The most geometric properties of inner product spaces like strict convexity and smoothness my fail to hold in a general normed linear spaces. Also, some main properties of the orthogonality in inner product spaces do not always carry over to generalized orthogonalities. More
The most geometric properties of inner product spaces like strict convexity and smoothness my fail to hold in a general normed linear spaces. Also, some main properties of the orthogonality in inner product spaces do not always carry over to generalized orthogonalities. Taking these into account different types of orthogonality relations provide a good frame for studying the geometric properties of normed linear spaces.In this paper, we give a characterization of inner product spaces using the notion of Hermite–Hadamard type of Carlsson’s orthogonality in normed linear spaces. First, we provide some more results about the existence property of this orthogonality. Next, we prove that Hermite-Hadamard type of Carlsson’s orthogonality is additive in a normed linear space X if and only if X is an inner product space. Our approach to prove this fact is using the relationship between Birkhoff-James orthogonality and the Gateaux differentiability of the norm of normed linear spaces.
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AbstractNutrition or enrichment is an important issue in all aquatic ecosystems of the world and wetlands are one of the most sensitive habitats to this problem and assessing the trophic status of a wetland is the first step in assessing its quality. The aim of this stu More
AbstractNutrition or enrichment is an important issue in all aquatic ecosystems of the world and wetlands are one of the most sensitive habitats to this problem and assessing the trophic status of a wetland is the first step in assessing its quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the water quality characteristics and nutritional status of Ainak wetland in Rasht using the Carlson trophy index. The area of this water zone is 36.5 hectares and its water supply source is rainfall and urban wastewater and Sefidrud river. This wetland is located in the west of Rasht metropolis and consists of four different parts. In order to determine the physicochemical factors of water in each section of a station, sampling and sampling from autumn 1396 to summer 1397 were performed seasonally in them during a year and the annual average of the factors showed that: water temperature 3 times / 18 ° C, pH equal to 7.21, Water soluble oxygen 2.75 mg / L, BOD59 / 10 mg / L, COD42 / 24 mg / L, TDS25 / 733 mg / L, total nitrogen 21.5 mg / L, chlorophyll A 0.062 mg / L, total phosphate 0.95 mg / L, depth Disk visibility was 0.35 meters. The average annual Carlson trophy index of this wetland was determined based on the depth of viscous disk viscosity 76.78, total phosphate 99.80 and chlorophyll A 69.74. It has a fundamental action to improve nutritional conditions.
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Background and Objective: Anzali international wetland is the most important wetland in the southern part of Caspian Basin and factors have led it to become hypertrophic such as large quantities of input nitrogen and phosphorus.Material and Methodology: In this study du More
Background and Objective: Anzali international wetland is the most important wetland in the southern part of Caspian Basin and factors have led it to become hypertrophic such as large quantities of input nitrogen and phosphorus.Material and Methodology: In this study during one year and at five stations, seasonal physicochemical factors such as (total nitrogen (2.34 ± 0.62 mg / l), total phosphorus (2.2 ± 0.29). 0 mg / l), Secchi disk (SD) transparency (0.56 ± 0.5 m) and chlorophyll a (9.49 ± 7.49 μg / l) were measured and, using Carlson Trophic Index, trophic level of different parts of the wetland in The different seasons were calculated.Findings: According to the analysis of variance (Tukey's test in one-way ANOVA), p values of <0.05 were statistically significant. The differences in pH and time of TN were significant. TP did not show significant differences in time and location. According to the results of the study, all parts of Anzali wetland are in eutrophic state and the highest values of TSI (TN / TP=70.49) were reported in central part of wetland, according to Carlson Trophic Index based on total phosphorus (TP=93.36) of all wetlands Hypertrophes are located, the highest of which is recorded in the eastern part of the wetland.Discussion and Conclusion: The eutrophication process of the Anzali wetland ecosystem in the year under study shows a growing trend. And in many parts of the wetland they are in the final stages of eutrophication (hypertrophy). Monitoring the inflow of rivers leading to the wetland, promoting sustainable agriculture, preventing the change in the use of the margins of the wetland, can be considered as effective strategies to control the progressive process.
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