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Open Access Article
1 - Assessment of urban resilience dimensions,with using the method average total distances of optimal limites(research on municipality 9 of Mashhad)
Hamid Ahmadzadeh kermani Bahram Aminzadeh GoharriziCities as the most complex human-made manifestations face a wide range of risks due to a wide range of hazards and multiple vulnerabilities.Natural disasters have always been a major challenge in achieving sustainable development of human societies. As a result, ways to MoreCities as the most complex human-made manifestations face a wide range of risks due to a wide range of hazards and multiple vulnerabilities.Natural disasters have always been a major challenge in achieving sustainable development of human societies. As a result, ways to achieve this development have become necessary through vulnerability reduction models. Today, disaster management and sustainable development perspectives and perspectives seek to create resilient societies against natural hazards. Hence, according to many researchers, resilience is one of the most important issues for achieving sustainability. Resilience is a way to strengthen societies by using its capacities, and different definitions, approaches, indicators, and measurement models have been developed. The view that has existed in disaster management and urban management has long been the focus of coping and mitigation. In the meantime, the concept of resilience is a new concept that is used more in the face of unknowns and uncertainties. It can be said that the domain of literature on hazards and disruptions has changed in a paradigm shift from (hazard assessment) to (vulnerability analysis). It can be understood that the system can absorb and manage risks ). The framework for the Hyogo plan was approved by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) on January 22, 2005, which is a positive move in this regard. This research is aimed at: the attempt to explain the components and characteristics of resilient constructivism and to determine the contribution of factors affecting the resilience strengthening, Emphasis on recognition of different levels of resilience of individuals and groups of society, efforts to provide solutions to reduce the natural disasters of earthquakes in urban areas.Considering the study and explanation of the relationship between urban community resilience to reduce the effects of natural disasters, especially earthquakes, in order to better understand the resilience dimensions and strategies for risk reduction policies, the four dimensions of the resiliency approach have been investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyze Indicators and resiliency measures, explanation of different models of resilient measurements, survey of resilience of Mashhad 9th district in accordance with selected indicators in resiliency. 9 area of Mashhad municipality in terms of accumulation of main branch faults Mashhad is of high importance in terms of crisis. Therefore, after analyzing the indices in the field of resonance and measuring these indices in the region and comparing them with the optimum level, the numerical value of the area's resilience was calculated using the average distance of the optimal range. In this The three dimensions of social, economic, and spatial dimensions were studied and the numerical values of the IIF, DSF and URF indices were calculated. Finally, the numerical value of the resilience of the area was 0.89, which shows a rather resilient state. Given the degree of resilience The weaknesses in the area were studied in the indexes and crisis in the economic dimension was strongly observed. At the end, suggestions are also given to maintain and improve desirable indicators and to improve desirable indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Spaces in Majma‘al-Bayan and the SemanticLinks with the Quranic Verses
Ali Asghar akhondySpaces are Quranic phenomena which play important role in verses' appearance, orderliness and cohesion and it's necessary to be paid attension from different aspects. One of the most important sources of analyzing the mentioned phenomenon is the interpretation. Becase o MoreSpaces are Quranic phenomena which play important role in verses' appearance, orderliness and cohesion and it's necessary to be paid attension from different aspects. One of the most important sources of analyzing the mentioned phenomenon is the interpretation. Becase of the importance of the interpretation, spaces are studied in Majma‘al-Bayan by Hassan Tabarsi in this paper. Applications, interpretation roles, types and the linking method are of more importance rather than other elements. Twelve semantic links are generally known which few articles and books have studied them. There are some challenges relating spaces and contents which Tabarsi's view points are studied and analyzed in the present article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A study of the literary and linguistic level of Mahmoud Manaf's poems, the poem "The Great Debate" as a model (In light of Roman Jacobson's communication theory)
seyed mohammad bagher mahdavi tahere chaldare katayoun fallahiMahmood Muhammad Al- mousavi known as Mahmood Manaf is one of the anonymous poets in the world of Arab literature today. In addition to his poetic language, he is famous for his poetic genius out of which he gained invaluable experiences. They give value to the generati MoreMahmood Muhammad Al- mousavi known as Mahmood Manaf is one of the anonymous poets in the world of Arab literature today. In addition to his poetic language, he is famous for his poetic genius out of which he gained invaluable experiences. They give value to the generations with the framework of linguistic elements, aiming at accomplishing perfection. Employing descriptive-analytic research method, the present study seeks to investigate one of his doctrinal poems named " major debate" based on Roman Jacobson's theory. Jacobson presents six language functions within his communicative theory: motivating, emotive, poetic, uniting (or possessive), symbolic and metalingual. The study also, relying on three stylistic levels, namely intellectual, literal and linguistic, investigates his poetic functions with a view on emotive, poetic and motivating functions. One of the findings of the study indicates that the poet is honest in his enthusiasm since he uses complete ballade which is one the most comprehensive ballades; he uses that in order to highlight simple and unsophisticated emotions such as rage, joy and pride. Likewise, another conclusion is that the proportion of voiced letters is more than that of voiceless ones, which is in concordance with the general atmosphere of the poem because it shows the severity of his anger at the Umayyad’s policy. In all these matters, we see emotive and motivating functions as an outstanding role. The conclusion reached at out of the stylistic investigation of imagery and its function in this ballade is that Mahmud Manaf employs simile and metaphor . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The semiotics of non-verbal communication in the novel Al Tariq ela Tal Matran" by Ali Badr
Masoud Bavanpouri Majed Awad Salman Al DarrajiNon-verbal communication is one of the branches of semiotics, which includes all kinds of movement behaviors of people, including facial expressions, body movements, gestures and movements to regulate conversation, etc. Also, posture, standing, posture, artifacts, time, MoreNon-verbal communication is one of the branches of semiotics, which includes all kinds of movement behaviors of people, including facial expressions, body movements, gestures and movements to regulate conversation, etc. Also, posture, standing, posture, artifacts, time, etc. are signs of non-verbal communication that can independently convey a message or help verbal messages become more effective. This type of communication has six functions of completing, denying, repeating, controlling, substituting and emphasizing. Examining contemporary Arabic novels shows that the authors are fully aware of the role of non-verbal communication and body language in creating new scenes. Iraqi novelists are no exception to this rule and have tried to use this type of communication in their novels. Iraqi writer Ali Badr uses non-verbal elements in his novels in addition to spoken language. In this research, three of his novel Al Tariq ela Tal Matran have been tried from the point of view of non-verbal communication patterns, including facial expressions, eye expressions, hand movements and head movements, etc., using the semiotic approach and adhering to the descriptive approach. be analyzed analytically. The results of the research show that Ali Badr used a total of 171 signs in the selected novel. In these novel, he has made the most use of the different modes of speech, face and look, along with their related functions. Ali Badr has used these modes to express things like: fear, anxiety and discomfort, hiding something, getting information, etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Non-verbal communication analysis in the system "Srivily Home» Nima Youshij
Mohammadreza Neshaei moghaddam Koobra NodehiThe sign as a symbol is a concept that is derived from the movement of some human organs or spatial and temporal positions and is more important and effective than verbal communication in places. In order to establish a good relationship, it is necessary to co-operate w MoreThe sign as a symbol is a concept that is derived from the movement of some human organs or spatial and temporal positions and is more important and effective than verbal communication in places. In order to establish a good relationship, it is necessary to co-operate with the components in which the coordination between them can show us an interpretable connection, and the role of non-verbal communication is very important. The aim of this study is to examine the Nima's symbolic view as an innovative poet and traitor in different communication platforms and to achieve different reactions and reactions to the audience. The research, descriptive and analytical show Nima Youshij System " Srivilys Home" through non-verbal communication to reinforce the message of your verbal and has managed it to your audience spread the use of signs of nonverbal communication As with environmental conditions, the color and state of the body in this system are more impressive and the use of these signs to emphasize and highlight the expression and in order to induce the desired concepts Nima. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Effect of Row Spacing and Seeding Rate on Forage Yield Local Alfalfa, c.v. Gara Yonjeh (Medicago sativa)
A. Salek Zamani A. FakhrVaeziTo identify suitable seeding rate and row spacing and their interaction effects on local alfalfa (Gara Yonjeh C.V.) forage yield, this experiment was carried out at Maragheh Dryland Research Station for four years. Experimental design was strip plot with 4 replications. MoreTo identify suitable seeding rate and row spacing and their interaction effects on local alfalfa (Gara Yonjeh C.V.) forage yield, this experiment was carried out at Maragheh Dryland Research Station for four years. Experimental design was strip plot with 4 replications. Row spacing was assigned to horizontal plots (A1= 25 cm, A2= 30 cm, A3= 40 cm) and seeding rate to vertical plots (B1= 15 kg/ha, B2= 20 kg/ha, B3= 30 kg/ha, B4= 40 kg/ha). The Combined analyses of data in 3 years showed that there were significant differences between row spacing but there were not significant differences among seeding rates. Interactions of row space × seeding rate were not significant. Means comparisons showed that yield of A1B3 entry (row space=25 cm, seed rate=30 kg/ha) with 3135 kg/ha dry forage and 5653 kg/ha wet forage was higher than the yields of other entries. Relation of Yield related to rainfall was found to be a polynomial function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Effect of Row Spacing, Plant Population and Planting Pattern on Yield and Yield Components of Corn (SC 704) in Double Cropping
M. Ramezani R. Rezaei Sokht-AbandaniTo evaluate the effect of row spacing, plant population and planting pattern on yield and yield components of corn (single cross 704) in the double cropping after paddy rice, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications was conduct MoreTo evaluate the effect of row spacing, plant population and planting pattern on yield and yield components of corn (single cross 704) in the double cropping after paddy rice, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted in Research Gharakheil Agricultural Research Center of Qaemshahr, Iran in 2009. Treatments consisted of three row distances (65, 75, 85 cm), plant populations of 70000 and 800000 plants per hectare and two planting patterns (single-row and zigzag double-row). Results showed that maximum grain yield (9230 kg/ha) and harvest index (42.11 %) between row distance were obtained from 65 cm. Seed yield and yield components were not significantly affected by plant density. Seed yield of zigzag two-row planting pattern was 23.26 percent higher than single row planting pattern. All of the yield components in a single row were less than of zigzag double row planting patterns. The row spacing × plant density interactions for biomass, HI and ear length were significant at 5% level of probabilities. Planting pattern × row spacing interaction for biomass and number of rows per ear showed significant differences at the 5% level of probabilities. The lowest seed yield (6558 kg/ha) was obtained from 75 cm row spacing× single row planting pattern × 80 thousand density interactions and highest harvest index (46.86 %) from 80000 plants per hectare × 65 cm row spacing × double row zigzag planting pattern interaction. Grain yield was positively and highly correlated with all yield components, which may be due to delayed planting date (the first week of September) and proper growing condition for corn. It could be concluded that double cropping of corn after rice, results in yield stability and efficient use of water resources, in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Integrated Weed Management of Cotton Planting in Conventional and Ultra-Narrow Row Space
Ali Reza Ghavi Mohammad ArminTo determine the most appropriate method of weed management in conventional row and ultra narrow row spacings of cotton, a factorial experiment was based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Sabzevar in 2015-2016. Factors under MoreTo determine the most appropriate method of weed management in conventional row and ultra narrow row spacings of cotton, a factorial experiment was based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Sabzevar in 2015-2016. Factors under study were plant spacings in two levels, conventional (70 cm row spacing) and ultra-narrow row (20 cm row spacing) and weed management in six levels: without controlling of weeds (control), application of herbicide at recommended dose of Ethalfluralin (Treflan 48% EC) at 1160 g/ai ha), application of herbicide at 50% recommended dose + hand weeding at 45 days after emergence (DAE), application of herbicide at 50% recommended dose + two times hand weeding at 30 and 60 DAE, three times hand weeding at 30, 45 and 60 DAE, and full weed free condition. The results showed that traits like weed density, by 33.71 percent, lateral branches by 14.77 percent, number of bolls per plant by 16.88 percent, and boll weight by 12.30 percent were lower in narrow row spacing, while seed cotton yield by 39.85 percent and fiber yield by 23.71 percent higher, as compared to, conventional row spacing. In the conventional cultivation system, if 50% of the herbicide dose is reduced, it needs two hands weeding at 30 and 60 DAE; while in ultra-narrow row spacing condition, with a 50% reduction in the recommended herbicide dose, one hand weeding at 45 DAE is needed to achieve suitable seed cotton yield. As a whole, the results showed that, under ultra-narrow row spacing, with a 50% reduction in herbicide dose and reduced weed control times (only one hand weeding at 45 DAE) it can be obtained seed cotton yield similar to other control treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Determination of normal values of intervals and segments of the electrocardiogram in Khuzestan River Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
Ali Reza Ghadrdan Mashhadi Haji hajikolaei M.R. S. Kamali A. Rezakhani R. FatemiElectrocardiography is an important diagnostic technique in conjunction to cardiac problems, therefore its standardization is necessary among various livestock and also different breeds of a species because species differences can influence ECG parameters. Determination MoreElectrocardiography is an important diagnostic technique in conjunction to cardiac problems, therefore its standardization is necessary among various livestock and also different breeds of a species because species differences can influence ECG parameters. Determination of normal Intervals and segments of the electrocardiogram can help identify heart abnormalities especially arrhythmias. The present study was performed to determine normal duration of intervals and segments of the electrocardiogram on 100 apparently healthy river buffaloes. For this purpose the buffaloes were divided into male and female and according to dental formula to two age groups (less than 2.5 and more than 2.5 years of age). After taking the anamnesis and performing a clinical examination, the electrocardiogram was obtained based on base- apex lead system with lead II of the electrocardiograph, paper speed of 25mm/sec and sensitivity of 10 mv/min. Results showed that regardless of age and sex, the median and interquartile range of P-R, Q-T and R-R intervals and PR, ST and TP segments were 0.22±0.03, 0.36±0.04, 0.89± 0.16, 0.12± 0.02, 0.21± 0.05 and 0.30± 0.12 second respectively. Statistical tests showed that there is a significant difference in relation to the P-R interval and PR segment between the two sexes and also P-R, Q-T interval and PR segment in the two age groups (p<0.05). It seems that factors such as breed, ecology and behavior of river buffalo can affect normal electrocardiographic wave parameters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluation of planting row spacing and plant spacing on the planting row in the sugar beet field in Karaj region
Reza Esmaeili Rahim Mohammadian Hossein Heidari Sharif Abad Ghorban Noor MohammadiSince the yield of sugar beet is affected by the length of the growing period and agronomic management, to investigate the delayed cultivation, this experiment was conducted in 2015 and 2016 with two treatments of planting row spacing (Pr) with two levels of 25 and 40 c MoreSince the yield of sugar beet is affected by the length of the growing period and agronomic management, to investigate the delayed cultivation, this experiment was conducted in 2015 and 2016 with two treatments of planting row spacing (Pr) with two levels of 25 and 40 cm (main plot) and three levels of plant spacing on row (Ps) using 1.7, 2.4, and 3.1 units per hectare seeds (sub-plot), it was carried out in the form of split plots with a RCBD in four replications. By adding the harvest date treatment with two levels of conventional and delayed in the second year, the statistical design was changed to split plots factorial (Ps and harvest date as factorial). The highest percentage of white sugar content (WSC) and potassium was obtained in the 40 cm row spacing. In the second year, a 37% decrease in the number of final roots compared to the first year caused a 25% decrease in root yield (RY), 31% in white sugar yield (WSY), and 21% in irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Contrary to the first year, the effect of Ps was not significant on traits such as RY, WSY, and IWUE, while it had no significant effect on the percentage of WSC in any of the two years. In the second year, with a delay in harvesting, the increase in WSY and IWUE was 32% and 16%, respectively. Therefore, Pr of 25 cm and Ps of 22 cm (2.4 units) is recommended for the Karaj region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - شکوه سیاوش در آیینة عرفان
ناهید جعفری -
Open Access Article
12 - Stock price prediction based on LM-BP neural network and over-point estimation by counting time intervals: Evidence from the Stock Exchange
Mohammadreza Vatanparast masoud asadi Shaban Mohammadi abbas babaeiIn this study, to determine the stock price forecasting method, a LM-BP neural network was presented based on time series with respect to open price, highest price, lowest price, package price and volume of transactions. In the present study 315 days of stock prices wer MoreIn this study, to determine the stock price forecasting method, a LM-BP neural network was presented based on time series with respect to open price, highest price, lowest price, package price and volume of transactions. In the present study 315 days of stock prices were chosen to create 10 samples and the test set includes stock prices from day 316 to day 320 and used the LM-BP neural network. In this research, the determination of the critical point of excess, asymmetry and counting of intervals were investigated. The curve MRE2-MRE1 was plotted and the precision related to the best prediction of the BP neural network was estimated based on several independent replicas. The post-test was performed using a Kupiec Test and a Christopherson test. The results showed that stock price prediction based on the LM-BP neural network and over-point estimation by counting the intervals resulted in better results than the existing methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The effects of plant density formed from different between and within row distances on quantitative and qualitative traits of three Soybean cultivars at Urmia region
E. Rahimi Petroudi M. Zardashti M. Nojavan A. A. PourmirzaIn order to investigate the effect of between and within row distance on the quantitative and qualitative traits of three soybean cultivars, a field study was conducted at research field of th MoreIn order to investigate the effect of between and within row distance on the quantitative and qualitative traits of three soybean cultivars, a field study was conducted at research field of the Faculty of Agriculture, urmia university. The factorial-split plot design of the study comprised of randomized complete block with three replication. Main plots were including two row spaces(45 and 60 cm) and three within row distance (5, 10 and15 cm) that located in factorial arrangement. Subplots were allocated to three cultivars; WILIAMS, AS3925 and CLARK-63 (maturity group II , III , IV) respectively. Results showed that increasing between and within row spacing about all cultivars caused to decreasing in plant height and height of first pod, but increased the number of nods, number of pods per main stem , branches and per plant, diameter of stem and number of branches per plants. The highest total dry matter, yield and harvest index were obtained from between and within row spacing 45*5 cm. In comparison with other cultivars, AS3925 with 3510.8 kg/ha showed superiority over the two other cultivars. The between and within row distance did not show significant effects on oil and protein content, but there were significant difference among cultivars. Williams and AS3925 cultivars with 36.85 % and 19.36 % respectively showed the highest protein and oil content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Effect of irrigation interval and harvesting time on agro-morphological traits of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.)
Majid Pouryousef Sayed Ali Razzaghi Fard Khalil JamshidiIn order to investigate the effect of irrigation interval and harvesting time on agro-morphological traits of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) a field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Zanjan in the spring of 2011. The experiment was conducte MoreIn order to investigate the effect of irrigation interval and harvesting time on agro-morphological traits of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) a field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Zanjan in the spring of 2011. The experiment was conducted as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main Factor was irrigation interval at three levels including every 7, 12 and 17 days irrigation and three harvesting times including harvesting at soft dough (waxy), hard dough and full maturity stages were assigned to the sub plots. The results indicated that the effect of irrigation intervals on majority of measured traits including number of umbrella in plant, number of seeds in main branch umbellet, number of seeds in sub branch umbellet, number of sub­-­branches in plant, number of umbellets in main branch umbrella, plant height, grain yield and biomass was significant. Majority of measured traits significantly decreased with increment in irrigation interval from 7 to 17 days. So, the highest biomass (1845.89 kg.ha-1) and grain yield (636.07 kg.ha-1) were obtained in 7 days irrigation interval and the lowest amount of the mentioned traits was observed in 17 days irrigation interval. Harvesting time had significant effect on some of traits including number of seeds in sub­-branch umbellet, biomass and grain yield. With delay in harvesting time from hard dough to full maturity stage, number of seeds in sub­-­branch umbellet, biomass and grain yield decreased, significantly. So, the highest biomass (1474.33 kg.ha-1) and grain yield (474.15 kg.ha-1) were obtained in hard dough stage and the lowest amount of the mentioned traits were obtained in soft dough stage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Effect of row distances on the yield and some agronomic traits in two lines of lentil (Vicia villosa L.)
Shagayeg Sharifi Topragh Ghaleh mahmod pooryousef khoshnoud alizadehSinceVicia villosa is an important forage crop among forage plants in terms of cattle feeding, planting possibility in weak lands, resistance to cold, drought and grazing, as well as its role in soil fertility, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomi MoreSinceVicia villosa is an important forage crop among forage plants in terms of cattle feeding, planting possibility in weak lands, resistance to cold, drought and grazing, as well as its role in soil fertility, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranian Dryland Agricultural Research Station in maraghehat 2007. Factors included two lines: A1v.d (2440) and A2v.d (2446), four row distances: B1 (17.5 cm), B2 (20 cm), B3 (22.5 cm) and B4 (25 cm). The results showed that 17.5 cm row distance caused the highest total dry matter weight and total seeds weight. Row distance of 22.5 cm led to the highest vegetation percent age that had significant difference with lower row distances. Fresh and dry biomass at flowering stage for 25 cm row distance were greater that 25 cm row distance, but it had no significant difference with other row distances. The greatest 1000 seeds weight was observed in 25 cm row distance, but it was only significantly different with 22.5cm row distance. Two lines had no differences in respect of all studied characteristics. Based on the results, 20 cm was considered as the best row distance to produce reliable forge at flowering stage. Manuscript profile
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