and transfer the ethical evil and good better; this is because of the dreamy aspect of this type of s MoreAnimals' stories or fables are one of the most effective and important methods which creates more eagerness and keenness in reader to follow the story events and result and transfer the ethical evil and good better; this is because of the dreamy aspect of this type of stories. Many books have been written in fables field and vast researches have been done as well but little attention to Iran's children works paid; most of researches in the field of fable are done on Iran's classic works such as Kalila and Dimna and some of Attar's works. The present article is written with the aim of finding the reaction of fable in selected works of four decades of Iran's children literature. To achieve this, initially exact meaning of fable is analyzed. The result of the research in four decades of Iran's children literature shows that fables are manifested in those decades in different forms either in poetries or in stories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Setting Deadlines in Contract Options: The Extent of Exercise of the Right of Annulment and the Authority of Decision Judgment in a Lawsuit
Abolfazl Amani mehtarlo Esmat al-Sadat Tabatabaei Lotfi Nasrin KarimiContract option refers to the right of annulment, in which setting deadlines plays a vital role concerning the rights of parties involved in contract. In some options that form the basis of contract (such as conditional option), unawareness about contract deadline, or f MoreContract option refers to the right of annulment, in which setting deadlines plays a vital role concerning the rights of parties involved in contract. In some options that form the basis of contract (such as conditional option), unawareness about contract deadline, or failure to set it, may invalidate contract. In other types of options, the contract remains valid if the option is not practiced in its due time. Although jurisprudence and law have discussed the time span for options, there are always challenges in determining whether the options have been applied within the deadline. In the present study, all types of options have been independently described and analyzed in three categories: urgent, unidentified urgent and non-urgent. At the appointed time, the deadline may be determined based on agreement or a prescription of law. The authority in litigations is expert judgment, especially for urgent and common non-urgent cases, and doubtful situations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Symbolic study of animals in Moin al-ddin Jovayni's Negarestan
Narges Rezvani Moghadam Iraj Mehraki Azar Daneshgar Zahra DorriSymbols often originates from nature, national and mythological rituals, and religion and are one of the methods of communicating and conveying meanings. The words in addition of its true meaning, evoke multiple and even contradictory meanings and images that to be arou MoreSymbols often originates from nature, national and mythological rituals, and religion and are one of the methods of communicating and conveying meanings. The words in addition of its true meaning, evoke multiple and even contradictory meanings and images that to be aroused different emotional reactions and feelings in the reader. In Persian literature, from the names of all kinds of animals have been used in various cases and in different meanings. Animals whose names are sometimes be applied in the real sense and sometimes in the unreal and symbolic sense. In this research, the symbolic study of animals is discussed in the book of Jovayni's Negarestan. Animals have been divided from the direction of symbolic meaning and real meaning, and the frequency of each item is also provided. Moin al-ddin Jovayni's Negareatan is a book written in imitation of Saadi's Golestan. The study method is based on theoretical principles and descriptive-analytical method and research tools, has been books and Information and library resources in this area. In compiling the desired contents due to the multiplicity and diversity of different species of animals, they are divided into four groups: ((livestock)), ((birds)), ((insects and vermin)); and ((aquatic)) and has been brought explanations and documents on their symbolic concepts in each group. The aim of writing the research was to find out what symbolic meanings the animals in Moin al-ddin Jovayni's Negarestan were used and to determine the frequency of each. The result of this study reveals that Jovayni has used in respectively from animals, birds, insects and vermin and aquatic animals in the symbolic and real meanings. The amounts of application of real concepts is more in all kinds, and in insects and vermin, symbolic meanings and real concepts are almost equal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - A Comparative Study of Supernatural Creatures and Animals in The Shahnameh and Gilgamesh
Ali Fakuri Joybari Reza Forsati Joybari Nahid AkbariSupernatural forces are special forces that exist potentially in humans, animals, and even objects, and under certain circumstances, give rise to incredible actions the root of which must be sought in ancient times . Must be searched. In ancient myths, these supernatura MoreSupernatural forces are special forces that exist potentially in humans, animals, and even objects, and under certain circumstances, give rise to incredible actions the root of which must be sought in ancient times . Must be searched. In ancient myths, these supernatural beings compensate for the inadequacies and shortcomings of kings and heroes in achieving the goal. Belief in these forces can be seen in ancient and remarkable masterpieces such as Gilgamesh, The Shahnameh, Ramayana, Iliad and Odyssey. Therefore, the present study examines supernatural beings in two valuable ancient epics: The Shahnameh and Gilgamesh. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and the authors seek to find out in which epic the influence of supernatural forces is more evident. The results show that supernatural beings and creatures in Shahnameh are superior to the epic of Gilgamesh in terms of diversity, role and function, so that some of these creatures and animals have played a fundamental and important role in the epic and national process of the work. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - This bulletin survey the animals role in the sadi s production
AHMAD ZAKERI faeze jamaran -
Open Access Article
12 - Comparing the Life of Sadegh Hedayat and the Works of Sohrab Sepehri
Farhad TahmasebiDDOODDOO Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Khaghani and Folk Beliefs About Animals
Hossein Zanganeh Iraj MehrakiKhaghani is one of the high level poets of Persian poetry and prose in the sixth century AH. He has been a man who has aristocracy on various topics, and he refers in his poems to various sciences. From the sociological point of view of literature, in which, nowadays co MoreKhaghani is one of the high level poets of Persian poetry and prose in the sixth century AH. He has been a man who has aristocracy on various topics, and he refers in his poems to various sciences. From the sociological point of view of literature, in which, nowadays considered by literary critics, Khaghani's poetry is full of social and political issues. One component of the sociology of literature is popular culture, or in other words, folklore. Khaghani's poetical work is full of folk beliefs of his era. Popular beliefs about animals can be found in the subset of popular culture. Surprisingly, some of these beliefs are applicable even now among the populace and properties.In this essay, the authors have attempted to examine, through a descriptive-analytical method, a section of Folklore in Khaghani's poetical work and to elucidate Khaghani's view of some superstitious material of his era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Comparative comparison of the function of animal allegory in "Kalileh and Demneh", "Marzbannameh" and "Sandbadnameh"
Marjan Aliakbarzade zehtab Tahereh Mehri MalafjaniThe main problem of the current research is the comparison of the function of animal allegory in three educational works; Kalila and Demneh, Marzbannameh and Sandbadnameh are used to explain how each of the three works in question have used the allegory of animals in li MoreThe main problem of the current research is the comparison of the function of animal allegory in three educational works; Kalila and Demneh, Marzbannameh and Sandbadnameh are used to explain how each of the three works in question have used the allegory of animals in line with their specific goals. The value of this research is due to the literary importance of allegory and also the valuable literary position of the three works in question in the field of educational literature. The most important questions in front of it are; In the three considered works, which functions are considered for animal allegory? What are the similarities and differences between these functions? This research was written with library tools and in a descriptive-analytical method, and it was provided by examining examples of stories with allegory of animals from all three mentioned books. The research findings show that; The authors of all three mentioned books have revealed complex meanings and expressed moral virtues and vices by using the allegory of animals. The function of allegory in Kalileh and Demneh relies more on the balance of power and is often political, social and moral, but the function of allegory in Marzbannameh is more moral, social and political, and in Sandbadnameh, by using allegory based on the beliefs of that time, it deals with the tricks of women. It is moral, social and cultural. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The studying symbols in children stories with emphasis on some books published in 1380s by children and teenager intellectual training association
Mandana Alimi Maliheh Hefz saheThe story in the literature making today to two real and Virtual Learning. use real words in real space and virtual and precise meaning to word usage in the sense unreal. Two kind of famous in the story are allowed, allegory and symbol of which are indirect and implicit MoreThe story in the literature making today to two real and Virtual Learning. use real words in real space and virtual and precise meaning to word usage in the sense unreal. Two kind of famous in the story are allowed, allegory and symbol of which are indirect and implicit concepts indicator in the story are. In fact symbol method is correct-that the author with the use of a subject under the cover the theme of other nothing and according to other things shows and scenes and concepts to appeal to witness and example before it takes the author in this article with method of case selection and 50 the story of the universals to the examination of two important elements in allegory and symbol of the story of the children and Teenager . research has been done shows the fact that there is emotional to the world and children element in allegory and symbol of the special and extensive literature to children. Use of different kinds of symbols and allegory are writers-writers special to the story literature children-educational goals in inserting and upbringing indirect in the stories helped. Using the-dimensional style (or character of) belong to the animal kingdom, objects, space and time relations for human reflection and transmission of messages in the form of moral literature children in Iran. and major part of the book has been translated into the published or by the Center of Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults the book special age group Children animals of the kind of the story. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Allegory Role of Animals in Tarb al-Majales
reza elyasi Maryam mahmoodiUsing the role of animals as characters in storytelling and storytelling is one of the tools that writers and storytellers have long been interested in and benefited from. Among the works that have been used in some of the animals for symbolic and symbolic roles is the MoreUsing the role of animals as characters in storytelling and storytelling is one of the tools that writers and storytellers have long been interested in and benefited from. Among the works that have been used in some of the animals for symbolic and symbolic roles is the seventh-century work by Tarb al-Majalis, a work by Mir Hossein Ghori Heravi. Mir Hosseini Heravi has used various animals as part of his book's story in the third part of the book, "On the virtue and dignity of man over all animals." The book mentions more than 60 different beasts, each with their own role in the story, an example of the character that exists in the outside world, and Mir Hosseini Heravi using these symbolic and symbolic characters. Designed for each of these animals in society and in people's minds, he has expressed his educational, ethical, and educational goals in this mystical work. Therefore, this book can be regarded as an educational and symbolic work, given its effective and widespread use of the female role of the various animals in it, and its place as an allegorical work in Persian and mystical literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The presence of animals in Shahnameh with a view to the allegorical and symbolic role
Batol Fakhreslam Roghayeh Mehmandoost katlar Mahbobeh zea khodadadiyan Parvin dokht MashourOne of the reasons for the charm of the epic tales is the presence of animals in Shahnameh with a symbolic and allegorical effect. Ferdowsi has been able to enjoy animals to increase the content of the Shahnameh with perfect art. Of course, it should be noted that the s MoreOne of the reasons for the charm of the epic tales is the presence of animals in Shahnameh with a symbolic and allegorical effect. Ferdowsi has been able to enjoy animals to increase the content of the Shahnameh with perfect art. Of course, it should be noted that the scope of parables in literature has a long history and playing roleby the animalshas been emphasized in Iranian literary culture. In such a culture, the story and allegory were current in human life, and for this reason it always considered a social, political, and even historic role for animals that was divided into different types such as mystical allegory, epic parable, political parable, … and animals have various kinds and in this regard, the characters who have an intermediate aspect are either gray or neutral, and sometimes multi-faceted. Ferdowsi has been able to illustrate the bond between human beings and animals by creating the animal's personality as well as passion in the stories of the Shahnameh with the art of allegory, and for its ethical teachings, which have epic and mythical colors and use well. The animals of Shahnameh stand alone as an example of an allegorical example of adventures and attractive events. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - A study on symbolic allegories in Marzbanname
Masoud Pakdel Masoumeh Mirabone of the best parables٫ parable animal analogy is that Europeans to the fable locally and it is one of the literary species٫the fable are heroes is animal ssuggests that each represent a chass of people in society. Marzban name book of artifact prose master pieces of Moreone of the best parables٫ parable animal analogy is that Europeans to the fable locally and it is one of the literary species٫the fable are heroes is animal ssuggests that each represent a chass of people in society. Marzban name book of artifact prose master pieces of animal language and imitation of Kalila and demne written. Artistic author book٫and with wide viewing social and cultural٫he has can the heroes of the store are the same animals٫as a suitable tool for the benefit of their opinione. Reflecting on the stories seem very wise and instructive ethical issues are presented. The here is no negative point which is irritable consequences٫ can not be seem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Political and educational position of aquatic animals in Kalileh and Demneh
hossein abbasnejad parvaneh Adelzadeh kamran pashayi fakhriMost of the stories of Kalileh and Demneh are allegorical and in the language of animals. Probably the main reason for the use of animal characters is its political, educational content. Animals, in allegorical texts by playing an allegorical and symbolic role, in addit MoreMost of the stories of Kalileh and Demneh are allegorical and in the language of animals. Probably the main reason for the use of animal characters is its political, educational content. Animals, in allegorical texts by playing an allegorical and symbolic role, in addition to causing the diversity and attractiveness of anecdotes and stories, poets and writers benefit from the approach of their allegorical role, more to achieve political, educational, moral and especially social ethics goals. They are looking. The stories of Kalileh and Demneh often reflect the pyramid of power and the advancement of moral teachings in society (India, Iran, and the Islamic world); It shows that by analyzing the text, the structure of political and educational status and its effect on individual and social behaviors can be discovered and studied. This issue has been addressed in Kalileh and Demneh. An attempt has been made to evaluate the content of several stories in terms of political dimension, education by considering managerial aspects, such as decision making, planning, organization and organizational behavior in a society or social institution. And the symbolic characters of the anecdotes are introduced by the role they play in the stories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Comparison of different methods for ectoparasite infestation detection in Laboratory bred animals and standardization of their health certificate
mohammad AbdigoudarziIn order to study external parasites of laboratory reared animals at Razi institute, different methods including brushing of animal's surface body, cellophane tape of body surface, peri-anal cellophane tape test (CTT) and skin scrapings and digestive method were applied MoreIn order to study external parasites of laboratory reared animals at Razi institute, different methods including brushing of animal's surface body, cellophane tape of body surface, peri-anal cellophane tape test (CTT) and skin scrapings and digestive method were applied and collected samples were studied. In addition, field collected rats were tested using brushing method. One mouse had been infested by some mites. Rabbits, rats, mice and guinea pigs had not been infested with external parasites. Field collected rats had been highly infested with mites from the family Laelapidae. The, brushing method was confirmed to be a useful method for mite detection. According to the methods used in this study and these recommended by SOP from international animal breeding centers the CTT method was proposed to be useful for preparing health certificate of laboratory animals at the department of laboratory animal breading at Razi institute. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Investigating how the myth of the sun affects the animals associated with this myth in ancient Iran
masoomeh rahnama haratbar mohammad karim yosef jamali Feyzollah Boushasb gousheh Ahmad KamranifarIn this research,how the myth of the sun affects the animals related to this myth in the period of ancient iran is investigated.The main question that has been raised and studied in this regard is how the myth of the sun has affected the animals related to this myth and MoreIn this research,how the myth of the sun affects the animals related to this myth in the period of ancient iran is investigated.The main question that has been raised and studied in this regard is how the myth of the sun has affected the animals related to this myth and what factors have been involved in this matter?This article is a historical research and the method of collecting data is library and the method of compiling and writing is a descriptive-analytical.The results show that the myth of the sun is a symbol of the sun is a symbol of kingship and the animals associated whit this myth also show that power and kingship and a clear victory over darkneaa and light and life is the basis of the sun,which along with different religions of ancient iran.It plays an important role in determining the effect of the myth of the sun on solar and royal animals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Investigating the role of animals in the common proverbs of Rostam city
Gholamali Mohammadi Atamohammad Radmanesh Mahboubeh KhorasaniThe folk literature of every nation and region, including poetry and prose, and oral literature, reflects and expresses thought, belief, customs, behavior, cultural and social relations, and the way of life. Among the proverbs of Rostam city, animals play a significant MoreThe folk literature of every nation and region, including poetry and prose, and oral literature, reflects and expresses thought, belief, customs, behavior, cultural and social relations, and the way of life. Among the proverbs of Rostam city, animals play a significant role. According to the studies, one-seventh of the proverbs are dedicated to animals. These animals, divided into domestic and wild, are animals closely related to the lives of the people of this land. Looking at the animal community in these parables is in fact the sociology of humans. Some of the animal's behavior, movements, and temperament are reflected in humans, which provides a parable based on allegory, metaphor, or irony. The animals with which man is most associated in daily life have more proverbs in his dignity and the reflection of his behavior is more dramatic. The animal that offers the most services is a human with a positive role, and the one that threatens life is a person with a negative role. A description of an animal in a proverb is in fact an expression of the characteristic of the person who is characterized by it. All this, like the dignity of animals, with their application in the culture of the people of this city, is nothing but education, growth and training, which emphasizes the important role of humanization to create a healthy society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Investigation of Linguistic Images of Varaki Variety regarding the Ecolinguistics
Zahra Hosseini Raha ZareifardEcolinguistics is an interdisciplinary approach attracted the attention of many researchers in different fields. The environmental elements represented in everyday language, idioms and proverbs of different varieties. This article aims at investigating the ecological im MoreEcolinguistics is an interdisciplinary approach attracted the attention of many researchers in different fields. The environmental elements represented in everyday language, idioms and proverbs of different varieties. This article aims at investigating the ecological images in, idioms and proverbs of Varaki Variety. The data gathered from 8 informants (4 men and 4 women) between 38 to 80 years old. After gathering data, data transcribed, and then analyzed by ecolinguistic approach. Linguistic images include similie, metonymy, irony and proverbs. For revealing these images, animals and plants play important role. The characteristics of animals are more frequent than plants. The images of animals include animal appearance and behavior. Animal images include animals such as sheep, donkey, cow, calf, dog, goat, bear, hog, wolf, hen, ram, cat, camel and insects. Physical characteristics include fatness, thinness, weakness, ugliness and beauty. Behavioral characteristics include fast, slow, anger isolation, persistence, ignorance, and insidious ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Vicia variabilis a Nutritive Feed for Domesticated Animals: A Survey about Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activity
M. Mosaddegh M. Hamzeloo Moghadam F. Naghibi S. Mohebby A. Pirani B. Eslami -
Open Access Article
25 - Insights of Herbal Supplements during Transition Period in Dairy Animals: An Updated Review
K.R. Sriranga A.K. Singh K.R. Harini A. Kumar I. Mukherjee A.B. Durge K.P. Mohanta -
Open Access Article
26 - جدایی از طبیعت: دیدگاه بومی-منتقدانه نسبت به The Heart Goes Last
Fatemeh Golpaygani رویا Yaghoubi محمد مطیعیمقاله حاضر کتاب The Heart Goes Last (2015) اثر اتوود را از دیدگاه اکو انتقادی تحلیل می کند. دغدغه اصلی بوم نقد ایجاد رابطه نزدیک بین زبان طبیعت و زبان ادبی است. به همین ترتیب، گرگوری گارارد راههای جدیدی را بین انسان و محیط زیست در حوزههای فرهنگی در سال 2016 توضیح داد، Moreمقاله حاضر کتاب The Heart Goes Last (2015) اثر اتوود را از دیدگاه اکو انتقادی تحلیل می کند. دغدغه اصلی بوم نقد ایجاد رابطه نزدیک بین زبان طبیعت و زبان ادبی است. به همین ترتیب، گرگوری گارارد راههای جدیدی را بین انسان و محیط زیست در حوزههای فرهنگی در سال 2016 توضیح داد، اگرچه سه موج به سمت این رویکرد در دهه 2000 وجود داشت. به دست آوردن اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد جهان طبیعی نه تنها برای بحران زیست محیطی فعلی بلکه برای بلایای احتمالی در آینده بسیار مهم است. به این ترتیب، مردم در بسیاری از بخش های زندگی خود رویای طبیعت را می بینند که در رمان مورد بحث قرار خواهد گرفت. این رویاها تمایل درونی افراد را به محیط خود به عنوان بخشی اجتناب ناپذیر از زندگی نشان می دهد. جدای از طبیعت، فجایع قابل قبولی را در زندگی انسان به دنبال خواهد داشت. در همین حال، اتوود طبیعت را به عنوان نگرانی برای نگرانی های اکولوژیکی جهانی توصیف کرده است. نقش اکوسفر جدای از مفید بودن حیوانات در این مقاله نیز مورد تحلیل قرار می گیرد. از این رو، در نظر گرفتن تأثیرگذارترین عوامل بومشناسی به خوانندگان کمک میکند تا جهان را بهتر بشناسند و احتمالاً تلاش خواهند کرد رویکرد نظری را عملی کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The Ritual of Sacrifice of Animals in the Persian Poetry-Narrative Texts; An Analysis Based on Theories of Sacrifice
ayoob omidi maryam mosharrafThe ritual of sacrifice, as a religious-social behavior, is one of the ancient rituals that has remained among different ethnic groups in different ways. The present study tries to study the position of sacrificial animals in the Persian poetry-narrative texts (up to th MoreThe ritual of sacrifice, as a religious-social behavior, is one of the ancient rituals that has remained among different ethnic groups in different ways. The present study tries to study the position of sacrificial animals in the Persian poetry-narrative texts (up to the 7th AH century) through a descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research show that sacrificial humans are gradually being replaced by sacrificial animals, and this is one of the good deeds of the founders of the divine religions. According to various texts of Persian literature, most animals like cows, camels, sheep, horses and sometimes mares, zebras, donkeys and chickens are sacrificed on various occasions such as scapegoating, repelling misfortune, protecting from evil eye, thanksgiving, succeeding in affairs, giving birth to child, repelling magic and talisman. The ritual of sacrifice is equally reflected in epic and mystical texts, but in the lyrical texts, due to the romantic atmosphere of them, there is often talk of donating animals to temples and fire temples, and there is rarly talk of shedding animal blood. Fraser's theory about scapegoating as well as Tylor and Boyce's views about the sacrifice as a gift to the gods are more efficient and flexible than other theories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Allegorical Reflection of the Carnal Soul in MasnaviManvavi
Farhād Tahmāsebi Shahin Ayyāmi Badr-louJalāl al-Din Rūmi insists on recognizing the carnal soul. The soul is an abstract concept and is far from human understanding, so for depicting it, Rūmi uses allegory in which he relates the human soul to the elements of nature. Among the souls, he focuses more on the c MoreJalāl al-Din Rūmi insists on recognizing the carnal soul. The soul is an abstract concept and is far from human understanding, so for depicting it, Rūmi uses allegory in which he relates the human soul to the elements of nature. Among the souls, he focuses more on the carnal soul and tries to express its ugliness by using allegories about animals and the four elements. By this way, he refers to didactic and ethic issues and by an indirect and impressive way warns his readers of the carnal soul. In the present article, the allegories related to the carnal soul have been extracted from first three books of Masnavi Manvavi and have been divided to two groups of allegory: allegories of animals and imaginary beings, allegories of the four elements and inanimate. In order to show the results clearly, the rate of usage of the concept has been presented by diagrams and samples. In the first group, the imaginary beings have the most frequency and in the second group, the most common element of the carnal soul belongs to fire. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Effect of nucleotides administration on growth and infectious disease resistance in aquatic animals
Habib Sarsangi Aliabad Recently, the use of dietary nucleotides has mentioned in aquaculture, due to improvement in immune system, increasing growth parameters and absorption in the intestine. In general, nucleotides nearly, affect all cellular processes and play an important rol More Recently, the use of dietary nucleotides has mentioned in aquaculture, due to improvement in immune system, increasing growth parameters and absorption in the intestine. In general, nucleotides nearly, affect all cellular processes and play an important role in structural and regulatory functions of the body. Nucleotides continuously are synthesis, degradation and recycling in the cell. The immune system cell such as lymphocytes, red blood cells, hematopoietic cells and intestinal mucosa due to rapid metabolism and fast reaction, also need to high level of nucleotide, have a very limited capacity for nucleotide synthesis. In these cells, exogenous nucleotide administration, is very important for normal functions. Over the past two decades, use of nucleotides in diets has been examined for improving the immune system against viruses, bacteria and parasites, liver function, increased levels of absorption in the intestine and growth, fat and protein metabolism, biochemical and physiological functions and improve the stress response in marine animals. In addition, these compounds are important to energy transmission. Their effect on maturation, activation and phagocytosis of macrophages in humans and animals have been reported. There is a little information about their physiological functions in fish and more research is needed in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Raising the mythological characters by animals and mythological creatures (In epics and Iranian and non-Iranian narratives)
Narges Mohammadi Badr Yahya Nooroddini Aghdam Despite their complexities and variations among the mythological archetypes a kind of concordance and closeness is observed in their main theme which renders the comparative study of these narratives possible; the subject of raising certain mythological characters More Despite their complexities and variations among the mythological archetypes a kind of concordance and closeness is observed in their main theme which renders the comparative study of these narratives possible; the subject of raising certain mythological characters by animals and mythological creatures is of utmost importance. The close study of mythological narratives reveals that in the beginning man and animals lived together and lived in the same manner and no wonder that many of former Gods had dual nature. In many narratives humans and mythological personages were chosen and raised by some animals and due to this upbringing the good or evil nature of those animals were manifested in the material lives of their protected. These narratives are so widespread to the extent that one witnesses their similarity form the Far Eastern myths to Western ones. What is worthy of attention in this regard is the fantastic influence that animals in raising the humans leave behind in forming their characters that place them far beyond the other individuals. The best example of such characteristics are found in the Persian epic myth culture namely in the story of Raising Feraydun by the cow Barmayeh, and the raising of Zal by Simorgh. The subject of this article however limited is reflected in books such as “Dictionary of Greek and Roman myths” under the entry “Paris” and “Romelus”, Shahnameh in the tale of Feraydun and Zal, “Dictionary of the Greek myths” in the story of raising Eskandar and so forth and the role of animals were pointed out in raising these characters. As far as the author of this article is concerned a work which independently deals with all aspects of raising mythological characters by animals in the myths of different nations was not found, thus the present research aware of such necessity and by employing the comparative approach aims to study and discuss these mythological narratives. Manuscript profile
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