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Open Access Article

1 - The New Interpretation of al-Hakīm al-Tirmidhī's Kitāb al-Furūq
Shams al-Din AzizPur Hamed(farhang) Khani(mehrvash)

10.30495/jhcin.2019.14721

Kitab al-Furūq by al_Hakīm al-Tirmidhī (ca. 230-320 AH) is comprising the spiritual norms and moral values of Islamic Sufism with psycho analysis of Human nature. The book approach has made it significant in the history of Psycho analysis in Islamic Civilization. Althou More

Kitab al-Furūq by al_Hakīm al-Tirmidhī (ca. 230-320 AH) is comprising the spiritual norms and moral values of Islamic Sufism with psycho analysis of Human nature. The book approach has made it significant in the history of Psycho analysis in Islamic Civilization. Although, almost all traditional and modern scholars disscussed the book, they were not familiar with it and introduced it as an structureless encyclopedia containing twofold controversial words, to be like the author's another work: Tahsīl Nazāir al-Qur'ān. This study aimed to criticize this presupposition. we are going to survey the book by different methods of content analysis to find out author's real aim in compilation such a book. Without naming any group, it seems that al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi divided people into three different types: ordinary people, ordinary clergy men, and high rank clergy men, the typology he mentions in his another books by terms like al-‘amma, al-Khawāṣ, and Khāṣ al-Khawāṣ.  Manuscript profile

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2 - Conceptual Analysis of the Subject of Metaphysics in Suhrawardi's Hikmat al-Ishraq
Mahmud Hedayatafza Zeynab Bostani

The subject of metaphysics, which was introduced in Greek philosophy, and especially in Aristotle's books, was expanded into the works of Muslim thinkers after being translated into Arabic. Most of them chose the most famous subject for the first teacher, that is, &ldqu More

The subject of metaphysics, which was introduced in Greek philosophy, and especially in Aristotle's books, was expanded into the works of Muslim thinkers after being translated into Arabic. Most of them chose the most famous subject for the first teacher, that is, “existing in terms of existence”, sometimes under the influence of other words from Aristotle, “the object” and sometimes because of their religious tendencies, considered “obligatory existence” as the subject of philosophy. The present research is responsible for Hakim Sohrawardi's innovative view on this issue. The authors' method of discussion is a combination of historical description, analysis and comparison. Sohrawardi, in his works in the Peripatetic style, seems to have accepted Ibn Sina's view, preferring the title “existing in terms of existence” to other topics in philosophy in Peripatetic literature, and only in some places, the word “existence” in terms of its original meaning. Replaces “existing”. But in the book Hikmat al-Ishraq, we encounter a new conceptual system in which the “object” as the most obvious concept takes the place of existence and existence, and regardless of any constraints, is considered the subject of Enlightenment metaphysics. Sohrawardi from the beginning divides the object into light and darkness, and after that, other concepts of illuminated wisdom are formed. One of the important results of this approach is the denial of the validity of darkness and the rejection of the idea of the similarity of light, despite the fact that the commentators of the book Hikmat al-Ishraq have not properly. Manuscript profile

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3 - Some Notes on Persian and Arabic Languages
Mohammad Alavi Moghaddam

At the beginning of the present article, the most important differences between Arabic and Persian language are mentioned. Then it is discussed that the Arabic language is a derivational language while the Persian is a synthetic one; the various functions of a Persian w More

At the beginning of the present article, the most important differences between Arabic and Persian language are mentioned. Then it is discussed that the Arabic language is a derivational language while the Persian is a synthetic one; the various functions of a Persian word is also discussed. It is mentioned that if there is any foreign word in Persian which is not known by the public because of its complexity, it's essential to use another word in Persian instead of it which is understandable by everyone. The final part of the article is about "synonyms" which some accept it but some deny it. Arabs know Quran very well and invoke to it so according to this holly book and know it as a criterion they got that there's no meaning for the term "synonym". But every single word has a certain meaning and it's impossible to replace one word instead of the other. Manuscript profile

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4 - Slant Rhymes in Khorasani and Esfahani Style
Fatemeh Haji Aghabozorgi Abbasali Vafaei Reza Fahimi

Slant rhymes are widely applied both in poetry and prose as well as in conversational language. The time of applying the mentioned compositions in written or oral works by Iranians is not clear yet. Studies in ancient texts only provide some samples of these combin More

Slant rhymes are widely applied both in poetry and prose as well as in conversational language. The time of applying the mentioned compositions in written or oral works by Iranians is not clear yet. Studies in ancient texts only provide some samples of these combinations in deceased texts. According to slant rhymes' procedure in different periods and their applications in the language of poets and writers of different styles, it can be claimed that initial slant rhymes are different from its current form which is also called "nonsensical noun". With the exception of some combinations that have been meaningless or careless from the beginning where the word function is completely meaningless from Rudaki's viewpoint and he has applied it only once. In this research the works of famous poets and writers of Khorasan and Esfahani periods have been studied in order to achieve the process of employing slant rhymes. The findings support application of "nonsensical noun" or slant rhyme in order to make brevity in speech. Manuscript profile

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5 - The Role of Synonymy in Causing Inconsistencies in the Choice of Equivalents in Farsi ‎Translations of the Holy Qur'an: A Case of the Twelve Contemporary Translations of the Ash-‎Shams and Al-Balad Suras
mostafa kamaljoo Mehdi Shahrokh

10.30495/qsf.2023.1901447.2189

The Holy Quran is a book for human guidance in Arabic, whose understanding is only available through translation to those who do not know Arabic. None of the translations of the Qur'an can ever compare with its Arabic origin and they serve only as a means for a better u More

The Holy Quran is a book for human guidance in Arabic, whose understanding is only available through translation to those who do not know Arabic. None of the translations of the Qur'an can ever compare with its Arabic origin and they serve only as a means for a better understanding of the Qur'an. However, since Arabic is one of the most complete languages and it involves many fine details, this makes the translation of the Qur'an a very challenging job. Therefore, unless the translator has a competent knowledge and command of the fine details of the Arabic language, his translation would be a flawed one. This research aims to study the role and the effect of synonymy on inconsistencies and their frequencies in translation based on the analytical descriptive method. For this purpose, the translations of two short Suras of Ash-Shams and Al-Balad by the following contemporary translators have been selected for comparison: Ansariyan, Ayati, Bahrampour, Khorramdel, Khorramshahi, Sadeghi Tehrani, Fooladvand, Qaraati, Mojtabavi, Mo'ezi, Makarem Shirazi, and Elahi Qomsheie. The results of this study show a significant ratio of differences in finding the Farsi equivalents among these translators, Such that the percentage of differences is much higher than that of the similarities. the highest ratio was seen between Khorramdel and Mo'ezi and the least ratio was seen between Fooladvand and Sadeghi Tehrani. This probably represents the least and highest amount of influence among these translators, and of course their only instrument in producing these inconsistencies is the synonymy phenomenon in Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Comparative Study of Synonyms in Quran from Zamakhshari and Tabarsi Viewpoint
Ali Mohammadi Ashnaei Somayeh Sayyadi

Synonym is one of the semantic relations and terminology issues which is paid a lot of attention by scholars in literary subjects and jurisprudential books. Intellectuals do not agree on the synonym event of Holy Quran. Zamakhshari is one of the literary interpreters wh More

Synonym is one of the semantic relations and terminology issues which is paid a lot of attention by scholars in literary subjects and jurisprudential books. Intellectuals do not agree on the synonym event of Holy Quran. Zamakhshari is one of the literary interpreters whose interpretations are known as the incomparable ones in literature. Tabarsi is also one of the contemporary interpreters with Zamakhshari and was master in literary techniques; thus "Majma' Al Bayan" interpretation is one of the literary interpretations. Tabarsi knew many terms as synonym such as "close meaning", "substitute" and "the same meaning". In fact it could be claimed that although both interpreters know some terms as synonyms, accept minor synonyms in Holy Quran; it can't be said they deny synonyms as some claimed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - A Survey on Semantic implication of Quran Terms and their manifestation in Affected Prays
Mohsen Abdollahi Mohammad Hossein Saeni

Quran's expressing method, its phrasings and paraphrasing in new version is the most significant miracle of Quran according to many literature and science scholars. Also the characteristic of selected words is in a way that words movement or changing them is not possibl More

Quran's expressing method, its phrasings and paraphrasing in new version is the most significant miracle of Quran according to many literature and science scholars. Also the characteristic of selected words is in a way that words movement or changing them is not possible. Regarding semantic synonyms, not only each term finds its own position by semantic combination of other terms but also by the terms before or after it; in other words any synonym can't be replaced by another. There is no complete synonym in Quran's terms; the ones who emphasize synonym, in fact emphasize common meanings of terms and neglect the special meaning of each term. On the other hand and based on Thaqalayn Hadith, there is an inseparable relationship between Quran and Prophet's Households. The author of the present paper intends to study Quran's expressing manifestations in prays and some terms such as Praise, Grace, Fear and Humility. Manuscript profile

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8 - A Research on New Semantic Methods in Emimate Exegetic Sources
Mohammadreza Haj Esmaeeli Sayyed Mohammadreza Mirsayyed

Although in some works, various types of Emimate traditions as well as the ones related to the semantics of words have been referred to, the vast scope of such traditions as well as the specialization of the modern areas of knowledge involve dealing with the Emimate app More

Although in some works, various types of Emimate traditions as well as the ones related to the semantics of words have been referred to, the vast scope of such traditions as well as the specialization of the modern areas of knowledge involve dealing with the Emimate approach. The researches on this issue show that the Holy Prophet and Imams (peace be upon them) have selected various methods in defining the meaning of Quranic words that the most ones are "synonymy", "word definition", "analysis of semantic components" and " pictorial method". In this paper, in addition to introducing this approach, some instances chosen from the traditions are provided to present a clearer picture of such an approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Equivalence Phenomenon in Quran Words from Oshihiko Izutsu's Viewpoint
Elliyeh Rezadad

Verbal relations recognition plays a vital role in context understanding undoubtedly; specially recognizing the verbal (lingual) phenomena in Holy Quran because if its effect on the speech aim in Quran's interpretation. One of the most important lingual phenomena is equ More

Verbal relations recognition plays a vital role in context understanding undoubtedly; specially recognizing the verbal (lingual) phenomena in Holy Quran because if its effect on the speech aim in Quran's interpretation. One of the most important lingual phenomena is equivalence which is of a special state for the researchers in the field of language, jurisprudence and logic as well as Quran specialist. But they have different ideas in defining equivalence and the term relation' quality. Some of them ignore the equivalence phenomenon and some others accept it while some are moderate (and between them). The present article studies Oshihiko Izutsu's ideas to find out his viewpoint on Quran equivalence. In fact it surveys his views in accordance to his books and his evaluations on equivalence phenomenon. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Lexical Ambiguity, Exclusive Style of Hafiz
Ahmad Zakeri Assad Safari Bandpey Mohammad Sadeqi

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11 - ترادف در واژگان قرآن و مشکلات ترجمۀ آن
غلامرضا رئیسیان ملیکا کردلویی

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12 - Typing of the Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from row meat of poultry and livestock using Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST)
Marziyeh Tavakol Hassan Momtaz Parviz Mohajeri Leili Shokoohizadeh Elahe Tajbakhsh

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) strains with multiple drug resistance are mainly opportunistic pathogens in the development of hospital infections and as an emerging contaminant in livestock-based foods. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resis More

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) strains with multiple drug resistance are mainly opportunistic pathogens in the development of hospital infections and as an emerging contaminant in livestock-based foods. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern and genotyping of this bacterium strains in raw meat of poultry and livestock. 22 strains isolated from raw meat were tested by multi-locus sequence typing and simple disk diffusion methods. The highest antimicrobial resistance was observed to tetracycline with 90.9% and the least antibiotic resistance was azithromycin and imipenem with 9.09%. Five strains were identified as non-typing isolates in 22 isolates of A. baumannii. Five genetic profiles (Sequence Types=ST) including ST15, ST10, ST12, ST25, ST25 were identified. Identifying the acceptable level of genetic variation among isolates using the MLST technique indicates that this method is considered as a useful method in the study and typing of Acinetobacter spp. strains and can be strains isolated from different origins in different groups. In this study, it was found that by sequencing of house-keeping genes, it is possible to typing of Acinetobacter spp. strains, and this amount of polymorphism indicates that this technique is a useful method for analyzing the genetic diversity of A. baumannii strains is a source of animal origin. Manuscript profile

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13 - تأثیر استفاده از گفتار مجازی (استعاره و مجاز مرسل) از طریق تعامل گفتاری بر عملکرد نوشتن زبان آموزان EFL
Nasrin Jenabagha Ali Najafi امیر مرزبان

این مقاله با توجه به اهمیت نوشتن در یادگیری انگلیسی و زبان مجازی امروز ، به دنبال این است که آیا استفاده از زبان استعاره می تواند از طریق تعاملات گفتاری تأثیرات مثبتی در بهبود نوشتن داشته باشد. در کل 60 دانشجوی دختر در سطح مهارت متوسط از دانشگاهی در گرگان ، ایران ، از ط More

این مقاله با توجه به اهمیت نوشتن در یادگیری انگلیسی و زبان مجازی امروز ، به دنبال این است که آیا استفاده از زبان استعاره می تواند از طریق تعاملات گفتاری تأثیرات مثبتی در بهبود نوشتن داشته باشد. در کل 60 دانشجوی دختر در سطح مهارت متوسط از دانشگاهی در گرگان ، ایران ، از طریق نمونه گیری آسان انتخاب شدند. شرکت کنندگان به سه گروه تقسیم شدند که هر گروه شامل 20 زبان آموز بود. برای جمع آوری داده هااز آزمون جمع آوری سریع آکسفورد و آزمون نوشتن که توسط نویسندگان مقاله حاضر تهیه شد، استفاده شد. ابتدا نرمال بودن داده های آزمون K-S اجرا شد. دوم ، ANOVA اجرا شد تا مشخص شود آیا از نظر بهبود نوشتاری در پیش آزمون تفاوتی بین سه گروه وجود دارد. سپس همان ANOVA برای پس آزمونهای این سه گروه اجرا شد. این مطالعه نشان داد که استعاره و مترادف از طریق تعاملات گفتاری تأثیر قابل توجهی درمهارت نوشتن شرکت کننده ها دارد. در مجموع ، به عنوان مفاهیم آموزشی ، این مقاله معلمان EFL را برای تمرین تعاملات گفتاری بیشتر و نیاز به استفاده از کار گروهی و زبان مجازی در نوشتن برنامه های آموزشی که در دوره های زبان خارجی استفاده نشده است ، تشویق می کند. Manuscript profile

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14 - ا
Muhammad Ghasemi Zeynab 'Izadkhasti

ا

ا Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Genotyping of Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from nosocomial infections by Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST)
Sara Rafiee Elahe Tajbakhsh Hassan Momtaz

Background & Objectives: Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the main causes of urinary tract infections and second cause of respiratory infections in human. The aim of this study was genotyping S. epidermidis strains isolated from nosocomial infections and detecti More

Background & Objectives: Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the main causes of urinary tract infections and second cause of respiratory infections in human. The aim of this study was genotyping S. epidermidis strains isolated from nosocomial infections and detection of genetic clones using Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) method. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 16 S. epidermidis isolates were selected and PCR products from amplification of seven housekeeping genes were sequenced. The nucleotide sequences of each gene in each isolate were analyzed in the MLST database and, besides identifying different clones, gene - specific alleles in each sequence types (ST) were determined. Results: A total of 3 clones including ST22, ST88 and ST153 were identified from 16 isolates, which was classified into two gene clusters of A and B. ST22 clone with a frequency of 50%, ST88 with 31.25% and ST153 with 18.75% were identified. The most dominant S. epidermidis clone isolated in 16 isolates is ST22. Conclusion: Dendrogram analysis of the isolates showed the homology of all isolates to alleles previously reported. Furthermore, our results suggest the genetic diversity of the isolates. Manuscript profile

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16 - Molecular typing of the Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from blood infections using Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST)
Zohreh Mohammadi Hassan Momtaz

Background & Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that is widely distributed in nature and considered as one of the important causes of hospital infections. The present study was conducted to genotype Acinetobacter baumannii strains i More

Background & Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that is widely distributed in nature and considered as one of the important causes of hospital infections. The present study was conducted to genotype Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from blood infections using Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) method. Materials & Methods: A total of 36 Acinetobacter baumannii strains were isolated from blood infection samples collected from Baqiatalah and Payambaran hospitals, Tehran, Iran. The PCR products obtained from amplification of seven housekeeping genes were sequenced. The nucleotide sequences of each gene in each isolate were queried against the reference sequence in the MLST database. In addition to characterization of the alleles specific to each gene, thesequence types (ST) of all isolates were determined. Results: A total of 5 clones including ST25, ST136, ST307, ST327, and ST328 were identified in 36 isolates. ST of 2 isolates were not identified in MLST database. The identified STs were placed into 5 genetic clusters including A, B, C, D, and E. Conclusion: Identifying an acceptable level of genetic diversity among the isolates using MLST technique shows that this method is useful for studying and typing of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Therefore, it is possible to cluster isolates with diverse origins in different groups. Manuscript profile

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17 - بررسی و نقد اطناب در مثنوی مولوی با تکیه بر ابیات دفتر اول و دوم
مهناز جعفریه نیره منتظری

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18 - Synonym Phenomenon in Translation of Holy Quran (Case study in translation of Makarem and Khoramshahi)
Hossein Qadami

From past to present synonym phenomenon has taken many studies, and faced serious opponents and supporters. Synonym in Holy Quran by focusing on the study of words in linguistic and jurisprudence principles, and logic as special sciences of Quran, were the field of scie More

From past to present synonym phenomenon has taken many studies, and faced serious opponents and supporters. Synonym in Holy Quran by focusing on the study of words in linguistic and jurisprudence principles, and logic as special sciences of Quran, were the field of scientific endeavors in the past. Are the words synonyms or antonyms in subjects? Does synonym in Persian and other languages translate correctly or not? Synonym order in its correct style, or complete differences in meanings of words with viewpoint on differences in two or more words, differences in rhetoric, and lexical differences are intended in this article. Considering the structure of words, compound combination of words, inflection order, diacritic, vocal phones, synonyms and antonyms in the field of Quran words based on divine and inspired words which associate with meanings of author world are other subjects of the article. Also proving and refusing synonym as the legacy and wealth of language, mobilization of words in perfection and strengthen of language are another subjects, too. The author by stating scientific knowledge of two translators, who are technical in jurisprudence and literature in Iran, modestly has analytical and descriptive viewpoints by analyzing and reviewing of words. Manuscript profile

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19 - Challenges of translating the Quran
Nasrin Ansarian

The Quran has been the religious book  for all humans and delivering its message  is  the  religious  duty of all of us. Because it is in Arabic , the  most primary and  the simplest  way to understand it is  its translation More

The Quran has been the religious book  for all humans and delivering its message  is  the  religious  duty of all of us. Because it is in Arabic , the  most primary and  the simplest  way to understand it is  its translation which has  different stages, in each of which the challenge is  possible; so, determining  the  challenges  and  mentioning  the approaches  to resolve them  is useful   to   strengthen the presentation of  less inaccurate translation. This study has aimed to  propose  the challenges  for  each stage of  translation  and  problems of  several  ones  by thinking  in verses of the Quran  and their  translation  and  by using content analysis  and  present  necessary  approaches to resolve them. Findings from the study showed that a translation  in which a translator  has benefited from experts in etymology, morphology  and eloquence, memorizer  of Quran and person being prominent and skillful in speaking Arabic is successful. Manuscript profile

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20 - ترادف در زبان عربی
حمیدرضا عبدالمحمدی محمد شریفی

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